|
|
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Infobox language
| |
| |creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
| |
| |name = Sošví
| |
| |nativename = lesán sošví
| |
| |region = Southeastern Europe
| |
| |speakers = 393,000
| |
| |date = 2013
| |
| |familycolor=Afro-Asiatic
| |
| |fam1=[[w:Afro-Asiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic]]
| |
| |fam2=[[w:Semitic languages|Semitic]]
| |
| |fam3=North Semitic
| |
| |script=[[w:Latin script|Latin]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| * Southeast Europe, Slavic infleunce
| |
| * more cases than in Proto-Semitic; the extra cases are from suffixing of person-marked prepositions.
| |
| * generalizes the nisba suffix ''*-ī/*-iyy'' to all adjectives
| |
| * No, I'm NOT changing ''{{recon|ū}}'' to ''{{recon|y}}''.
| |
| * Non-emphatic counterparts of emphatic consonants are palatalized. (except ''{{recon|þʼ}}'' merges with ''{{recon|ð}}'', ''{{recon|w}}'' into ''{{recon|v}}'', and ''{{recon|þ}}'' > ''{{recon|t}})''
| |
|
| |
| ==Nouns==
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
| |
| ! colspan="5" | Masculine noun: ''bjać'' 'house'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! nominative
| |
| | ''bjać'' || ''bjać'''a''''' || ''bjać'''u'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! genitive
| |
| | ''bjać'''i''''' || ''bjać'''e''''' || ''bjać'''i'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! dative
| |
| | ''bjać'''lu''''' || ''bjać'''eloma''''' || ''bjać'''ilúm'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! accusative
| |
| | ''bjać'' || ''bjać'''a''''' || ''bjać'''u'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! ins./loc.
| |
| | ''bjać'''bi''''' || ''bjać'''ebema''''' || ''bjać'''ibím'''''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
| |
| ! colspan="5" | Feminine noun: ''sura'' 'performance; ceremony'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! nominative
| |
| | ''sur'''a''''' || ''sur'''ća''''' || ''sur'''áć'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! genitive
| |
| | ''suro'''ći''''' || ''sur'''će''''' || ''sur'''aći'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! dative
| |
| | ''sur'''otla''''' || ''sur'''ćeloma''''' || ''sur'''aćilín'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! accusative
| |
| | ''sur'''a''''' || ''sur'''ća''''' || ''sur'''áć'''''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! ins./loc.
| |
| | ''sur'''otba''''' || ''sur'''ćebema''''' || ''sur'''aćibín'''''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==Pronouns==
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style="text-align: center;"
| |
| ! colspan="10" | Personal pronouns
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case !! colspan="3" | First person
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Nominative
| |
| |''na''||colspan="2"| ''nan''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Genitive
| |
| |''meni''||colspan="2"| ''menna''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Dative
| |
| |''li''||colspan="2"| ''lona''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Accusative
| |
| |''nani'', ''ni''||colspan="2"| ''nanna''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Ins./Loc.
| |
| |''bi''||colspan="2"| ''bna''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style="text-align: center;"
| |
| ! colspan="11" | Personal pronouns, cont.
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="3" style="width: 100px;" | Case !! colspan="5" | Second person !! colspan="5" | Third person
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural !! colspan="2" | Singular !! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! colspan="2" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>masculine</small> !! style="width: 100px;" | <small>feminine</small>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Nominative
| |
| |''ąt''|| ''ąć'' || ''ątma'' || ''ątmu'' || ''ątna'' || ''hú'' || ''hí'' || ''homa'' || ''homu'' || ''hen''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Genitive
| |
| |''męk''|| ''męč'' || ''mękma'' || ''mękmu'' || ''męčna'' || ''men'' || ''mená'' || ''menoma'' || ''menomu'' || ''menen''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Dative
| |
| |''lók''|| ''lóč'' || ''lókma'' || ''lókmu'' || ''lóčna'' ||''lu''||''lá''||''luma''||''lumu''||''lín''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Accusative
| |
| |''ątok'', ''tok''||''ąćeč'', ''ćeč''|| ''ątokma'', ''tokma'' || ''ątokmu'', ''tokmu'' ||''ąćečna'', ''ćečna''||''henu''||''hená''||''henoma''||''henomu''||''henen''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Ins./Loc.
| |
| |''bík''||''bíč''||''bekma''||''bekmu''||''bečna''||''bí''||''bá''||''bíma''||''bímu''||''bín''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==Verbs==
| |
| The lemma form of verbs is the aorist 3rd person masculine.
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
| |
| ! colspan="4" | ''kotol'' 'he killed'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Infinitive/Verbal noun
| |
| |-
| |
| | colspan="4" | ''kotlíć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Present
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''oktol'' || colspan="2"| ''nektol''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | ''toktol''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''ćektlán'' || ''ćektlún''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | ''toktlín'' || ''ćektlon''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | ''joktol''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''jektlán'' || ''jektlún''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | ''joktlín'' || ''jektlon''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Imperfect
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | || colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Aorist
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''kotlok'' || colspan="2"| ''kotolna''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | ''kotlot''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''kotoltma'' || ''kotoltmu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | ''kotleć'' || ''kotoltna''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | ''kotol''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''kotla'' || ''kotlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | ''kotla'' || ''kotlon''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Future I
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''rci oktol'' || colspan="2"| ''rci nektol''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | ''rci toktol''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''rci ćektla'' || ''rci ćektlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | ''rci toktli'' || ''rci ćektlon''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | ''rci joktol''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''rci jektla'' || ''rci jektlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | ''rci joktli'' || ''rci jektlon''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Future II
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''očún katel/katla''|| colspan="2"| ''nečún katla/katlu/katláć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | ''točún katel''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''ćečunán katla'' || ''ćečunún katlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | ''točunín katla''|| ''ćečunon katláć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | ''jočún katel''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''ječunán katla'' || ''ječunún katlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | ''jočunín katla''|| ''ječunon katláć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4" | Pluperfect
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''čąk katel/katla'' || colspan="2"| ''čanna katla/katlu/katláć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.m
| |
| | ''čąt katel''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''čątma katla'' || ''čątmu katlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2.f
| |
| | ''čąć katla'' || ''čątna katláć''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.m
| |
| | ''čán katel''
| |
| |rowspan="2"| ''čana katla'' || ''čanu katlu''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3.f
| |
| | ''čána katla'' || ''čanon katláć''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| [[Category:Semitic languages]]
| |