Eadlan/Older draft: Difference between revisions

← Older edit

Eadlan/Older draft (view source)

Revision as of 06:21, 9 May 2023

1,759 bytes added , 9 May 2023

m

IlL moved page User:IlL/Netagin6 to Eadlan/Older draft without leaving a redirect

IlL

138,759

edits

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 ==Todo==
 Deutschify the grammar (V2, cases, STOV)?
+yubmă = aroma
+Very large vowel system? Khmer gibberish? Construct state with vowel changes (Revive Trây?)
 ==About==
 ===External history===
@@ Line 41: / Line 46: @@
 ===Vowels===
-/ɪ u ɛ ɔ ə ɨ a iə uə eə oə ɨə/ ''i u e o ă ĭ a ia ua ea oa ĭa''
-Umlauted counterparts of the above:
+{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
+|-
-/i ʉ e ɵ ɨ i æ ie ue ie oe ɨɪ/ ''iı uı eı ăı ĭı aı ieı ueı eaı oeı ĭeı''
+! rowspan="2" |
+! rowspan="2" |Front
-Proto-Netagin a ā i ī u ū ə + modal/stød -> a o/oa e/ea i/ie u/ua ă ĭ/ĭa
+! colspan="2" |Central
+! rowspan="2" |Back
+|-
+! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
+! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
+|-
+! style="" |Close
+| '''iı, ĭı''' /i/
+| '''ĭ, ăı''' /ɨ/
+| '''uı''' /ʉ/
+| '''u''' /u/
+|-
+! style="" |Close-mid
+| '''i, eı''' /e/
+| '''ă''' /ə/
+| '''oı''' /ɵ/
+| '''o''' /o/
+|-
+! style="" |Open-mid
+| '''e''' /ɛ/
+|
+|
+|
+|-
+! style="" |Open
+| '''aı, äı''' /æ/
+|
+| '''ä''' /a/
+| '''a''' /ɒ/
+|}
+The diphthongs are '''ia ua ea oa ĭa ieı ueı eaı oeı ĭeı''' /iə uə eə oə ɨə ie ue ie oe ɨi/.
+====Umlaut====
+{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
+|-
+!normal
+|| i || u || e || o || ă || ĭ || ä || á || ia || ua || ea || oa || ĭa
+|-
+!umlauted
+|| iı || uı || eı || oı || ăı || ĭı || äı || áı || ieı || ueı || eaı || oeı || ĭeı
+|}
+Proto-Netagin a ā i ī u ū ə + modal/stød -> ä a/oa e/ea i/ie u/ua ă ĭ/ĭa
 TODO: closing diphthongs and Philly-style reinforcement
@@ Line 62: / Line 106: @@
 **ξ ξξ hξ hξξ λ λλ hλ hλλ ƛ /tɬʰ tɬːʰ ʔtɬʰ ʔːtɬʰ tɬ~dɮ tɬː htɬ hːtɬ l/
 **c cc hc hcc g gg hg hgg /kʰ kːʰ ʔkʰ ʔːkʰ k~g kː hk hːk/
-**q qq hq hqq q /qʰ qː ʔqʰ ʔːqʰ q~ɢ/
-***final /q~ɢ/ is transcribed ''-q''
 *Fricatives: s ss s's ș șș ș'ș σ σσ σ'σ h hh h'h /s sː sːː ʃ ʃː ʃːː ɬ ɬː ɬːː h xː xːː/
 *Other resonants:
@@ Line 82: / Line 124: @@
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Weak
-||''f'' || ''b'' || ''th'' || ''d'' || ''z'' || ''ḑ'' || ''y'' || ''ģ'' || ''ƛ'' || ''λ'' || ''j'' || ''g'' || ''q'' /q⁼/ || ''s'' || ''ș'' || ''σ'' || ''h'' || ''m'' || ''n'' || ''l'' || ''r'' || ''y'' || ''w''
+||''f'' || ''b'' || ''th'' || ''d'' || ''z'' || ''ḑ'' || ''y'' || ''ģ'' || ''ƛ'' || ''λ'' || ''j'' || ''g'' || ''s'' || ''ș'' || ''σ'' || ''h'' || ''m'' || ''n'' || ''l'' || ''r'' || ''y'' || ''w''
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Strong
-|| ''hb'' || ''hp'' || ''hd'' || ''ht'' || ''hḑ'' || ''hț'' || ''hģ'' || ''hc̦'' || ''hλ'' || ''hξ'' || ''hg'' || ''hc'' || ''hq'' || ''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''bm'' || ''dn'' || ''ll'' || ''rr'' || ''yy'' || ''ww''<!--
+|| ''hb'' || ''hp'' || ''hd'' || ''ht'' || ''hḑ'' || ''hț'' || ''hģ'' || ''hc̦'' || ''hλ'' || ''hξ'' || ''hg'' || ''hc'' || ''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''bm'' || ''dn'' || ''ll'' || ''rr'' || ''yy'' || ''ww''<!--
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Overlong
-|| ''hbb'' || ''hpp'' || ''hdd'' || ''htt'' || ''hḑḑ'' || ''hțț'' || ''hģģ'' || ''hc̦c̦'' || ''hλλ'' || ''hξξ'' || ''hgg'' || ''hcc'' || ''hqq'' ||''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''hm'' || ''hn'' || ''gll'' || ''drr''  || ''gyy'' || ''gww''-->
+|| ''hbb'' || ''hpp'' || ''hdd'' || ''htt'' || ''hḑḑ'' || ''hțț'' || ''hģģ'' || ''hc̦c̦'' || ''hλλ'' || ''hξξ'' || ''hgg'' || ''hcc'' ||''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''hm'' || ''hn'' || ''gll'' || ''drr''  || ''gyy'' || ''gww''-->
 |}
@@ Line 96: / Line 138: @@
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Weak
-|| ''hb'' || ''hp'' || ''hd'' || ''ht'' || ''hḑ'' || ''hț'' || ''hģ'' || ''hc̦'' || ''hλ'' || ''hξ'' || ''hg'' || ''hc'' || ''hq'' || ''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''bm'' || ''dn'' || ''ll'' || ''rr'' || ''yy'' || ''ww'' || ''hl'' || ''hr'' || ''hy'' || ''hw''
+|| ''hb'' || ''hp'' || ''hd'' || ''ht'' || ''hḑ'' || ''hț'' || ''hģ'' || ''hc̦'' || ''hλ'' || ''hξ'' || ''hg'' || ''hc'' || ''ss'' || ''șș'' || ''σσ'' || ''hh'' || ''bm'' || ''dn'' || ''ll'' || ''rr'' || ''yy'' || ''ww'' || ''hl'' || ''hr'' || ''hy'' || ''hw''
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Strong<!-- = Overlong-->
-|| ''hbb'' || ''hpp'' || ''hdd'' || ''htt'' || ''hḑḑ'' || ''hțț'' || ''hģģ'' || ''hc̦c̦'' || ''hλλ'' || ''hξξ'' || ''hgg'' || ''hcc'' || ''hqq'' || ''s's'' || ''ș'ș'' || ''σ'σ'' || ''h'h'' || ''bmm'' /b:m/ || ''dnn'' /d:n/ || ''gll'' /ɢ:/ || ''drr'' /d:ɾ/ || ''gyy'' /ɟː/ || ''gww'' /gːʷ/ || ''hll'' || ''hrr'' || ''hyy'' || ''hww''
+|| ''hbb'' || ''hpp'' || ''hdd'' || ''htt'' || ''hḑḑ'' || ''hțț'' || ''hģģ'' || ''hc̦c̦'' || ''hλλ'' || ''hξξ'' || ''hgg'' || ''hcc'' || ''s's'' || ''ș'ș'' || ''σ'σ'' || ''h'h'' || ''bmm'' /b:m/ || ''dnn'' /d:n/ || ''gll'' /ɢ:/ || ''drr'' /d:ɾ/ || ''gyy'' /ɟː/ || ''gww'' /gːʷ/ || ''hll'' || ''hrr'' || ''hyy'' || ''hww''
 |}
@@ Line 128: / Line 170: @@
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Weak
-|| ''fd, fḑ, fģ, fλ, fg'' /vd~ft, .../ || ''ft, fț, fc̦, fξ, fc, fq, fs, fș, fσ'' /ftʰ, .../ || ''thb, thg'' /ðb~θp, ðg~θk/ || ''thp, thc, thq'' /θpʰ, θkʰ, θqʰ/ || ''wb, wd, wḑ, wģ, wλ'' /wb~wp, .../ || ''wp, wt, wț, wc̦, wξ, ws, wș, wσ'' /xʷpʰ, .../
+|| ''fd, fḑ, fģ, fλ, fg'' /vd~ft, .../ || ''ft, fț, fc̦, fξ, fc, fs, fș, fσ'' /ftʰ, .../ || ''thb, thg'' /ðb~θp, ðg~θk/ || ''thp, thc, thq'' /θpʰ, θkʰ, θqʰ/ || ''wb, wd, wḑ, wģ, wλ'' /wb~wp, .../ || ''wp, wt, wț, wc̦, wξ, ws, wș, wσ'' /xʷpʰ, .../
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Strong
-|| ''bd, bḑ, bģ, bλ, bg'' /pt, .../  || ''pt, pț, pc̦, pξ, pc, pq, ps, pș, pσ'' /ptʰ, .../ || ''db, dg'' /tp, tk/ || ''tp, tc, tq'' /tpʰ, tkʰ, tqʰ/ || ''gb, gd, gḑ, gģ, gλ'' /kp, .../ || ''cp, ct, cț, cc̦, cξ, cs, cș, cσ'' /kpʰ, .../<!--
+|| ''bd, bḑ, bģ, bλ, bg'' /pt, .../  || ''pt, pț, pc̦, pξ, pc, ps, pș, pσ'' /ptʰ, .../ || ''db, dg'' /tp, tk/ || ''tp, tc, tq'' /tpʰ, tkʰ, tqʰ/ || ''gb, gd, gḑ, gģ, gλ'' /kp, .../ || ''cp, ct, cț, cc̦, cξ, cs, cș, cσ'' /kpʰ, .../<!--
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Overlong
 || ''bdd, bḑḑ, bģģ, bλλ, bgg''  /hpt, .../ || ''ptt, pțț, pc̦c̦, pξξ, pcc, pqq, pss, pșș, pσσ'' /ʔptʰ, .../ || ''dbb, dgg'' /htp, htk/ || ''tpp, tcc, tqq'' /ʔtpʰ, ʔtkʰ, ʔtqʰ/ || ''gbb, gdd, gḑḑ, gģģ, gλλ'' /hkp, .../ || ''cpp, ctt, cțț, cc̦c̦, cξξ, css, cșș, cσσ'' /ʔkpʰ, .../-->
 |}
-The hypothetical ''qC~lC'' gradation has merged with ''llC~lC'' gradation into ''llC~qC~lC'' gradation.
 ====Sibilant-stop clusters====
@@ Line 142: / Line 183: @@
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Weak
-|| ''sp, st, sț, sξ, sc, sq'' /sp, st, sts, stʃ, stɬ, sk, sq/ || ''șp, șt, șc̦, șξ, șc, șq'' /ʃp, ʃt, ʃtʃ, ʃtɬ, ʃk, ʃq/ || ''łp, łt, łc, łq'' /ɬp, ɬt, ɬk, ɬq/
+|| ''sp, st, sț, sξ, sc'' /sp, st, sts, stʃ, stɬ, sk/ || ''șp, șt, șc̦, șξ, șc'' /ʃp, ʃt, ʃtʃ, ʃtɬ, ʃk/ || ''łp, łt, łc'' /ɬp, ɬt, ɬk/
 |-
 !style="width: 100px;"|Strong <!--= Overlong-->
-|| ''spp, stt, sțț, sξξ, scc, sqq'' /sːp, sːt, sːts, sːtɬ, sːk, sːq/ || ''șpp, ștt, șc̦c̦, șξξ, șcc, șqq'' /ʃːp, ʃːt, ʃːtʃ, ʃːtɬ, ʃːk, ʃːq/ || ''łpp, łtt, łcc, łqq'' /ɬːp, ɬːt, ɬːk, ɬːq/
+|| ''spp, stt, sțț, sξξ, scc'' /sːp, sːt, sːts, sːtɬ, sːk/ || ''șpp, ștt, șc̦c̦, șξξ, șcc'' /ʃːp, ʃːt, ʃːtʃ, ʃːtɬ, ʃːk/ || ''łpp, łtt, łcc'' /ɬːp, ɬːt, ɬːk/
 |}
@@ Line 153: / Line 194: @@
 ==Morphology==
 ===Nouns===
-Netagin has singular, dual, and plural numbers, and animate and inanimate genders. Some inanimates end in ''-ă'', which is cognate to the Shalaian honorific suffix ''-er''.
+Netagin has singular, dual, and plural numbers, and animate and inanimate genders. Some inanimates end in ''-ă'', which is cognate to the Shalaian honorific suffix ''-er''. They have three cases: nominative, accusative and genitive.
+Netagin nouns take the definite article ''pă'' and the specific article ''nă''.
-Netagin nouns take the definite article ''pă'' and the specific article ''nă''.
+{{col-begin}}
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
+|-
+|+ Soft-stem noun: ''reaıct'' /riekʰtʰ/ 'nightingale'
+|-
+! case
+! singular !! plural
+|-
+!nominative
+|''reaıct'' /riekʰtʰ/ || ''reaıwt'' /riexʷtʰ/
+|-
+!accusative
+|''reawt'' /reəxʷtʰ/ || ''reawtă'' /reəxʷtʰə/
+|-
+!genitive
+|''reaıwt'' /riexʷtʰ/ || ''reaıwtĭg'' /riexʷtʰɨk/
+|}
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
+|-
+|+ Hard-stem noun: ''șuarbm'' /ʃuəɾəpm/ 'stone'
+|-
+! case
+! singular !! plural
+|-
+!nominative
+|''șuarbm'' /ʃuəɾəpm/ || ''șuarm'' /ʃuəɾəm/
+|-
+!accusative
+|''șuarm'' /ʃuəɾəm/ || ''șuarmă'' /ʃuəɾəmə/
+|-
+!genitive
+|''șuarm'' /ʃuəɾəm/ || ''șuarmăg'' /ʃuəɾəmək/
+|}
+{{col-end}}
+===Declension===
 ====Possessive markers====
 Possessive markers have different forms depending on number and case.
@@ Line 226: / Line 305: @@
 ===Pronouns===
 ====Independent pronouns====
+====Pronominal suffixes====
+===Prepositions===
+As in German, prepositions govern specific cases and change their meanings depend on what case the noun is in
+Inflected prepositions sometimes have different froms depending on whether the object is accusative or dative.
 ===Verbs===
 ====Suffixes and stem changes====
@@ Line 239: / Line 324: @@
 ==Vocabulary==
 Shalaian as major loan source?
+[[Category:Idavic languages]]