Flei/Old draft: Difference between revisions

Flei/Old draft (view source)

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-{{list subpages}}
-'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''nə rhọb {{PAGENAME}}'' from ''*nàh ròpàh qéqèpàh'') is a classical language of ___. It's inspired by Old Irish, Tiberian Hebrew, and Vietnamese.
-== Phonology ==
-b d g għ q = /p t k {{qeth}} ʔ/;
-aspirated stops p t c k kħ;
-Spirants f θ x xħ ħ = /f θ x χ ħ/
-m n ŋ; ṁ ṅ ŋ̇ = /m n ŋ; v{{nas}} (lenis n) (lenis ŋ)/
-x s h = /ɬ ʃ h/
-b ƀ đ d y g ǥ = /v b(impl) d(impl) ð j ɣ (Eevo L)/
-r l rh /r l (flap)/
-hm hn hng hr voiceless resonants
-i ê e a o ô u = /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/; ă = shva na; ĕ = ultrashort e; iê uô
-Ultrashort vowels cannot carry independent tones
-tones: a á à ả ã ạ (mid~falling high low rising~dipping nga nang)
-=== Mutations ===
-# Lenition: m n ŋ p t c k kħ s v l r -> ṁ ṅ ŋ̇ b d y g għ h 0 l rh
-# L-coloring: m n ŋ p t c k kħ s v l r -> m l ŋ ƀ đ ǥ ǥ għ x l l r
-# Aspiration: m n ŋ p t c k kħ s v l r -> hm hn hŋ ph th ch kh ħ s ph x hr
-== Proto-language ==
-vowels: i e a o u; each mora had high and low tones
-allowed syllables: CV, CVn, CVh, CVl (CVnC becomes CV(sokuon)C as in Hebrew)
-Todo: Stress patterns for construct nouns and dependent verbs
-Consonants: m n ŋ p t c k q 2 s w l r y /m n ŋ p t k q{{adv}} q{{ret}} ʔ ʃ w l r j/
-Tone reflexes (' denotes stress):
-(these occur by moras with long vowels counting as 2 moras): 'á > á; 'à > à; 'á.á > ã; 'á.à > a; 'à.á > ả; 'à.à > ạ (This occurs before syncope)
-umlaut like in OIr
-== Morphology ==
-=== Nouns ===
-Nouns fall into 3 genders (human, animate and inanimate) and inflect for number (sg, du, pl) and case (abs erg gen lat loc voc). Possessed forms have unpredictable stems and comes from proto-forms that had a different stress pattern than absolute forms. The appropriate 3rd person possessed forms are used like construct state forms in possessive constructions.
-The locative is used with prepositions to indicate location and is the default prepositional case; when the lative is used the same prepositions indicate destination, and when the ergative is used they indicate "motion from".
-article nă + various mutations (also relativizer)
-==== Possessive prefixes ====
-===== Type 1 possession =====
-Type 1 possession is somewhat like inalienable possession. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''dependent'' form of the noun.
-* sèmpèŋàrán > sệpŋă-N 'body'
-* hísèmpèŋàrán > ispŋăr-N 'my body'
-* ŋusèmpèŋàrán > ŋùspŋăr-N 'thy body'
-* àsèmpèŋàrán > àspŋăr-N (animate)
-* ànsèmpèŋàrán > àspŋăr-N (inanimate)
-* láhisèmpèŋàrán > lispŋăr-N 'our body'
-* númasèmpèŋàrán > nospŋăr-N 'your body'
-* àlsèmpèŋàrán > àxpŋăr-N '3pl's body'
-===== Type 2 posssession =====
-Type 2 possession is the default possessive strategy. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''independent'' form of the noun.
-=== Adjectives ===
-Adjectives agree with nouns, def adjectives take the def article (bc Hebrew)
-=== Verbs ===
-Old Irish-style independent-dependent verbal allomorphy, which includes tone changes
-P{{PAGENAME}} rò.mátse, láh.ràmátse '3sg saves, 3sg does not save' --> ră:más, la:hrảmhăs
-productive redup
-==== Inflection ====
-Present tense forms of ''să·kumʰa'' '3sg remembers':
-{| class="wikitable"
-|-
-! Person  !! Primitive {{PAGENAME}} !! Underlying form !! {{PAGENAME}} surface form
-|-
-| 1SG || ''so.kúmpa-sa-t(í), .sòkúmpa-sa-t(í)'' || ''să·kommpṡẻ, ·sủgmbẻ'' || ''să·kumʰẻ, ·sủmmẻ''
-|-
-| 2SG || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ŋ(u), ·sòkúmpa-sa-ŋ(u)'' || ''să·kommpṡəŋ, ·sủgmbəŋ'' || ''să·kumʰụ, ·sủmmụ''
-|-
-| 3SG || ''so·kúmpa-sáse, ·sòkúmpa-sáse'' || ''să·kommpṡa, ·sủgmba'' || ''să·kumʰa, ·sủmma''
-|-
-| 1PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-lehi, ·sòkúmpa-sa-lehi'' || ''să·kommpṡlə̣j, ·sủgmblə̣j'' || ''să·kumʰlị, ·sủmlị''
-|-
-| 2PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-numa, ·sòkúmpa-sa-numa'' || ''să·kommpṡnăm, ·sủgmbnăm'' || ''să·kumʰnăm, ·sủmnăm''
-|-
-| 3PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ro, ·sòkúmpa-sa-ro'' || ''să·kommpṡər, ·sủgmbər'' || ''să·kumʰăr, ·sủmmăr''
-|}
-== Syntax ==
-VOS, head-initial
-question particle să-L