Linguifex

User:IlL/Spare pages 1/45: Difference between revisions

User page Discussion

User:IlL/Spare pages 1/45 (view source)

Revision as of 01:03, 10 May 2023

2,942 bytes added ,  10 May 2023
m
IlL moved page User:IlL/Spare pages 1-99/45 to User:IlL/Spare pages 1/45 without leaving a redirect
m (IlL moved page User:IlL/Spare pages 1-99/45 to User:IlL/Spare pages 1/45 without leaving a redirect)
 
(248 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
:''For the family of Quihum languages, see [[Wiebian]].''
:[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Lexicon]]
:[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Swadesh list]]


{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|image =  
|image =  
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = Nkahn Wiobe
|nativename = ''Wiob-Nkahn''
|pronunciation = [ᵑkaːn wiobə]
|pronunciation= /wiob ᵑgaːn/
|region = Wiebermein
|familycolor=wb
|setting = Hussmauch
|fam1= [[Wiobic languages|Wiobic]]
|states =
|script={{PAGENAME}} script
|speakers =
|iso3=
|date =
|notice=IPA
|familycolor=Tai-Kadai
|fam1=[[Tie–Dye languages|Tie–Dye]]
|fam2=[[Dye languages|Dye]]
|script=Wiebian (Latin) script
}}
}}
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''wee-OH-bee-ən''; ''Wiobem-Nkahn'' or colloquially ''Wiob-Nkahn'') is a conlang loosely inspired by Old High German, Old English and Khmer.


'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a language in the [[Tie-Dye languages|Tie-Dye]] family. It's inspired by my older draft of [[Ancient Wiebian]], titled "Wiobian".
Numbers: ßoz, klie, skah, moj, fah, ies, nteht, nuot, ngaht, ziu


''ßan, eir, buhz, jåhnß, ßengeŕ, zkühnt, ntöü, nuot, ngiet, sråht'' [san, eir, ɓuːc, jɔːⁿs, ˈseŋəɹ, ckyːⁿt, ⁿdøy, nuət, ŋiət, çrɔːt]
''ma'' = negative


''dei'' = 'land' (< ''kataay''?)
''nkelei Piontels je Bojels.'' = I speak of love and hate.


y-, r- > s?
''Plünkßne'' = feather
==Idea==
A "Sinospheric Finnish", or "Chinese with cases"


ly, ny > j
==Phonology==
 
===Orthography===
rn, rt, rnt, rl > ń, z, ńz, ŕ
Wiobian is written in an orthography created by King Kait Niumer (modern Wiobian: ''Houger Niumer Kait''; ''Kait'' is the family name).
 
ʟ > g
 
tj, ntj > ß, nß
 
rr > r
 
q > q /ʔ/
 
nq > ng
 
ʀ > h


in wiobian Orthography, only Nouns are capitalized; first Words in Sentences are not capitalized unless they are Nouns.


==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;"
|+ '''Wiobium Chloride consonants'''
! colspan="2"|
! colspan="2"|
! | Labial
! | Labial
Line 54: Line 40:
! | Medial
! | Medial
! | Velar
! | Velar
! | Lab.vel.
! | Glottal
! | Glottal
|-
|-
Line 59: Line 46:
| '''m''' /m/
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
| '''n''' /n/
| '''ń''' /ɲˁ/
| '''nj''' /ɲ/
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
Line 69: Line 57:
| '''z''' /c/
| '''z''' /c/
| '''k''' /k/
| '''k''' /k/
| '''qu''' /kʷ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
Line 74: Line 63:
| '''mp''' /ᵐb/
| '''mp''' /ᵐb/
| '''nt''' /ⁿd/
| '''nt''' /ⁿd/
| '''ńz''' /ᶮɟ/
| '''nz''' /ᶮɟ/
| '''nk''' /ᵑg/
| '''nk''' /ᵑg/
| '''nqu''' /ᵑgʷ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
! | <small>implosive</small>
! | <small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /ɓ~b/
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /ɗ~d/
| '''d''' /d/
| '''dj''' /ɟ/
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 87: Line 78:
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! | <small>plain</small>
! | <small>plain</small>
|  
| '''f''' /f~v/
| '''ß''' /s~z/
| '''ß''' /s~z/<br/>'''th''' /θ~ð/
| '''s''' /ç~ʝ/
| '''s''' /ç~ʝ/
| '''g''' /x~ɣ/
| '''g''' /x~ɣ/
| '''hw''' /ʍ/
| '''h''' /h/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
|-
! | <small>prenasalized</small>
! | <small>prenasalized</small>
| '''mf''' /ᵐv/
| '''nß''' /ⁿz/
|  
|  
| '''nß''' /ⁿz/
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 102: Line 95:
! colspan="2" |Liquid
! colspan="2" |Liquid
|
|
| '''r''' /r/; '''l''' /l/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''ŕ''' /ɹ/
| '''r''' /ɹ/
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
! colspan="2" |Approximant
| '''w''' /w/
|  
|  
|  
| '''j''' /j/
| '''j''' /j/
|  
|  
| '''w''' /w/
|  
|  
|}
|}
Line 117: Line 112:
;Notes
;Notes
*Voiceless plosives are ''not'' aspirated.
*Voiceless plosives are ''not'' aspirated.
*/ᵐb ⁿd ᶮɟ ᵑg/ devoice to [ᵐp ⁿt ᶮc ᵑk] word-finally.
*/b d ɟ/ are often realized as implosives.
*The fricatives ''ß s g'' are voiced intervocalically.
*The fricatives ''ß s g'' are voiced intervocalically.
*Gemination is phonemic.
*In Modern Wiobian, '''s''' in '''sC-''' inital clusters are pronounced /x/.
*In Old Wiobian, '''r''' was [r], an alveolar trill.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
Wiobium Chloride has short and long versions of the following monophthongs (except for /ə/ which only occurs in unstressed syllables). Long vowels are marked with a following ''h''.
{{PAGENAME}} has short and long versions of the following monophthongs (except for /ə/ which only occurs in unstressed syllables). Long vowels can be marked with a following ''h''. Word-finally, vowels (except schwa) are long even without a following ''h''.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
! | &nbsp;
! | &nbsp;
Line 154: Line 152:
|}
|}


Diphthongs: '''ai au ei öü ou ia ie io iu üö uo'''
Diphthongs: '''ai au ei öü ou ie io iu üö uo'''


===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====


Most of the time, the stress falls on the first syllable. Exceptions are sesquisyllables that result from epenthesis of initial consonant clusters.
Most of the time, the stress falls on the first syllable. Exceptions are verb prefixes and sesquisyllables.


====Intonation====
====Intonation====
Line 165: Line 163:
===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===


The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C), where V can be a vowel or a diphthong.
The syllable structure is usually (C)(C)V(C)s, where V can be a vowel or a diphthong.
 
===Morphophonology===


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
===Pronouns===
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
|-
|+ ''Nßäht'' 'tree'
|-
!scope="row"|Nominative
|colspan="2"|''Nßäht''
|-
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtem''
|-
!| Illative
|colspan=2|''Nßähter''
|-
!scope="row"|Inessive
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtel''
|-
!scope="row"|Elative
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtels''
|-
!scope="row"|Allative/Dative
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtene''
|-
!scope="row"|Adessive
|colspan="2"|''Nßähten''
|-
|-
!colspan="4" | Pronouns
!scope="row"|Ablative
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtens''
|-
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!scope="row"|Instrumental/Comitative
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtemp''
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
|-
!|1
!scope="row"|Essive
|''nkohz''
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtez''
|''tahj''
|-
|-
!|2
!scope="row"|Translative
|''ung''
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtenk''
|''wänn''
|-
|-
!|3
!scope="row"|Abessive
|colspan="2"|''-''
|colspan="2"|''Nßähtmakk''
|}
|}


===Verbs===
Plurals are formed with ''nto'', so: ''nto Nßäht'' (trees), ''nto Nßähtem'' (of trees), ...
====Subject affixes====
 
Old {{PAGENAME}} used ''-er'' as an accusative and ''-el'' for both the illative and inessive.
 
===Article===
 
The equivalent of the definite article in {{PAGENAME}} is a classifier (as in Hmong), but it's placed after the noun and carries the case marker. The noun before a classifier is prescriptively in the genitive case, but it's often dropped.
 
* ''Nßäht kothem'' (presc. and in older {{PAGENAME}} ''Nßähtem kothem'') 'of the tree'
* ''Nßähtem'' 'of a tree'


===Pronouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|-
|-
!colspan="4" | Subject affixes
!colspan="4" | Pronouns
|-
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 50px; "|
Line 204: Line 230:
|-
|-
!|1
!|1
|''nke-''
|''si''
|''te-''
|''tahs''
|-
|-
!|2
!|2
|''eng-''
|''mei''
|''le-''
|''wäll''
|-
|-
!|3
!|3
|colspan="2"|''-''
|''mpa'' (animate), ''mpi'' (inanimate)
|''ntompa'' (animate), ''ntompi'' (inanimate)
|}
|}
Case suffixes attach to ''si-, tah-, mei-,'' and ''wäh-'' respectively:
''sim Mpahng'' = my hand;
''sils'' = from me; about me
===Verbs===
Verbs don't inflect.
Action nouns are formed with the suffix ''-(e)me'', from the genitive clitic followed by an eroded form of ''ion'' (to do). For example: ''Leime'' = speaking
===Ideophones===
Like Japanese and Korean, Wiobian uses ideophones. Ideophones may be used both informally and formally.
*''nungnung'' 'enormous'
*''behdgehd'' 'of slow and reluctant action'
*''ntåkpdåk'' 'hustle and bustle; of hurrying'
*''ngolmol'' 'of boiling liquid'
*''quorquär'' 'of anxiety'
*''klah'' 'ta-da!'
*''jaz'' 'of tightness and security; of exactness'
**e.g. ''jaz skahb'' 'exactly three; just three'
*''nquäh'' 'vaguely, without much effort; approximately'
*''djring'' 'zoom, of an engine noise'
*''ziekziok'' 'in small steps'
Ideophones are often used as adjectives or adverbs. Example:
:''Mpeid tei quorquär.''
:this COP ~ANXIETY
:This makes me feel uneasy.
===Derivational morphology===
*''-ed'' = agentive
*''be-'' = applicative
*''en-'' = passive/reflexive
*''deß-'' = causative
==Syntax==
The unmarked word order in {{PAGENAME}} is SVO. Due to the influence of [[Tsjoen]], Modern {{PAGENAME}} is quite strict about it (though objects could be fronted for emphasis).
Serial verbs are also common in {{PAGENAME}}; all verbs but the last in a serial verb chain are in the ablative.
''mpa fiuntens lei.'' = He came and spoke.


[[Category:Tie-Dye languages]][[Category:Pseudo-Germanic]]
[[Category:Pseudo-Germanic]]
[[Category:Languages]]
IlL
138,759

edits

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/70974...305380"