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{{List subpages}} | {{List subpages}} | ||
''' | '''Eliaká''' (Ελιιακά) or '''Eliačíe hlôssa''' (Ελιιακή γλώσσα /ɛʎɪ̯ɐˈt͡ʂɪ̯ɛ ˈɦɫʊ̯ɔsɐ/) is a Hellenic language (a descendent of quasi-Koiné Greek) inspired mainly by Portuguese and secondarily by Slovak and Russian. It is the third most populous Hellenic language in the Irta timeline. | ||
Initial r, rr, r in front of i/j > Czech ř | Initial r, rr, r in front of i/j > Czech ř | ||
Numbers: | Numbers: | ||
# m: εις ''his'' /ɪʃ/ f: μνια '' | # m: εις ''his'' /ɪʃ/ f: μνια ''mnia'' /mɲɪ̯ɐ/ n: εμ ''hem'' /ɛũ/ | ||
# διου ''diu'' /dʐu/ | # διου ''diu'' /dʐu/ | ||
# τρεις ''třis'' /tr̝iʃ/ | # τρεις ''třis'' /tr̝iʃ/ | ||
Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
== | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | ||
=== | ! rowspan="2" | | ||
! colspan="2" | [[Front vowel|Front]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- class=small | |||
! short | |||
! long | |||
! short | |||
! long | |||
|- | |||
! align="left" | [[Close vowel|Close]] | |||
| align="center" | i̞ | |||
| align="center" | i̞ː | |||
| align="center" | u̞ | |||
| align="center" | u̞ː | |||
|- | |||
! align="left" | [[Mid vowel|Mid]] | |||
| align="center" | e̞ | |||
| align="center" | (e̞ː) | |||
| align="center" | ɔ | |||
| align="center" | (ɔː) | |||
|- | |||
! align="left" | [[Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| align="center" | | |||
| | |||
| align="center" | ɐ | |||
| align="center" | ɐː | |||
|- | |||
! align="left" | [[Diphthong]]s | |||
| colspan="4" align="center" | (ɪu) ɪe ɪɐ ʊɔ | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | |||
|+ Slovak consonant phonemes | |||
! colspan="3" | | |||
! [[Labial consonant|Labial]] | |||
! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] | |||
! [[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]] | |||
! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] | |||
! [[Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
| m | |||
| n | |||
| | |||
| ɲ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]] | |||
! [[voicelessness|voiceless]] | |||
| p | |||
| t | |||
| | |||
| c | |||
| k | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]] | |||
| b | |||
| d | |||
| | |||
| ɟ | |||
| ɡ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]] | |||
! [[voicelessness|voiceless]] | |||
| | |||
| ts | |||
| tʂ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]] | |||
| | |||
| dz | |||
| dʐ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
! [[voicelessness|voiceless]] | |||
| f | |||
| s | |||
| ʂ | |||
| | |||
| x | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]] | |||
|ʋ|v | |||
| z | |||
| ʐ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ɦ | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" | [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | |||
! colspan="2" | plain | |||
| | | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| j | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | [[Lateral consonant|lateral]] | |||
! short | |||
| | |||
| ɫ|l | |||
| | |||
| ʎ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! [[gemination|geminated]] | |||
| | |||
| ɫ|lː | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Trill consonant|Trill]] | |||
! short | |||
| | |||
| r | |||
| | |||
| r{{raised}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! [[gemination|geminated]] | |||
| | |||
| rː | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
== Morphology == | |||
=== Nouns === | |||
Elicá kept only two cases, nominative and genitive/accusative; it merged the genitive and the accusative but kept some of the old accusative forms (compared to [[Ašča]], which kept the nominative, genitive and vocative). However, Elicá preserves the neuter gender unlike [[Ašča]]. Possession is indicated with για ''ža'' (from AGr δια), and ''definite'' accusative objects are marked with σ- or στ- before the definite article. | |||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
{| class=" | -tem comes from -te hymeis | ||
|+ ''''' | ==== Consonant verbs ==== | ||
! voice !! tense || ''gô'' || ''si'' || ''outós/ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | ||
|+ γράφω ''hráfu'' 'I write' | |||
! voice !! tense || γω || συ || αυτός/αυτή || μεις || υς || αυτοί/αυτής | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" |active !! present | |||
| γράφω /'ɦrɐfʊ/ || γράφεις /'ɦrɐfɪʂ/ || γράφει /'ɦrɐfɪ/ || γράφομει /'ɦrɐfʊmɪ/ || γράφειτει /'ɦrɐfɪcɪ/ || γράφουσ /'ɦrɐfʊs/ | |||
|- | |||
! subjunctive | |||
| γράψω /'ɦrɐpsʊ/ || γράψεις /'ɦrɐpsɪʂ/ || γράψει /'ɦrɐpsɪ/ || γράψουμει /'ɦrɐpsʊmɪ/ || γράψειτει /'ɦrɐpsɪcɪ/ || γράψουσ /'ɦrɐpsʊs/ | |||
|- | |||
! past | |||
| έγραψα /'jɛɦrɐpsɐ/ || έγραψας /'jɛɦrɐpsɐʂ/ || έγραψε /'jɛɦrɐpsɪ/ || εγράψαμει /jɪɦ'rɐpsɐmɪ/ || εγράψατει /jiɦ'rapsɐcɪ/ || έγραψασ /'jɛɦrɐpsɐs/ | |||
|} | |||
==== ''a''-contracted verbs ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ αγαπάμ ''agapám'' 'to love' | |||
! voice !! tense || ''gô'' || ''si'' || ''outós/outê'' || ''mís'' || ''ís'' || ''outí/outés'' | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" |active !! present | |||
| αγαπάω ''agapáo'' /əgɐ'pau/ || αγαπάεις ''agapáis'' /əgɐ'paɪʃ/ || αγαπάει ''agapái'' /əgɐ'paɪ/ || αγαπάμε ''agapáme'' /əgɐ'pamɪ/ || αγαπάτεμ ''agapátem'' /əgɐ'patʂɪ̃/ || αγαπάσ ''agapáß'' /əgɐ'pas/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! subjunctive | ||
| '' | | αγαπήσω ''agapêso'' /əgɐ'piəsu/ || αγαπήσεις ''agapêsis'' /əgɐ'piəsɪʃ/ || αγαπήσει ''agapêsi'' /əgɐ'piəsɪ/ || αγαπήσουμε ''agapêsume'' /əgɐ'piəsʊmɪ/ || αγαπήσετεμ ''agapêsetem'' /əgɐ'piəsɪtʂɪ̃/ || αγαπήσουσ ''agapêsuß'' /əgɐ'piəsʊs/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! past | ||
| ''agapêca'' /əgɐ'piəkə/ || ''agapêcas'' /əgɐ'piəkəʃ/ || ''agapêce'' /əgɐ'piətʃɪ/ || ''agapêcame'' /əgɐ'piəkəmɪ/ || '' | | αγαπήκα ''agapêca'' /əgɐ'piəkə/ || αγαπήκας ''agapêcas'' /əgɐ'piəkəʃ/ || αγαπήκε ''agapêce'' /əgɐ'piətʃɪ/ || αγαπήκαμε ''agapêcame'' /əgɐ'piəkəmɪ/ || αγαπήκατεμ ''agapêcatem'' /əgɐ'piəkətʂɪ̃/ || αγαπήκασ ''agapêcaß'' /əgɐ'piəkɐs/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Hellenic languages]] | [[Category:Hellenic languages]] | ||
{{IE|}} | {{IE|}} |
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