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Hondish: Difference between revisions

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Hondish (view source)

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|name = Hondish
|name = Hondish
|nativename = Onnezearag
|nativename = Onnezearag
|pronunciation = onəzea̯rak
|pronunciation = onəzeə̯rak
|creator = [[User:Uspesny mekkys]]
|creator = [[User:Uspesny mekkys]]


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| [n] ⟨n⟩
| [n] ⟨n⟩
| style="border-style: solid solid none solid;background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="border-style: solid solid none solid;background: #F5F5F5;" |
| [ɲ] ⟨ņ⟩ || [ŋ] ⟨ng, ngh⟩
| [ɲ] ⟨ņ⟩ || [ŋ] ⟨ng⟩
| rowspan=3 style="background: #F5F5F5;"|
| rowspan=3 style="background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
|-
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| [b] ⟨b⟩  
| [b] ⟨b⟩  
| [d] ⟨d⟩
| [d] ⟨d⟩
| [g] ⟨gh⟩
| [g] ⟨g⟩
|-
|-
! rowspan=2 | '''Fricative'''
! rowspan=2 | '''Fricative'''
Line 85: Line 85:
| [z] ⟨z⟩
| [z] ⟨z⟩
| [ʒ] ⟨zc⟩
| [ʒ] ⟨zc⟩
| [ɣ] ⟨g⟩
| ([ɣ] ⟨g⟩)
| style="border-style: none none none none;background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="border-style: none none none none;background: #F5F5F5;" |
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! rowspan=2 | '''High'''
! rowspan=2 | '''High'''
| rowspan=2 | [ɪ]
| rowspan=2 | [ɪ] ⟨i⟩
| [iː]
| [ei̯] ⟨ÿ⟩
| rowspan=2 | [ʏ]
| rowspan=2 | [ʏ] ⟨y⟩
| [yː]
| [øy̯] ⟨ye⟩
| rowspan=2 | [ʉ]
| rowspan=2 | [ʉ] ⟨u⟩
| [ʉː]
| [æʉ̯] ⟨au⟩
| rowspan=2 | [ɯ]
| rowspan=2 | [ɯ] ⟨eu⟩
| [ɯː]
| [ɯi̯] ⟨ei⟩
| rowspan=2 | [ʊ]
| rowspan=2 | [ʊ] ⟨o⟩
| [ou̯]
| ([uː] ⟨ôe⟩)
|-
|-
| [ei̯]
| [iː] ⟨ie⟩
| [øy̯]
| [yː] ⟨ŷe⟩
| [æʉ̯]
| [ʉː] ⟨ue⟩
| [ɯi̯]
| [ɯː] ⟨êu⟩
| ([uː])
| [ou̯] ⟨ou⟩
|-
|-
! rowspan=2 | '''Mid'''
! rowspan=2 | '''Mid'''
| rowspan=2 | [e]
| rowspan=2 | [e] ⟨e⟩
| [i̯e]
| [i̯e] ⟨ee⟩
| rowspan=2 | [ø]
| rowspan=2 | [ø] ⟨ø⟩
| [y̯ø]
| [y̯ø] ⟨øe⟩
| rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| rowspan=2 | [o]
| rowspan=2 | [o] ⟨o⟩
| [ou̯]
| [u̯o] ⟨oe⟩
|-
|-
| ([eː])
| ([eː] ⟨êe⟩)
| ([øː])
| ([øː] ⟨ø̂e⟩)
| ([oː])
| ([oː] ⟨ôe⟩)
|-
|-
! '''Low'''
! '''Low'''
| [æ]
| [æ] ⟨a, æ⟩
| [æː]
| [æː] ⟨ae, æ⟩
| colspan=6 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| colspan=6 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| [a]
| [a] ⟨a⟩
| [aː]
| [aː] ⟨ae⟩
|}
|}


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! a
! a
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| [ai̯]
| [ai̯] ⟨ai⟩
| [au̯]
| [au̯] ⟨au⟩
|-
|-
! e
! e
| [eə̯]
| [eə̯] ⟨ea⟩
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| [eu̯]
| [eu̯] ⟨eü⟩
|-
|-
! o
! o
| [oə̯]
| [oə̯] ⟨oa⟩
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|}
|}
Line 241: Line 241:
|-
|-
! '''High'''
! '''High'''
| [i]
| [i] ⟨i⟩
| [y]
| [y] ⟨y⟩
| [ʉ]
| [ʉ] ⟨u⟩
| [ɯ]
| [ɯ] ⟨eu⟩
| [u]
| [u] ⟨o⟩
|-
|-
! '''Mid'''
! '''Mid'''
| [e]
| [e] ⟨e⟩
| [ø]
| [ø] ⟨ø⟩
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| [o]
| ([o] ⟨o⟩)
|-
|-
! '''Low'''
! '''Low'''
| [æ]
| [æ] ⟨a, æ⟩
| rowspan=2 colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| rowspan=2 colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| [a]
| [a] ⟨a⟩
|-
|-
! '''Dipththongs'''
! '''Dipththongs'''
| [ai̯]
| [ai̯] ⟨ai⟩
| [au̯]
| [au̯] ⟨au⟩
|}
|}


Line 271: Line 271:
|-
|-
! '''High'''
! '''High'''
| [ɪ]
| [ɪ] ⟨i⟩
| [ʉ]
| [ʉ] ⟨u⟩
|-
|-
! '''Mid'''
! '''Mid'''
| [ə]
| [ə] ⟨e⟩
| [ɵ]
| [ɵ] ⟨o⟩
|-
|-
! '''Low'''
! '''Low'''
| colspan=2 | [ɐ]
| colspan=2 | [ɐ] ⟨a⟩
|}
|}


===[[w:Consonant_mutation|Consonant mutations]]===


===Prosody===
Like other Celtic languages, Hondish initial consonants also undergo mutations. These mutations were originally triggerred by largely predictable assimilations at the borders of words and affixes. However, subsequent phonological changes often obscured the triggers of these mutations, leaving their triggering to morphology and syntax.
====Stress====
 
====Intonation====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Native initials
|-
! '''Radical'''
! '''Lenition'''
! '''Nasalisation'''
! '''Aspiration'''
|-
| p || b || m || f
|-
| b || v || m || v
|-
| t || d || n || θ
|-
| ts || z || ɲ || θj
|-
| d || ð || n || ð
|-
| z || ðj || ɲ || ðj
|-
| k || g || ŋ || x
|-
| tʃ || ʒ || ŋj || xj
|-
|  rowspan=2 | h
| w || ŋ || w (ɣ)
|-
| ∅ || n
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| ʒ || j || ŋj || j (ɣj)
|-
| ð || j || n || dj
|-
| w
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| gw
|-
| ɥ
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| gɥ
|-
| l
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| hl
|-
| ʎ
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| hʎ
|-
| ɹ
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| hɹ
|-
| f || v || v
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| hj || j || ɲ
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| x || w || ŋ
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| ʃ || j || ŋj
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| θ || ð
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| m || colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| n || colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| ɲ || colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| V
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| n-V ||h-V
|}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Loan word initials
|-
! '''Radical'''
! '''Lenition'''
! '''Nasalisation'''
! '''Aspiration'''
|-
| j
| style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
| ɲ || dj
|-
| s || z
| colspan=2 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| z || colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
| v || colspan=3 style="border-style: none none none none ;background: #F5F5F5;"|
|-
 
|}


===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
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