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Ish: Difference between revisions
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===Syntax=== | ===Syntax=== | ||
The basic word order in sentences with a pronominal participant is VOS (verb-object-subject) where the object is preceded by a particle expressing whether it is direct or indirect, the latter | The basic word order in sentences with a pronominal participant is VOS (verb-object-subject) where the object is preceded by a particle expressing whether it is direct or indirect, the latter also requiring a prefix on the verb. | ||
<div | <div class="ash-columns"> | ||
<div class="ash-column"> | |||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|daci dayyi}} | |phrase={{ash|daci dayyi}} | ||
| Line 202: | Line 203: | ||
}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div | <div class="ash-column"> | ||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|addoȹo dayyi}} | |phrase={{ash|addoȹo dayyi}} | ||
| Line 208: | Line 209: | ||
|IPA=[ˈat̚.tɒ.bᶭɒ ˈtaj.ji] | |IPA=[ˈat̚.tɒ.bᶭɒ ˈtaj.ji] | ||
|gloss=NDIR-enter=NDIR fire=PROX | |gloss=NDIR-enter=NDIR fire=PROX | ||
|translation=I | |translation=I entered by the fire. | ||
}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | |||
Particles and determiners are both clitics that attach to the preceding word and may change its exact form or even surface merely as a change in stress. They are therefore romanised as part of the word to which they are attached. Roots therefore appear to have many allomorphs depending on the grammatical context. | Particles and determiners are both clitics that attach to the preceding word and may change its exact form or even surface merely as a change in stress. They are therefore romanised as part of the word to which they are attached. Roots therefore appear to have many allomorphs depending on the grammatical context. | ||
<div | <div class="ash-columns"> | ||
<div class="ash-column"> | |||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|nẽɱo qayi}} | |phrase={{ash|nẽɱo qayi}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div | <div class="ash-column"> | ||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|nĩŋi qayí}} | |phrase={{ash|nĩŋi qayí}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | |||
This also happens to verbs. | This also happens to verbs. | ||
<div | <div class="ash-columns"> | ||
<div class="ash-column"> | |||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|attayáti dow}} | |phrase={{ash|attayáti dow}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div | <div class="ash-column"> | ||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|attayáti dayyi}} | |phrase={{ash|attayáti dayyi}} | ||
| Line 255: | Line 258: | ||
}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | |||
Note also that these two examples showcase an impersonal verb with different syntactic requirements than a regular verb. | Note also that these two examples showcase an impersonal verb with different syntactic requirements than a regular verb. | ||
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Another example is the following minimal pair: | Another example is the following minimal pair: | ||
<div | <div class="ash-columns"> | ||
<div class="ash-column"> | |||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|attayáti}} | |phrase={{ash|attayáti}} | ||
| Line 270: | Line 274: | ||
}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div | <div class="ash-column"> | ||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
|phrase={{ash|attayatí}} | |phrase={{ash|attayatí}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | |||