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Fransáes: Difference between revisions
→Syllable Structure
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====Syllable Structure==== | ====Syllable Structure==== | ||
* | * (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C) | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Fransáes has | Fransáes has fourteen grammatical cases: Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental, Comitative, Causal, Locative, Ablative, Sublative, Elative, Illative, Terminative and Temporal | ||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:900px; text-align:center;" | ||
! | ! | ||
! Function | |||
! Marking | |||
! English example | |||
! Francáes example | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
| Subject of finite verb | |||
| N/A | |||
| "''The cat'' eats" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh'' | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | ! Accusative | ||
| Object of transitive verb | |||
| -u | |||
| "The cat eats ''rice''" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh riu'' | |||
|- | |||
! Vocative | |||
| Addressee | |||
| -an | |||
| "Hello, ''Jean!''" | |||
| ''Búnzhu, Zhánan!'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| Indirect object; '''to''' | |||
| -a | |||
| "The cat eats rice under ''the table''" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh riu su lu tablá | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| Possessor of noun; '''of''' | |||
| -du | |||
| "The leg ''of the table''" | |||
| ''Lu zhomb lu tablódu'' | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
! | | Means of performing a verb; '''using''' | ||
! Causal- | | -(ut)ili | ||
| "The cat eats rice ''using a fork''" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh riu fushétili'' | |||
|- | |||
! Comitative | |||
| Accompaniment to subject; '''with''' | |||
| -av | |||
| "The cat walks ''with the food''" | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Causal | |||
| The reason for a verb; '''for''' | |||
| -pu | |||
| "The cat walks to the kitchen ''for rice''" | |||
| ''Lu sha mash lu kvísina rípu'' | |||
|- | |||
! Locative | ! Locative | ||
| General physical position; '''by''' | |||
| -pa | |||
| "The cat eats ''by the table''" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh lu tablópa'' | |||
|- | |||
! Ablative | ! Ablative | ||
| Movement from; '''from''' | |||
| -dupvi | |||
| "The cat walks ''away from the table''" | |||
| ''Lu sha mash lu tablódupvi'' | |||
|- | |||
! Sublative | ! Sublative | ||
| Movement toward; '''toward''' | |||
| -ve | |||
| "The cat walks ''toward the table''" | |||
| Lu sha mash lu tablóve'' | |||
|- | |||
! Elative | ! Elative | ||
| Movement from; '''out of''' | |||
| -duo | |||
| "The cat walks ''out of the kitchen''" | |||
| ''Lu sha mash lu kvízinduo'' | |||
|- | |||
! Illative | ! Illative | ||
| Movement toward; '''into''' | |||
| -don | |||
| "The cat walks ''into the kitchen''" | |||
| ''Lu sha mash lu kvízindon'' | |||
|- | |||
! Terminative | ! Terminative | ||
| Limit of; '''until''' | |||
| -zhuska | |||
| "The cat has ''until noon'' to eat" | |||
| ''Lu sha a mídizhuska mónzhe'' | |||
|- | |||
! Temporal | ! Temporal | ||
| Location of time; '''at''' | |||
| -on | |||
| "The cat eats ''at eleven''" | |||
| ''Lu sha monzh únzon'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||