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''' | '''Old Glommish''' is a special register of Glommish used in Glommish theater to represent characters in ancient times. | ||
==Morphology== | |||
=== Article === | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ '''Definite article''' | |||
! rowspan=2 | case || colspan=3 | singular || colspan="3" | plural | |||
=== | |||
{|class=" | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | ! m. || f. || n. || m. || f. || n. | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! nom. | ||
| ''' | | ''sa'' || ''sá'' || ''that'' || ''thy'' || ''thá'' || ''thá'' | ||
| ''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! acc. | ||
| ''than'' || ''thá'' || ''that'' || ''tho'' || ''thár'' || ''thá'' | |||
| ''' | |||
| ''' | |||
| ''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! dat. | ||
| ''' | | ''tham'' || ''thyre'' || ''tham'' | ||
| '' | |colspan=3| ''thym'' | ||
| | |||
| '' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! gen. | ||
| ''' | | ''thas'' || ''thyrar'' || ''thas'' | ||
| '' | |colspan=3| ''thyra'' | ||
| '' | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | o-stem: ''wulfъ'' (m.) 'wolf' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
| ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfa'' | | ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfa'' | ||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfo'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| '' | | ''wulfe'' || ''wulfъm'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
| '' | | ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfъm'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | o-stem: ''jukъ'' (n.) 'yoke' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Nominative | ! Nominative/Accusative | ||
| ''jukъ'' || ''juka'' | | ''jukъ'' || ''juka'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| '' | | ''juke'' || ''jukъm'' | ||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| ''jukъ'' || ''jukъm'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | eh2-stem: ''gefъ'' (f.) 'gift' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''gefъ'' || ''gefa'' | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| ''gefa'' || ''gefa'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''gefa'' || ''gefa'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''gefe'' || ''gefam'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
| '' | | ''gefъ'' || ''gefam'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | eh2-stem: ''gēfa'' (f.) 'gift' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
| '' | | ''gēfa'' || ''gēfan'' | ||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| ''gēfan'' || ''gēfan'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| '' | | ''gēfan'' || ''gēfana'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| '' | | ''gēfan'' || ''gēfam'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Instrumental | ! Instrumental | ||
| '' | | ''gēfan'' || ''gēfam'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Nominative | ! Nominative | ||
| ''gastь'' || '' | | ''gastь'' || ''gasti'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| '' | | ''gastьs'' || ''gastьja'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| ''gasti'' || ''gastьmъ'' | | ''gasti'' || ''gastьmъ'' | ||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''gastь'' (m.) 'guest' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''gastь'' || ''gasti'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''gastьs'' || ''gastьja'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Dative | ||
| ''gasti'' || '' | | ''gasti'' || ''gastьmъ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| '' | | ''marьs'' || ''marьja'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| ''mari'' || ''marьmъ'' | | ''mari'' || ''marьmъ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| ''suni'' || ''sunъmъ'' | | ''suni'' || ''sunъmъ'' | ||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | C-stem: ''burgь'' (f.) 'fortification' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''burgь'' || ''burgir'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''burgir'' || ''burga'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''burgi'' || ''burgъmъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | z-stem: ''lambъ'' (m.) 'lamb' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''lambъ'' || ''lambьra'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''lambьrь'' || ''lambьra'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Dative | ||
| '' | | ''lambьrь'' || ''lambьrъmъ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | an- | ! colspan="3" | an-stem: ''auga'' (n.) 'eye' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| ''augьnь'' || '' | | ''augьnь'' || ''augъna'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| ''augьnь'' || ''augъmmъ'' | | ''augьnь'' || ''augъmmъ'' | ||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | n-stem: ''harpa'' (f.) 'harp' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
| '' | ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | ||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''harpa'' || ''harpanь'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''harpanь'' || ''harpana'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''harpanь'' || ''harpamъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | n-stem: ''burþi'' (f.) 'birth' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''burþi'' || ''burþinь'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''burþinь'' || ''burþina'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''burþinь'' || ''burþimъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan="3" | r-stem: ''fader'' (m.) 'father' | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular | |||
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| ''fader'' || ''fadrь'' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| ''fadъr'' || ''fadra'' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| ''fadrь'' || ''fadrъmъ'' | |||
|} | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
====Weak==== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ '''''leufanъ'' 'to love'''' | |||
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija'' | |||
|- | |||
! present indicative | |||
| ''leufa'' || ''leufasь'' || ''leufaþь'' || ''leufamъ'' || ''leufaþ'' || ''leufanþь'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''leufa'' || ''leufas'' || ''leufa'' || ''leufam'' || ''leufaþ'' || ''leufan'' | |||
|- | |||
! past | |||
| ''leufada'' || ''leufadest'' || ''leufade'' || ''leufadedъm'' || ''leufadedъd'' || ''leufadedъn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past subjunctive | |||
| ''leufadedi'' || ''leufadedir'' || ''leufadedi'' || ''leufadedim'' || ''leufadedid'' || ''leufadedin'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' || ''leufa!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''leufaþ!'' || ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! present participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''leufand'' | |||
|- | |||
! past participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''leufadъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ '''''hylinъ'' 'to heal'''' | |||
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija'' | |||
|- | |||
! present indicative | |||
| ''hylьja'' || ''hylisь'' || ''hyliþь'' || ''hylimъ'' || ''hyliþ'' || ''hylinþь'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''hylьja'' || ''hylis'' || ''hyli'' || ''hylim'' || ''hyliþ'' || ''hylin'' | |||
|- | |||
! past | |||
| ''hylida'' || ''hylidest'' || ''hylide'' || ''hylidedъm'' || ''hylidedъd'' || ''hylidedъn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past subjunctive | |||
| ''hylidedi'' || ''hylidedir'' || ''hylidedi'' || ''hylidedim'' || ''hylidedid'' || ''hylidedin'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' || ''hyli!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''hyliþ!'' || ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! present participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''hylind'' | |||
|- | |||
! past participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''hylidъ'' | |||
|} | |||
====Strong==== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ '''''wrītъnъ'' 'to write'''' | |||
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija'' | |||
|- | |||
! present indicative | |||
| ''wrīta'' || ''wrītьrь'' || ''wrītьdь'' || ''wrītъmъ'' || ''wrītьd'' || ''wrītъndь'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''wrīta'' || ''wrītyr'' || ''wrīty'' || ''wrītym'' || ''wrītyd'' || ''wrītyn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past | |||
| ''wryt'' || ''wryst'' || ''wryt'' || ''writъm'' || ''writъd'' || ''writъn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past subjunctive | |||
| ''writi'' || ''writir'' || ''writi'' || ''writim'' || ''writid'' || ''writin'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' || ''wrīt!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''wrītъd!'' || ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! present participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''wrītъnd'' | |||
|- | |||
! past participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''writъnъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ '''''keusъnъ'' 'to choose'''' | |||
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija'' | |||
|- | |||
! present indicative | |||
| ''keusa'' || ''kiusьrь'' || ''kiusьþь'' || ''keusъmъ'' || ''kiusьd'' || ''keusъndь'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''keusa'' || ''keusyr'' || ''keusy'' || ''keusym'' || ''keusyd'' || ''keusyn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past | |||
| ''kaus'' || ''kaust'' || ''kaus'' || ''kurъm'' || ''kurъd'' || ''kurъn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past subjunctive | |||
| ''kuri'' || ''kurir'' || ''kuri'' || ''kurim'' || ''kurid'' || ''kurin'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' || ''keus!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''kiusьd!'' || ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! present participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''keusъnd'' | |||
|- | |||
! past participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''kurъnъ'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | |||
|+ '''''bindъnъ'' 'to bind'''' | |||
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija'' | |||
|- | |||
! present indicative | |||
| ''binda'' || ''bindьrь'' || ''bindьþь'' || ''bindъmъ'' || ''bindьd'' || ''bindъndь'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''binda'' || ''bindyr'' || ''bindy'' || ''bindym'' || ''bindyd'' || ''bindyn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past I | |||
| ''band'' || ''banst'' || ''band'' || ''bundъm'' || ''bundъd'' || ''bundъn'' | |||
|- | |||
! past subjunctive | |||
| ''bundi'' || ''bundir'' || ''bundi'' || ''bundim'' || ''bundid'' || ''bundin'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' || ''bind!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''bindьd!'' || ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="7"| | |||
|- | |||
! present participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''bindъnd'' | |||
|- | |||
! past participle | |||
|colspan="6"| ''bundъnъ'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Adjectives=== | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
If the first constituent of a clause was the subject, it was verb final. Otherwise, the verb followed the first constituent, thus using a V2 word order. | |||
===Noun phrase=== | ===Noun phrase=== | ||
===Verb phrase=== | ===Verb phrase=== | ||
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==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||
==Schleicher== | |||
Skēpъ auk hrussy | |||
Skēpъ, þat wulla ne hafde, hrussy sāw: ynъ þungъnъ wagnъ teuhъndъ, auk ynъ mauranъ hlostъ, auk ynъ gumъnъ sneumъ berъndъ. Nu sagide skēpъ hrussъmъ: "Herta mir darjьþь sewъndy gumъnъ drīfъndъ hrussy." Þanne sagiden hrussy: "Hauri, skēp! Herta unsь darjьþь þana sewъndъmъ: guma, druhten, ūtъ skēpъs wullai wurkiþь sir warmъnъ klyþъ; auk skēpъ wulla ne hafyþь." Þat hauridъ, flauh skēpъ þurh akrъ. | |||
==Other resources== | ==Other resources== | ||
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | ||
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category:Lõis]] | [[Category:Lõis]] | ||
edits