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'''Brung''' is a Khoisan language isolate spoken in Lõis's South Africa and Namibia. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
prevoiced stops spelled '''dt, bp, gk'''? | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;" | |||
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants''' | |||
! colspan="2"| | |||
! | Labial | |||
! | Alveolar | |||
! | Palatal | |||
! | Velar | |||
! | Uvular | |||
! | Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Click | |||
! | <small>voiceless</small> | |||
| colspan="6"| '''kʘ''' /kʘ/, '''k!''' /k!/, '''kǀ''' /kǀ/, '''kǁ''' /ɡǁ/, '''kǂ''' /kǂ/ | |||
|- | |||
! | <small>voiced</small> | |||
| colspan="6"| '''gʘ''' /ŋʘ~ɡʘ/, '''g!''' /ŋ!~ɡ!/, '''gǀ''' /ŋǀ~ɡǀ/, '''gǁ''' /ɡǁ/, '''gǂ''' /ŋǂ~ɡǂ/ | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Nasal | |||
| '''m''' /m/ | |||
| '''n''' /n/ | |||
| | |||
| '''ng''' /ŋ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Plosive | |||
! | <small>voiceless</small> | |||
| '''p''' /p/ | |||
| '''t''' /t/ | |||
| | |||
| '''k, ck''' /k/ | |||
| | |||
| /ʔ-/ | |||
|- | |||
! | <small>voiced</small> | |||
| '''b''' /b/ | |||
| '''d''' /d/ | |||
| | |||
| '''g''' /ɡ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Fricative | |||
! | <small>voiceless</small> | |||
| '''f''' /f/ | |||
| '''ß''' /s/, '''ßch''' /ʃ/ | |||
| '''ch''' /ç/ | |||
| | |||
| '''ch''' [χ] | |||
| '''h''' /h/ | |||
|- | |||
! | <small>voiced</small> | |||
| '''w''' /v/ | |||
| '''s''' /z/, '''sch''' /ʒ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Affricate | |||
| '''pf''' /pf/, '''bw''' /bv/ | |||
| '''z, tz''' /ts/ | |||
| | |||
| '''kch''' /kx/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Tap | |||
| | |||
| '''r''' /ɾ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Approximant | |||
| | |||
| '''l''' /l/ | |||
| '''j''' /j/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Lifted from Finnish. | |||
Brung has vowel harmony where front and back vowels can't be in the same word; in addition, there's also click harmony where words that have front vowels can have palatal clicks but not alveolar clicks, which pattern with back vowels. Bilabial, dental and lateral clicks are considered neutral. | |||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
Prosody and other suprasegmentals are very similar to Standard German. | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | ||
===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Nouns in Brung have three grammatical genders as in German and Nama. | |||
There are four grammatical cases: nominative, accusative, genitive/prepositional and ablative, the last functioning as a partitive and a dechticaetiative. | |||
Nominal morphology is marked entirely on the article/determiner. Determiners depend on specificity, deixis, gender, number, case, and honorifics. | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
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==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||
==Other resources== | ==Other resources== | ||
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | ||
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
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