User:IlL/Sketchbook: Difference between revisions

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==Windermere/Wiobian phonology==
== Burmese roms ==
===Orthography===
=== v0 ===
===Consonants===
<poem>
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]
 
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
 
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]
 
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
|+ '''Wiobian consonants'''
tui. prany tui. mre
! colspan="2"|
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
! | Labial
! | Dental
! | Alveolar
! | Palatal
! | Velar
! | Labiovelar
! | Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
|
| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! | <small>voiceless</small>
| '''p''' /p/
|
| '''t''' /t/
| '''z''' /c/
| '''k''' /k/
| '''qu''' /kʷ/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
|
| '''d''' /d/
| '''ɟ''' /ɟ/
| '''g''' /ɡ/
| '''ꝿu''' /ɡʷ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! | <small>voiceless</small>
| '''v''' /f~v/
| '''þ''' /θ~ð/
| '''ß''' /s/
| '''s''' /ç~ʝ/
| '''h''' /x~ɣ/
| '''ƕ''' /xʷ/
| ('''ħ''' /h/)
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|
| '''ʒ''' /z/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Affricate
|
|
| '''tß''' /ts/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Liquid
|
|
| '''r''' /r/; '''l''' /l/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|
|
|
| '''j''' /j/
|
| '''w''' /w/
|
|}


;Notes
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
*Voiceless plosives and affricates are lightly aspirated.
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]


===Vowels===
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]


{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
! rowspan="2" | &nbsp;
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
! colspan="2" style="width: 160px; " |Front
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]
! colspan="2" style="width: 160px; " |Central
! colspan="2" style="width: 160px; " |Back
|-
!|<small>short</small>
!|<small>long</small>
!|<small>short</small>
!|<small>long</small>
!|<small>short</small>
!|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''i''' /iː/
| '''ü''' /ɯ/
| '''ü''' /ɯː/
| '''u''' /u/
| '''u''' /uː/
|-
! style="" |Close-mid
| '''e''' /e~ɪ/
| '''e''' /eː~ɪː/
| '''ö''' /ɤ/
| '''ö''' /ɤː/
| '''o''' /o~ʊ/
| '''o''' /oː~ʊː/
|-
! style="" |Mid
|
|
| '''e''' /ə/
|
|
|
|-
! style="" |Open-mid
| '''ä''' /ɛ/
| '''ä''' /ɛː/
|
|
| '''å''' /ɔ/
| '''å''' /ɔː/
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''a''' /aː/
|
|
|}


===Prosody===
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
====Stress====
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]


Most of the time, the stress falls on the first syllable. Exceptions are sesquisyllables that result from epenthesis of initial consonant clusters.
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]


====Intonation====
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]


===Phonotactics===
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]


The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C), where V can be a vowel or a diphthong.
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]
</poem>


===Morphophonology===
=== v1 ===
<poem>
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe
</poem>
=== v2 ===
<poem>
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le


Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje
</poem>
=== v3 ===
Deliberately English/German-like


==J-Korean==
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops
Pseudo-Modern Greek


m n ŋ
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi
p t tʃ k
mb nd nz ndʒ ŋg
v ð z ʒ ɣ
f θ s ʃ x h
w r j


i y u
<poem>
e ö ə o
Rimes:
a
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot
</poem>


Stress is always penultimate.
<poem>
<sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be
</poem>


==J-Chinese==
== World's worst romanization for Vietnamese ==
Turkic-like, with agglutination and vowel harmony
=== Initials ===
<poem>
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh
ſ p{{lrb}} = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r
</poem>


Numbers: ʔit, niis, sürm, silis, baŋaʔ, kürk, tshit, põrt, kuʔ, tegep
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.


==Brezel==
=== Nuclei ===
*Noun classes in German gibby suffixes
* u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
*Honorifics and politeness marked on verbs
* η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô
*''be-an-''? or ''an-zu-''?


''-st'', ''-t'', ''-te-'', ''-m'', ''-e'', ''-n'', ''-lich'', ''-lein'', ''-ling'', ''-el'', ''-er'', ''-isch'', ''-ig'', ''-schaft'', ''-heit/-keit'', ''-chen'', ''-bar'', ''-ung'', ''-nis'', ''-erei''
=== Finals ===
* ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
* n ɟ y q = p t ch c
* ι υ = /-j -w/
=== Tones ===
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga


''ab-'', ''(her/hin)an-'', ''(her/hin)auf-'', ''(her/hin)aus-'', ''(her/hin)ein-'', ''bei-'', ''dar-'', ''durch-'', ''fort-'', ''hin-'', ''her-'', ''los-'', ''mit-'', ''nach-'', ''vor-'', ''weg-'', ''zu-''
==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē==
<poem>
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.
</poem>


''be-'', ''ent-'', ''er-'', ''ge-'', ''ver-'', ''zer-'', ''zu-''
==Semantic drifts==
===Truth===
*true/proof > guilt
*to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
*true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win


''der'' = and
==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic==


==Gleb phonologies==
==Bylȳn==
===SEA-esque===
[[Main_Page/Themsarian]]
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ
mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ
pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k
ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h
l̻ j w


i iː ɨ ɨː u uː
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate
e eː ɘ ɘː o oː
ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː
a aː
===Indic-esque===
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ
pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ
f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
r ɽ j
i u
ɪ ʊ
ɑ


phonology:
*/m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}}
*/a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}}
**Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
*pitch accent


(C1)V(C2)
==Trician doublets==
*Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
*Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)


C1: a consonant
==Silly language family trees==
*Trigonic languages
**Sinitic
***Mandarin
***Cantonese
****Schwyzerdütsch
***Sinaitic
****Phoenician
*****Greek
******Inuktitut
**Coshitic
***Vietnamese
****Sinh
****Tanh
****Sech
***Hyperbolgarian
***Beta
***Proto-Afro-Asiatic
**Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
***Hessian German
***Turingian German
****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'')
****Lambda calculus
****Mathematica
****C++
*****Sanskrit
**Triforcian languages
***Hylian
****Tritriforcian languages
*****Tritritriforcian languages
******...
*******Sierpińskian


V: a vowel
==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish==
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):


C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic):
/p/ > /f/ <''f''>
/t/ > /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''>
/k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''>


===Pseudo-Polynesian===
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant)
/p/ > /pf/ <''pf''>
/t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch>
/k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch>


m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
Phase 3
/b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''>
/d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''>
/ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''>
/g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''>


(C)V
Other changes:
/θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''>
/f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel)
/sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/
Auslautverhärtung


C: a consonant
==Paucal of humility==
There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.
==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar==
Txapoalli? Naquic?


V: a vowel
==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)==
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?


Gleb seed 1516956979
Cedilla and double vowel mania


===Liquidless pseudo-French===
Mix in a little Dutch?
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã


(C1)V(C2)
==IE conlang ideas==
*'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
*"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)


C1: a consonant
=="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs==
*Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
*sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!


V: a vowel
==Some old gibs==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!
der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
(irish gib is also easy to adapt)
Und dauchte die Miegung.
Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha


C2: a consonant
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine


Gleb seed 1601724777
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.


===A nice one===
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte.
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.


m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael


(C1)V(C2)
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang


C1: a consonant
==Scope of negation==
different negative markers for scope


V: a vowel
==Llanfair...gogogoch gib==
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)


C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
==Fyxámian national anthem==
===Eevo===
===English translation===
====Verse 1====
<poem>
[...]
[...]
''From antipode to antipode''
''Men of thy deeds do sing.''
</poem>
====Refrain====


Gleb seed 1364524938
==Book and paper titles in Eevo==
*(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'')
*(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'')
*''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259)
*''Regular Temperaments''


===vaguely Cagasa===
==Primitive Seargais==
consonants:


m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
<poem>
long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío


vowels:
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere


a e i o u
short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ


syllable structure: (C)V
changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!


Gleb seed 1390372573
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e


===Liquidless phonology===
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x


a e ɛ i o ɔ u
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
</poem>
===Seargais superstrate===
<poem>
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
</poem>
===Seargais consonants===
<poem>
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)


(C)V(N)
Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology


C: a consonant
</poem>


V: a vowel
==Huichaltzah's alien language==
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ
s ɬ x h
m n ŋ
l ʟ w j
a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)


N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases


Gleb seed 1408165181
==Bändli==
Zulu pseudo-gib


==Kxǂ’auǁʼein==
===Initials===
'''Kxǂ’auǁʼein''' /ˈkxǂ’aʊ̯ǁʼaɪ̯n/
==Rencadian nouns==


Nouns have 2 genders (masculine and feminine) and 3 cases (nominative, comparative, and vocative). The genitive is archaic and survives in verbal nouns and stock expressions.
schm, m > m, mh


Noun stems often get lenited. Lenition works as follows:
schn, n > n, nh
* When the noun begins with a lenitable consonant (any consonant besides f, v, th, dh, ch and gh), the first consonant gets lenited. If the first consonant is z, x or zj and there's a prefix before the lenited stem, an epenthetic -n- is inserted between the prefix and the stem.
* When the noun begins with a vowel, an n- is inserted before the stem.
* When the noun begins with a nonlenitable consonant (f, v, th, dh, ch or gh), an n- is inserted before the stem if there's a prefix before the stem that ends in a vowel. Otherwise, neo- is inserted before the stem.


For example:
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh


# baer 'leaf' → vaer
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
# rasj 'spouse' → rasj
# zaweoth 'ant' → aweoth, '''ʙᴜᴛ''':
# xeu + lenited form of zaweoth 'like an ant' → xeu naweoth
# eonsae 'fruit' → neonsae
# farnath 'speech' → neofarnasj, '''ʙᴜᴛ''':
# meo + lenited form of farnasj 'speaking' → meonfarnasj
# ow + lenited form of farnasj 'not speaking' → owneofarnasj


====Feminine nouns====
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d


Most nouns are feminine and decline as follows:
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq


{| class="wikitable"
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
|-
! Case !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
|-
| Nominative || [nom stem] || [nom stem]+meo || [nom stem]+nae || [nom stem]+neu
|-
| (Genitive) || [gen stem] || [nom stem]+meon || [nom stem]+naer || [nom stem]+neureo
|-
| Comparative || [acc stem] || [nom stem]+meoth || [nom stem]+naeth || [nom stem]+neuth
|-
| Vocative || [lenited nom stem] || [lenited nom stem]+meo || [lenited nom stem]+nae || [lenited nom stem]+neu
|}


* [nom stem] is the dictionary form of a noun.
r > hh
* [gen stem] is the genitive stem, formed by adding -eo if the noun ends in a consonant and -n if the noun ends in a vowel.
* [acc stem] is the accusative stem, formed by adding -eoth if the noun ends in a consonant and -th if the noun ends in a vowel.


Here are two examples:
f, w > f, v


{| class="wikitable"
fl, kl, schl > hl
|-
! ''eorim'' 'tail' !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
|-
| Nominative || eorim || eorimmeo || eorimnae || eorimneu
|-
| (Genitive) || eorimeo || eorimmeon || eorimnaer || eorimneur
|-
| Comparative || eorimeoth || eorimmeoth || eorimnaeth || eorimneuth
|-
| Vocative || neorim || neorimmeo || neorimnae || neorimneu
|}


{| class="wikitable"
bl, gl > dl
|-
! ''neoqa'' 'rope' !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
|-
| Nominative || neoqa || neoqameo || neoqanae || neoqaneu
|-
| (Genitive) || neoqan || neoqameon || neoqanaer || neoqaneur
|-
| Comparative || neoqath || neoqameoth || neoqanaeth || neoqaneuth
|-
| Vocative || neoqa || neoqameo || neoqanae || neoqaneu
|}


====Masculine nouns====
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/


=====First declension=====
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/


First declension masculine nouns end in consonants and the genitive stem is identical to the nominative stem, unless the final consonant is th, dh, s or z, in which case this final consonant is replaced with sj, zj, sj or zj respectively. The accusative stem is formed from the nominative stem as follows:
j > y
* If the final consonant is th or dh, it's replaced with t or d respectively.
* If the final consonant is a voiced fricative that is not dh, -dh is suffixed.
* Otherwise, -th is suffixed.


The paradigm is:
schw > f


{| class="wikitable"
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
|-
! Case  !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
|-
| Nominative || [nom stem] || [nom stem]+meo || [nom stem]+ae || [nom stem]+eu
|-
| (Genitive) || [gen stem] || [nom stem]+meon || [nom stem]+aer || [nom stem]+eur
|-
| Comparative || [acc stem] || [nom stem]+meoth || [nom stem]+aeth || [nom stem]+euth
|-
| Vocative || [lenited nom stem] || [lenited nom stem]+meo || [lenited nom stem]+ae || [lenited nom stem]+eu
|}


Here's an example:
ent- > prenasalization


{| class="wikitable"
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! ''neowaeth'' 'root' !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="2" | Alveolar
! rowspan="2" | Palatal
! rowspan="2" | Velar
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
| Nominative || neowaeth || neowaethmeo || neowaethae || neowaetheu
! central
! lateral
|-
|-
| (Genitive) || neowaesj || neowaethmeon || neowaethaer || neowaetheur
! rowspan="4" | Click
! plain
|
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃ}}
|
|
|-
|-
| Comparative || neowaet || neowaethmeoth || neowaethaeth || neowaetheuth
! aspirated
|
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃʰ}}
|
|
|-
|-
| Vocative || neowaeth || neowaethmeo || neowaethae || neowaetheu
! nasalised
|}
|
 
|  
=====Second declension=====
|  
 
| {{IPA|ᵑǃ}}
Second declension masculine nouns end in vowels. The genitive stem is formed by:
|
* suffixing -r if the last vowel is preceded immediately by a consonant cluster ending in a consonant that's not p, t, c, b, d, g, f, th, ch, v, dh or gh;
|
* otherwise, replacing the last vowel with -r.
 
The paradigm is as follows:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Case !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
! breathy nasalised
|
|
|
| {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}}
|
|
|-
|-
| Nominative || [nom stem] || [gen stem]+eom || [gen stem]+ae || [gen stem]+eu
! rowspan="2" | Nasal
! plain
| {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA|n}}
|  
|  
| ŋ
|
|-
|-
| (Genitive) || [gen stem]+eo || [gen stem]+eomeon || [gen stem]+aer || [gen stem]+eur
! breathy
| {{IPA|mʱ}}
| {{IPA|nʱ}}
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ŋʱ}}
|  
|-
|-
| Comparative || [gen stem]+th || [gen stem]+eomeoth || [gen stem]+aeth || [gen stem]+euth
! rowspan="4" | Stop
! voiceless
| {{IPA|p}}
| {{IPA|t}}
|
|
|  
|
|-
|-
| Vocative || [lenited nom stem] || [lenited gen stem]+eom || [lenited gen stem]+ae || [lenited gen stem]+eu
! aspirated
|}
| {{IPA|pʰ}}
 
| {{IPA|tʰ}}
An example:
|
 
|
{| class="wikitable"
| {{IPA|kʰ}}
|
|-
|-
! ''maexneu'' 'love' !! Indefinite Singular !! Indefinite Plural !! Definite Singular !! Definite Plural
! breathy
| {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA|d}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ɡ}}
|
|-
|-
| Nominative || maexneu || maexneureom || maexneurae || maexneureu
! implosive
| {{IPA|ɓ}}
| ɗ
|
|
| ɠ
|
|-
|-
| (Genitive) || maexneureo || maexneureomeon || maexneuraer || maexneureur
! rowspan="2" | Fricative
! voiceless
| {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA|ɬ}}
| {{IPA|ʃ}}
| x
| {{IPA|h}}
|-
|-
| Comparative || maexneurth || maexneureomeoth || maexneuraeth || maexneureuth
! breathy
| {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA|ɮ}}
|
| ɣ
| {{IPA|ɦ}}
|-
|-
| Vocative || waexneu || waexneureom || waexneurae || waexneureu
! rowspan="2" | Approximant
! plain
|
|
| {{IPA|l}}
| {{IPA|j}}
|  
|
|}
|}


Verbal nouns ending in -reo are always second declension masculine.
===Vowels===
 
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
* dexreo 'to rest'
* ithreo 'to eat'
* maerthreo 'to sit'
 
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
 
<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
 
Nouns
Adjectives
Verbs
Adverbs
Particles
Derivational morphology
 
-->
 
==Ahahahaha==
<poem>
Detective: Do you speak another language?
Suspect: Well, some Terg, of course. And Neck Thai and...
Detective: No, no, another. Like a Kuderauan language. Because I noticed you have a slight rhotic vowel.
Suspect: Very good, detective. My father was in the foreign service in Clofabinositin."
</poem>
 
==Hiberno-Clofabic==
:''ustekinumab'' > ''{{recon|ustichinumha}}'' > ''űtchünmha'' 'hello'
:''flovir'' > ''flór'' > ''ló'' 'not, no'
:/sporavir endin, flo:r sporaksakine endin/ > /foraind, hlo:r foraxsaxnend/ > ''foraid, ló·fráchned'' 'I eat, I eat not'
:/sporavir valin, flo:r sporaksakine valin/ > /forail, hlo:r foraxsaxneal/ > ''forail, ló·fráchnel'' 'thou eatest, thou eatest not'
 
=="Final Countdown"==
A Quame language (base 16):
 
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 = shmone, sheva, shesh, khamesh, arba, shalosh, shtayim, achat, efes
 
9, 10 = minus achat, minus shtayim...
 
16 = iktzaf
 
32 = dilsha
 
==Uupek==
<poem>
{ng, hng, k, g, x, gh, kʰ, gʰ, ngʰ, k’, kx', ˀg} x {prev, postv, phard uv} x {plain, lab'd} = 72
{ng, hng, k, g, x, gh, kʰ, gʰ, ngʰ, k’, kx', ˀg} x {velar, uvular} x {plain, r-colored} = 48
then, uvular trills!
{ʀ, ʀh} x {plain, lab'd} x {plain, r-colored} = 8
128 in total
{ʀ, ʀh} x {plain, lab'd} x {plain, r-colored. phar'd} = 12
 
now pharyngeals and glottals
is ʀˁ possible?
that might actually be an epiglottal
i just wanted to get a 12
 
8 should be fine
it doesn't have to be a round number
{ħ, ʕ, ʔ, ʔˁ, ʜ, ʡ, h, ɦ} x {plain, lab} = 16
should i have glottal affricates? (ʔʰ)
{ħ, ʕ, ʔ, ʔˁ, ʜ, ʡ, h, ɦ, ʔʰ, ʔʰˁ, ʡʰ, ʡ’} x {plain, lab} = 16
24 sorry
 
108_12
108
 
 
is it supposed to be mp3?
R, Rr, Rc.mp3
 
it does sound like what i'd expect
that last one is sort of a fricated uvular trill
like a uvular ř
that means i'll include them
110z sounds! (z=dozenal)
 
now, coronals
 
dental, alveolar, postalveolar, retroflex, (apicovelar?), palatalized dental, pal'd alveolar, phar'd dental, phar'd alveolar, phar'd retroflex -> 9 POA's and we have many more MOA's
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} = 22 MOA's
or 1Az
9*1A = 146z coronals
+ 110z dorsals = 256z so far
we can add more MOA's
{l, flap, lateral flap} * 9 = 23z more consonants
279z consonants
then, trills!
{r, rh, ř, řh} * {alveolar, phar'd alv, postalv, phar'd retroflex} = 14z
291z consonants
actually sorry
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} * 9 POA's * {plain, labialized} = 9*1A*2 = 290z consonants
290z coronals + 14z trills + 110z dorsals = 3B4z in total
i could have more approximants
just 8 more to get to 400z
i'll propose ɰ̠ ɰ̟ ɰ̟ˤ ɰ̠͡ɻ ɰ̟͡ɻ ɰ̟ˤ͡ɻ ɰ̠ʷ ɰ̟ʷ ɰ̟ˤʷ ɰ̠͡ɻʷ ɰ̟͡ɻʷ ɰ̟ˤ͡ɻʷ
that's 10z though so we have 404z consonants
now, clicks!
 
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 8x8x2x2 = 194z clicks
affricated clicks:
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 8x5x2x2 = 44z
that's 218z clicks
we have 620z consonants and no labials!
time to add labials
there can be four degrees of labialization: normal, lip rounding, simultaneous labial, the two previous ones together
that doubles the clicks to 434z
 
plus labial clicks:
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 2x8x2x2 = 54z
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 2x5x2x2 = 34z that's 88z
 
sorry
 
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, rounded, simultaneous labial, sim.labial+rounded} = 8x8x2x4 = 368z clicks
affricated clicks:
{dental, alveolar, fricated alveolar, retroflex, fricated retroflex, alveolar lateral, retroflex lateral, palatal} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, rounded, simultaneous labial, sim.labial+rounded} = 8x5x2x4 = 228z


plus labial clicks:
===Tones===
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal, labialized} = 2x8x2x2 = 54z
No tone
{labial, labiodental} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal, labialized} = 2x5x2x2 = 34z that's 88z


368+228+88 = 368+2B4 = 660z clicks
==Some Clofablang==
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
*Vowel harmony groups:
**high tense: i ʉ
**high lax: ɪ ʊ
**low: æ ʌ
**ə is neutral


660z + 404z = A64z consonants
==Russo-Salish==
158z left
linguolabials!
{n, hn, t, d, tʰ/tþ, dʰ/dð, þ, ð, tɬ, dɮ, ɬ, ɮ, nl, hnl, nʰ, nlʰ, t’, tɬ’, tþ’, ˀd, ˀdɮ, ˀdð} = 1A MOA's in linguolabial -> 1Az consonants
that's A82z in total
Linguolabial clicks:
{linguolabial} x {!, g!, !h, g!h, n!, n!h, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar, uvular} x {normal} = 8x2 = 14z
{linguolabial} x {!, g!, n!, voiceless n!, !ˀ} x {velar affricate, uvular affricate} x {normal} = 5x2 = Az that's 22z
A82+22 = AA4z in total (118z left)
labials!
{m, hm, p, b, ɸ, β, pʰ, bʰ, mʰ, p’, pɸ', ˀb} x {normal, labial} x {normal, palatal, pharyngeal, k̠p, k̟p, qpˁ} = 100z consonants
so we have BA4z consonants
18z more to go!
ʋ ʋʲ ʋˤ ʋʷ ʋʷʲ ʋʷˤ ʙ ʙʲ ʙˤ ʙ̥ ʙ̥ʲ ʙ̥ˤ: 8 more to go
these can be alveolar nonsibilant fricatives
θ̠ θ̠ʷ θ̠ʲ θ̠ʷʲ ð̠ ð̠ʷ ð̠ʲ ð̠ʷʲ
we're done!
1000z consonants
"Uupek"
there are technically gaps in the chart (e.g. no retroflex nonsibilant fricatives) as well as unused combinations (nasalized fricatives ...)
but i'd prefer to stop it at 1000z
vowels: a i u a: i: u:
</poem>
==Future Gelorian==
===Consonants===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Gelorian'''
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!colspan="2"|  
!colspan="2" | Labial
! Labial
!colspan="2" | Alveolar
! Dental
!rowspan="2" | Retroflex
! Alveolar
!colspan="2" | Velar
! Palatal
!rowspan="2" | Glottal
! Velar
|-
! Pharyngeal
! <small>hard</small>
! Glottal
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"| Nasal
!rowspan="2"| Nasal
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiceless</small>
!<small>glottalized</small>
| /m̥/
| ||
|colspan="2"| /n̥/
| n̪ʼ || nʲʼ
|  
|  
| /ŋ̊/
| ŋʲʼ
| ŋʼ
|  
|  
|-
!<small>plain</small>
| m || mʲ
| n̪ || nʲ
|
| ŋʲ
| ŋ
|  
|  
|-
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>plain</small>
!rowspan="3" | Stop
| /m/
!<small>plain</small>
|colspan="2"|/n/
| ||
| t̪ || tʲ
|  
|  
| /ŋ/
| kʲ
| k
| ʔ
|-
!<small>ejective</small>
| ||
| t̪ʼ || tʲʼ
|  
|  
| kʲʼ
| kʼ
|  
|  
|-
|-
!rowspan="3" style="width: 45px; "| Stop
!<small>voiced</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>tenuis</small>
| b || bʲ
| /p/
| d̪ || dʲ
|colspan="2"| /t/
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan="3" | Affricate
!<small>plain</small>
| ||
| ts || tsʲ
| tʂ
|
|
|
|-
!<small>ejective</small>
| ||
| tsʼ || tsʲʼ
| tʂʼ
|  
|  
| /k/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
!<small>voiced</small>
| /b/
| ||
|colspan="2"| /d/
| dz || dzʲ
|  
| dʐ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
!<small>ejective</small>
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
| /pʼ/
!<small>voiceless</small>
|colspan="2"| /tʼ/
| f || fʲ
|
| s || sʲ
| /kʼ/
| ʂ
|
| xʲ
|
| x
| h
|-
|-
!rowspan=3| Fricative/Affricate
!<small>voiced</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiceless</small>
| v || vʲ
| /f/
| z || zʲ
| /θ/
| ʐ
| /s/
| ɣʲ
| ɣ
|  
|  
| /x/
| /ħ/
| /h/
|-
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiced</small>
!rowspan=2| Approximant
| /v/
!<small>glottalized</small>
| /ð/
| ||
| /z/
| lˠʼ || lʲʼ
|  
| jʼ
|  
|  
| /ɣ/
| /ʕ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>ejective</small>
!<small>plain</small>
|  
| ||
| /tθʼ/
| lˠ || lʲ
| /tsʼ/
|
|
| j
|
|
|
|
|
|}
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
! style="" |Close
| i
|
| u
|-
|-
!rowspan=2| Trill
! style="" |Mid
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiceless</small>
| 
|  
|  
| /r̥/
| ə
|
|  
|  
|-
! style="" |Open
|  
|  
| a
|  
|  
|}
==Salish + Old Chinese==
m n ŋ ŋʷ
mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ
p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ
b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ
s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each)
a e i o u ə
==CW language sketch==
m n
p t ts k q
b d dz g
s h ʀ
w l r j
i u
e o
æ a
==Some auxlang?==
===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''Consonants'''
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Coronal
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiced</small>
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
|
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|  
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|  
|  
| /r/  
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! |<small>unaspirated</small>
| '''b''' /p/
| '''d''' /t/
| '''j''' /tɕ/
| '''g''' /k/
|  
|  
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
| '''p''' /pʰ/
| '''t''' /tʰ/
| '''ch''' /tɕʰ/
| '''k''' /kʰ/
|  
|  
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| '''f''' /f/
| '''s''' /s/
| '''sh''' /ɕ/
| '''kh''' /x/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
| '''w''' /w~v/
| '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/
| '''y''' /j/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
!rowspan=2| Approximant
! colspan="2" |Trill
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiceless</small>
| /ʍ/
| /l̥/
|  
|  
|  
| '''r''' /r/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|}
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Vowels'''
|-
!  style="width: 60px; "|
!  style="width: 60px; " |Front
!  style="width: 60px; " |Central
!  style="width: 60px; " |Back
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
|
| '''u''' /u/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| '''e''' /e/
| '''ə''' /ø~ə~ɤ/
| '''o''' /o/
|-
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>voiced</small>
! style="" |Open
| /w/
| /l/
| /ɹ/
| /j/
|  
|  
|
| '''a''' /a/
|
|
|}
|}


==Alternate PPfK==
Diphthongs: '''ai ao''' /ai au/
<poem>
m n ŋ ŋʷ ɴ ɴʷ
m’ n’ ŋ’ ŋʷ’ ɴ’ ɴʷ’
p t ts tɬ k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
p’ t’ ts’ tɬ’ k’ kʷ’ q’ qʷ’
s ɬ x xʷ χ χʷ h
s’ ɬ’ x’ xʷ’ χ’ χʷ’
l r w j
l’ r’ w’ j’
a i u ə ā ī ū
</poem>


==Yan tan tethara==
===Phonotactics===
*txīmo, sīmo, noxxū, xoxxū, tzouo, chauo, raxxū, uaya, paxxū, chaya?
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
*txīmo, txixxū, noxxū, xoxxū, tzoxxū, chauo, raxxū, yaxxū, paxxū, chaya?
==Poshic==
*b d ʒ λ ǯ g (like Korean ㄱ)
*p t c ƛ č k (like Korean ㅋ)
*tt cc ƛƛ čč kk (like Korean ㄲ)
*s ł š h
*r w y


*i ue u
==Σȣομʚ==
*e oe eo o
*ae a


==Unknown Quame branch==
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
Consonants:


p t ts tɬ tʃ k q ʔ
==Qe!==
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.


b~v d~ð dz~z dʒ~ʒ g~ɣ
==Pristac Guanorliviroc==


f s ɬ ʃ h
<poem>
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!


m n w l r j
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!


*kʷēma > teyma
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
*tiłōr > šiłoyr
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
*nazgē > nadzgey > nagdzey
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
*λaup'ē > džaupey
pristac guanorliviroc!
*caliłē > tšaliłey
*stāma > šayma
*rōdē > roydey
*lozedē > lozedey
*pʼazgʷē > padzgey > pagdzey
*qʼeyōr > ʔeyoyr > yoyr


==A Damin==
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
pristac guanorliviroc!
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
*Clicks: ʞ
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
*vowels: y ɤ æ


==CW Minlang #1==
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
/t k n a i ə/
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!


==Tuna Sandwich==
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Vowels are doubled for length.
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
*₳ = /a/
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
*฿ = /b/
pristac guanorliviroc!
*​₫ = /ð/
</poem>
*₯ = /ɮ/
*€ = /i/
*¢ = /k/
*¢¢ = /ts/
*​₡ = /kʷ/
*₲ = /qʷ/
*​₣ = /w/
*₰ = /f/
*₴ = /ʔ/
*Ħ = /h/
*₭ = /x/
*£ = /l/
*₤ = /ɬ/
*ℳ = /m/
*₦ = /n/
*¤ = /ə/
*₱ = /p/
*₧ = /r/
*$ = /s/
*₪ = /ʃ/
*৳ = /tʃ/
*​₮ = /tɬ/
*₩ = /u/
*X̱ = /χ/
*¥ = /j/
*zł = /zʷ/


==Coffeebrew==
==Finno-Arabic==
ha-: declarative
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/


ze-: interrogative
==Irish with pharyngealized consonants==


she-, le-, be-, mi-, ...


lakov: person
/a/: a ea ae eae
/e/: oeu eu oe e
/i/: ai ia aia i
/o/: o uo uea ue
/u/: aua ua au u


iktzaf: language
==Uncanny valley Korean==
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/


mutza: be
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.


me-dosh: sea
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/


shakfa - go
==Proto-Eomujic==
*ä, a, e, o
*eu, i <- syllabic resonants


daldelet - bird
*p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
*s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
*m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
==Gleb phonologies==
===SEA-esque===
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ
mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ
pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k
ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h
l̻ j w


i iː ɨ ɨː u uː
e eː ɘ ɘː o oː
ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː
a aː
===Indic-esque===
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ
pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ
f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
r ɽ j
i u
ɪ ʊ
ɑ


Haimuktzatzaf: I am a language.


Haimuktzatzafiya: I am not a language.
(C1)V(C2)


Halamukotzav: I am a person.
C1: a consonant


ha-147258693: 123 456's 789
V: a vowel


Halakodalkofadeltov: The man likes the bird
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/


ze-124375869: does 123 456 789?
===Pseudo-Polynesian===


==Ricelandic==
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a


==Quame substrate==
(C)V
<poem>
p pʰ b t tʰ d ts tsʰ dz k kʰ g q qʰ ɢ
f v s z h m n ŋ l ɬ r w y ʟ ʟ̥
a ā e ē i ī o ō u ū


rū = 1
C: a consonant
loze = 2
dō = 3
mara = 4
bila = 5
dendza = 6
rūd = 7
lozed = 8
pazwa = 9
waru = 10
</poem>


==Blablabla==
V: a vowel
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittenspüßenentdried
<poem>
Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
gim itzo Feuche haben,
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.


Was Zühlen erkeifet, bacht heinaden Gand;
Gleb seed 1516956979
Mein' Kründ'rung erbrauget und diro getrannt.
Die Juchtlingen pfriechender Häumchen zu henken,
Verschwilligereien, die itzund uns brenken.
Wir reftmunschig braußen,
mit zärbenden Faußen,
Ermeie uns, wenn unser' Berze dir schmannt!
</poem>


==Future Korean==
===Liquidless pseudo-French===
Should be Irishy
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã


==Themsarian/de==
(C1)V(C2)
:''Der korrekte Titel dieses Artikels lautet "Themsarisch".''


Die '''themsarische Sprache''', auch bezeichnet als '''Edles Themsarisch''', ist eine alte talsmische Sprache, die im Andaegṓr-Imperium gebräuchlich war.
C1: a consonant


==Netagin/de==<!--
V: a vowel
Die '''Netagin'''-Sprache (Netagin: ''brítz nˀAthághín'' 'Sprechen in unserer Welse') ist eine Sprache, welche sowohl Wurzelkonsonanten als auch Anlautmutationen verwendet. (vgl. Hebräisch.)-->


==PIE in Hebrew==
C2: a consonant
This Hebrew abjadic script is based on the glottalic theory: "voiced" stops are written as Hebrew emphatic consonants, and "breathy voiced" stops are written as voiced stops. Also note that the "palatal" series of stops is transcribed with the Hebrew affricate series (thus showing a coincidental Satem bias).


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
Gleb seed 1601724777
!colspan="8"|'''Consonants'''
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | [[labial consonant|Labial]]
! rowspan="2" | [[coronal consonant|Coronal]]
! colspan=3| [[dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Laryngeal theory|Laryngeal]]
|-
! <small>palatal</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labial</small>
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{heb|מ}} *{{PIE|m}}
| {{heb|נ}} *{{PIE|n}}
| || || ||
|-
! rowspan=3| [[Stop consonant|Plosive]]
! <small>voiceless</small>
| {{heb|פ}} *{{PIE|p}}
| {{heb|ת}} *{{PIE|t}}
| {{heb|ס}} *{{PIE|ḱ}}
| {{heb|כ}} *{{PIE|k}}
| {{heb|כ׳}} *{{PIE|kʷ}}
|
|-
! <small>voiced/ejective?</small>
| ({{heb|פ׳}} *{{PIE|b}})
| {{heb|ט}} *{{PIE|d}}
| {{heb|צ}} *{{PIE|ǵ}}
| {{heb|ק}} *{{PIE|g}}
| {{heb|ק׳}} *{{PIE|gʷ}}
|
|-
! <small>(breathy) voiced</small>
| {{heb|ב}} *{{PIE|bʰ}}
| {{heb|ד}} *{{PIE|dʰ}}
| {{heb|ז}} *{{PIE|ǵʰ}}
| {{heb|ג}} *{{PIE|gʰ}}
| {{heb|ג׳}} *{{PIE|gʷʰ}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
| {{heb|ש}} *{{PIE|s}}
| || ||
| {{heb|א}} *Ø<BR/>{{heb|ה}} *{{PIE|h₁}}<BR/>{{heb|ע}} *{{PIE|h₂}}<BR/>{{heb|ע׳}} *{{PIE|h₃}}
|-
! colspan="2" | [[liquid consonant|Liquid]]
|
| {{heb|ר}} *{{PIE|r}}<BR/>{{heb|ל}} *{{PIE|l}}
| || || ||
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Semivowel]]
|
|
| {{heb|י}} *{{PIE|y}}
|
| {{heb|ו}} *{{PIE|w}}
|
|}


===A nice one===


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:250px; text-align: center;"
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
|-
!colspan="2"|Ablaut grades
|-
|{{heb|אֶ}} *{{PIE|e}}||{{heb|אָ}} *{{PIE|o}}
|-
|{{heb|אֵ}} *{{PIE|ē}}||{{heb|אֹ}} *{{PIE|ō}}
|-
|colspan="2"|{{heb|אְ}} *Ø
|}


===Schleicher's fable===
(C1)V(C2)
<p align=center>{{heb|<big>עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוׂשךֶ׳</big>}}</p>


<p align=center><big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big></p>
C1: a consonant


<p align=center>{{heb|עָ֫וְיְש, יֶ֫שְמְין עְוְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶאֶ֫הֶשְת, טֶטָרְסֶ הֶ֫סְוָנְש, תָ֫ם, וָ֫זָם קֶ֫׳רְעְוְם וֶ֫זָנְתְם, תָ֫ם, בָ֫רָם מֶ֫צָעְם, תָ֫ם, דְזֶ֫מָנְם עָאְסְ֫ו בֶ֫רָנְתְם. עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוָבָש אֶוֶוְכֶ׳(ת): סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי מָי וְיְטְנְתֶ֫י דְזְמָ֫נְם הֶ֫סְוָנְש עֶ֫זצָנְתְם. הֶ֫סְוׂש הֶוֶוְך׳: סְלְוְדְי, עָוְי! סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי וְיְטְנְתְבָ֫ש: דְזֶ֫מֹ(ן), פָ֫תְיְס, עְוְלְנֶ֫עְם עָ֫וְיָם כְ׳נֶוְתְי שֶ֫בָי גִ֫׳רְמָם וֶ֫שְתְרָם; עֶ֫וְיְבָשךֶ׳ וְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶ֫הֶסְתְי. תָ֫ט סֶסְלְוְוׂ֫ש עָ֫וְיְש עֶ֫צְרָם אֶבְוְקֶ(ת).}}</p>
V: a vowel


<p align=center>h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).</p>
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/


==Semitic notes==
Gleb seed 1364524938


u/i merge: Ge'ez; a/i merge: (kinda) Hebrew; a/u merge: (kinda) Socovíc as of 3/16/2015
===vaguely Clofab===
consonants:


==North Semlang 2nd try==
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
*still want conditional a/u merger and nasal Vs
*i-umlaut
**a, u > ø / _Ci
**ā > é / _Ci
**u > ø / _Ci
**ū > ý / _Ci
**aw > ǿ / _Ci
**ay > í / _Ci
*need to start from triptotic declension here:


===PNSem===
vowels:
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''yawmu'' || ''yawmā(mi)'' || ''yawmū(ma)''
|-
! Accusative
| ''yawma'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
|-
! Genitive
| ''yawmi'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
|}


===Early===
a e i o u
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''jóm'' || ''jómá(mi)'' || ''jómú(m)''
|-
! Accusative
| ''jóm''~''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|-
! Genitive
| ''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|}


==Judeo-Indo-Aryan==
syllable structure: (C)V
A modern Indo-Aryan language spoken by Jews in India.


*Use Babylonian Hebrew, not Tiberian Hebrew
Gleb seed 1390372573
*Differs more from Hindustani than Yiddish does from German
*Lot of additional palatalization


==Atzòpic==
===Liquidless phonology===
{{Infobox language
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
|image =
|imagesize =
|name = Atzòpic
|nativename = hìzbut atzòpį
|pronunciation= [atsəˈpĩ]
|region =
|extinct =
|fam1=Zachydic
|fam2=Raxo-Talsmic
|fam3=Ractamic
|familycolor=zachydic
|ancestor=Old Atzòpic
|script= Raxic script
|iso3=
|notice=IPA
}}


''Neguąsitł Linguifeczix, acthìzbutètł dǫsix uicìx!''
a e ɛ i o ɔ u


Motivated by Raxic C[+ejective]V > Atzòpic C[-ejective]V[+creaky] - Hence the ejectives disappear.
(C)V(N)


/ks/ > /xs/ > /ʃ/
C: a consonant


Seven cases:
V: a vowel


*nominative -Ø
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
*accusative ''-z''
*genitive ''-c'' (animate sg.?)/''-z'' (inanimate sg.?)/''-u'' (animate pl.?)
*dative ''-tł''
*locative-comitative ''-x''
*ablative ''-ː~'' (nasalized vowel)
*instrumental ''-ːl''


Vowels change according to historical stress positions as well as historical ejective consonants. The Ractamic stress/vowel system start out similarly to Latin, but develop in very different directions.
Gleb seed 1408165181


{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
==A Damin==
! colspan="10" | Consonants
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
|-
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 136px; "|
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Labial
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Coronal
*Clicks: ʞ
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Velar
*vowels: y ɤ æ
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Uvular
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
|-
! style="width:68px;" |<small>central</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>lateral</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>plain</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>labialized</small>
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
|
| <span style="color:gray;">[ŋ]</span>
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style=""  |Plosive
! |<small>tenuis</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
|
|
| '''c''' /k/
| '''qu''' /kʷ/
|
| '''h''' /ʔ/
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
| '''b''' /pʰ/
| '''d''' /tʰ/
|
|
| '''g''' /kʰ/
| '''gu''' /kʷʰ/
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| '''f''' /f/
| '''z''' /s~z/
| '''ł''' /ɬ/
| '''x''' /ʃ/
|
|
|
|<span style="color:gray;">[ʰ~ɦ]</span>
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Affricate
! |<small>tenuis</small>
|
| '''tz''' /ts/
| '''tł''' /tɬ/
| '''tx''' /tʃ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
|
| '''dz''' /tsʰ/
| '''dł''' /tɬʰ/
| '''dx''' /tʃʰ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant
|
| '''s''' /ɹ/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|
| '''u''' /w/
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}


==Music theory terminology==
==from An Bhlaoighne==
*blackwood[10] major: ''rāmáth'' 'diurnal'
<poem>
*blackwood[10] minor: ''mináth'' 'nocturnal'
big: go qhéith
*the different ways of subtly tuning/i.e. well-temperaments are called 'seasons' (that lengthen or shorten the day and night).
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'


==Diachronics lab==
to smell: go mbuir
Pluractionality ≈ antipassive
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
 
to sleep: go h-uaileas
we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
to live: go chaith
 
</poem>
Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man
 
Classifiers are in construct state
 
this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
 
apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
 
PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
 
CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN


evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis verb
dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)


feminine > abstract > honorific
==Long German gibby word==
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum

Latest revision as of 01:48, 5 March 2024

Burmese roms

v0

Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]

Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]

Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]

Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]

Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]

Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]

Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]

Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]

v1

Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe

v2

Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ̆ my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ̆ tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le

Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje

v3

Deliberately English/German-like

Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops

Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi

Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot

kgəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be

World's worst romanization for Vietnamese

Initials

ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
n̓ n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ̔ q̔ = ph th kh
ſ p̔ = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r

The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and ⟨ƿ⟩ is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ̓ηɟ̃, ƿ̔ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.

Nuclei

  • u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
  • η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô

Finals

  • ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
  • n ɟ y q = p t ch c
  • ι υ = /-j -w/

Tones

tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga

Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē

1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.

Semantic drifts

Truth

  • true/proof > guilt
  • to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
  • true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win

Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic

Bylȳn

Main_Page/Themsarian

put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate

phonology:

  • /m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ ⟨m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l⟩
  • /a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ ⟨a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua⟩
    • Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
  • pitch accent

Trician doublets

  • Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
  • Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)

Silly language family trees

  • Trigonic languages
    • Sinitic
      • Mandarin
      • Cantonese
        • Schwyzerdütsch
      • Sinaitic
        • Phoenician
          • Greek
            • Inuktitut
    • Coshitic
      • Vietnamese
        • Sinh
        • Tanh
        • Sech
      • Hyperbolgarian
      • Beta
      • Proto-Afro-Asiatic
    • Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
      • Hessian German
      • Turingian German
        • Tyrith (from older *Türiŋit)
        • Lambda calculus
        • Mathematica
        • C++
          • Sanskrit
    • Triforcian languages
      • Hylian
        • Tritriforcian languages
          • Tritritriforcian languages
            • ...
              • Sierpińskian

Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish

Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):

Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): /p/ > /f/ <f> /t/ > /s/ <ß> /c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <s/sch> /k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) /p/ > /pf/ <pf> /t/ > /ts/ <ßß> > word initially /s/ <ß> /c/ > /cç/ > later /tʃ/ <zsch> /k/ > /kx/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 3 /b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <p> /d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <t> /ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <z> /g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <k>

Other changes: /θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <d> /f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <b> (after a vowel) /sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ Auslautverhärtung

Paucal of humility

There are three numbers: singular (sg) representing one object, paucal (pc) for a few, and plural (pl) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.

Something with my old Tsjoen grammar

Txapoalli? Naquic?

Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)

A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?

Cedilla and double vowel mania

Mix in a little Dutch?

IE conlang ideas

  • 'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
  • "try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)

"Ah, meine Treußer" gibs

  • Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
  • sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!

Some old gibs

Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. (irish gib is also easy to adapt) Und dauchte die Miegung. Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha

Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine

Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.

die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.

Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael

Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang

Scope of negation

different negative markers for scope

Llanfair...gogogoch gib

Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)

Fyxámian national anthem

Eevo

English translation

Verse 1

[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.

Refrain

Book and paper titles in Eevo

  • (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
  • (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
  • Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
  • Regular Temperaments

Primitive Seargais

long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío

éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere

short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ

changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!

a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e

spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/

short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)

Seargais superstrate

same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a

Seargais consonants

p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)

Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology

Huichaltzah's alien language

p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)

Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases

Bändli

Zulu pseudo-gib

Initials

schm, m > m, mh

schn, n > n, nh

schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh

sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b

st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d

ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq

k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g

r > hh

f, w > f, v

fl, kl, schl > hl

bl, gl > dl

pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/

br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/

j > y

schw > f

z, s, sch > s, z, sh

ent- > prenasalization

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral
Click plain ǃ
aspirated ǃʰ
nasalised ᵑǃ
breathy nasalised ᶢǃʱ
Nasal plain m n ŋ
breathy mʱ nʱ ŋʱ
Stop voiceless p t
aspirated pʰ tʰ kʰ
breathy b d ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s ɬ ʃ x h
breathy v z ɮ ɣ ɦ
Approximant plain l j

Vowels

i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/

Tones

No tone

Some Clofablang

  • Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
  • Vowel harmony groups:
    • high tense: i ʉ
    • high lax: ɪ ʊ
    • low: æ ʌ
    • ə is neutral

Russo-Salish

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
hard soft hard soft soft hard
Nasal glottalized n̪ʼ nʲʼ ŋʲʼ ŋʼ
plain m mʲ n̪ nʲ ŋʲ ŋ
Stop plain t̪ tʲ kʲ k ʔ
ejective t̪ʼ tʲʼ kʲʼ kʼ
voiced b bʲ d̪ dʲ
Affricate plain ts tsʲ tʂ
ejective tsʼ tsʲʼ tʂʼ
voiced dz dzʲ dʐ
Fricative voiceless f fʲ s sʲ ʂ xʲ x h
voiced v vʲ z zʲ ʐ ɣʲ ɣ
Approximant glottalized lˠʼ lʲʼ jʼ
plain lˠ lʲ j


Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ə
Open a

Salish + Old Chinese

m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə

CW language sketch

m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j

i u e o æ a

Some auxlang?

Consonants

Consonants
Labial Coronal Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ŋ /ŋ/
Plosive unaspirated b /p/ d /t/ j /tɕ/ g /k/
aspirated p /pʰ/ t /tʰ/ ch /tɕʰ/ k /kʰ/
Fricative f /f/ s /s/ sh /ɕ/ kh /x/ h /h/
Approximant w /w~v/ l /l/; r /r/ y /j/
Trill r /r/

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ o /o/
Open a /a/

Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/

Phonotactics

Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.

Σȣομʚ

Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.

Qe!

Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.

Pristac Guanorliviroc

Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Finno-Arabic

/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/

Irish with pharyngealized consonants

/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u

Uncanny valley Korean

Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/

Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.

Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/

Proto-Eomujic

  • ä, a, e, o
  • eu, i <- syllabic resonants
  • p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
  • s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
  • m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h

Gleb phonologies

SEA-esque

m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w

i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː

Indic-esque

m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ


(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/

Pseudo-Polynesian

m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a

(C)V

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

Gleb seed 1516956979

Liquidless pseudo-French

m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant

Gleb seed 1601724777

A nice one

m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/

Gleb seed 1364524938

vaguely Clofab

consonants:

m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w

vowels:

a e i o u

syllable structure: (C)V

Gleb seed 1390372573

Liquidless phonology

m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x

a e ɛ i o ɔ u

(C)V(N)

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/

Gleb seed 1408165181

A Damin

  • Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
  • Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
  • Affricates: tθ ʡħ
  • Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
  • Clicks: ʞ
  • Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
  • vowels: y ɤ æ

from An Bhlaoighne

big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'

to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith

dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)

Long German gibby word

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