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Qasunattuuji verbs: Difference between revisions

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Qasunattuuji verbs (view source)

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{{construction}}
'''[[Qasunattuuji]] verbs''' are known for their complexity: a single conjugated verb may stand for a whole sentence. Also, they exhibit noun incorporation: for example: do a speech is rendered as speech-do.
'''[[Qasunattuuji]] verbs''' are known for their complexity: a single conjugated verb may stand for a whole sentence. Also, they exhibit noun incorporation: for example: do a speech is rendered as speech-do.
==General features==
==General features==
Line 404: Line 403:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Transitive imperativea affirmative paradigm (independent)
|+ Transitive interrogative paradigm (independent)
| '''Object →'''
| '''Object →'''
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
Line 522: Line 521:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Transitive imperative negative paradigm (independent)
|+ Transitive imperative affirmative paradigm (independent)
| '''Object →'''
| '''Object →'''
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
Line 540: Line 539:
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -laapiŋ
|
| -laajik
|
| -laasi
|
| -lagu
|
| -lagik
|
| -lagix
|-
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
!
!
!
| -laajigiŋ
| -laajik
| -laasi
| -laapuk
| -laajik
| -laajigix
|-
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
!
!
!
| -laajigiŋ
| -laajik
| -laasi
| -laaput
| -laavut
| -laavut
|-
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
| -ŋŋa
| -tuguk
| -tigut
!
!
!
| -uŋ
| -(ː)kik<ref name="¹">It means geminate the last phoneme of the radical</ref>
| -k/(ː)kix<ref name="¹" /><ref name="²">First form if the radical ends in a vowel, second if a consonant</ref>
|-
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
| -siiŋa
| -tiguk
| -tigut
!
!
!
| -ːku<ref name="¹" />
| -sigik
| -sigix
|-
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
| -siiŋa
| -tiguk
| -tigut
!
!
!
| -siuŋ
| -sigik
| -sigix
|-
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
| -liŋa
| -lisiguk
| -lisigut
| -lisin
| -lisik
| -lisi
| -liuŋ
| -ligik
| -ligix
|-
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
| -liiŋa
| -lisiguk
| -lisigut
| -lisin
| -lisik
| -lisi
| -liiku
| -lisigik
| -lisigik
|-
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
| -liiŋa
| -lisiguk
| -lisigut
| -lisin
| -lisik
| -lisi
| -liijuŋ
| -lisigik
| -lisigix
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Transitive imperative negative paradigm
| '''Object →'''
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''Second person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''Third person'''}}
|-
| '''Subject ↓'''
| {{Center|'''Singular'''}}
| {{Center|'''Dual'''}}
| {{Center|'''Plural'''}}
| {{Center|'''Singular'''}}
| {{Center|'''Dual'''}}
| {{Center|'''Plural'''}}
| {{Center|'''Singular'''}}
| {{Center|'''Dual'''}}
| {{Center|'''Plural'''}}
|-
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
!
!
!
| -naŋa
!
!
| -naŋa
!
!
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -najiguk
|
!
|
!
|
| -najiguk
|
!
|
!
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -najigut
|
!
|
!
|
| -najigut
|
!
|
!
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nagu
|
!
|
| -nagix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nagu
|
!
|
!
|-
|-
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|
| -nasiiŋa
|
!
|
| -nasigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nasiuŋ
|
!
|
| -nasigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nagu
|
!
|
!
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nagik
|
!
|
!
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -nagu
|
!
|
!
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Transitive participial paradigm (independent)
|+ Transitive conditional (dependent) paradigm
| '''Object →'''
| '''Object →'''
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
Line 658: Line 775:
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aakiŋ
|
| -aajik
|
| -aasi
|
| -aaku
|
| -aakik
|
| -aakix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aajigiŋ
|
| -aajik
|
| -aasi
|
| -aajigu
|
| -aajigik
|
| -aajigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aajigiiŋ
|
| -aajik
|
| -aasi
|
| -aajigu
|
| -aajigik
|
| -aajigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
|
| -aaŋa
|
| -aajiguk
|
| -aajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aaku
|
| -aakik
|
| -aakix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
|
| -aasiiŋa
|
| -aajiguk
|
| -aajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aajigu
|
| -aajigik
|
| -aajigik
|-
|-
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|
| -aasiiŋa
|
| -aajiguk
|
| -aajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -aasiuŋ
|
| -aasigik
|
| -aasigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3S reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3S reflexive'''}}
|
| -amiŋa
|
| -amisiguk
|
| -amisigut
|
| -amisin
|
| -amisik
|
| -amisi
|
| -amiuŋ
|
| -amigik
|
| -amisigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3D reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3D reflexive'''}}
|
| -amisiŋa
|
| -amisiguk
|
| -amisigut
|
| -amisin
|
| -amisik
|
| -amisi
|
| -amiijuŋ
|
| -amisiikik
|
| -amisigiŋ
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3P reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3P reflexive'''}}
|
| -amiiŋa
|
| -amisiguk
|
| -amisigut
|
| -amisin
|
| -amisik
|
| -amisi
|
| -amiijuŋ
|
| -amisihik
|
| -amisigiŋ
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3S non-reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3S non-reflexive'''}}
|
| -maŋa
|
| -najiguk
|
| -najigut
|
| -majin
|
| -majik
|
| -masi
|
| -magu
|
| -magik
|
| -magix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3D non-reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3D non-reflexive'''}}
|
| -maaŋa
|
| -najiguk
|
| -najigut
|
| -majin
|
| -majik
|
| -nasu
|
| -aaku
|
| -maagik
|
| -maajigik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3P non-reflexive'''}}
| {{Center|'''3P non-reflexive'''}}
|
| -maŋa
|
| -najiguk
|
| -najigut
|
| -majin
|
| -majik
|
| -masi
|
| -maaju
|
| -maajigik
|
| -majigik
|}
|}


Line 809: Line 926:
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugik
|
| -lagix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugik
|
| -lagix
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugu
|
| -lugik
|
| -lagix
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Transitive participial paradigm (independent)
|+ Transitive participial paradigm
| '''Object →'''
| '''Object →'''
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
| colspan="3" | {{Center|'''First person'''}}
Line 927: Line 1,044:
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
| {{Center|'''1S'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkaapiŋ
|
| -kkaajik
|
| -kkaasi
|
| -kaga
|
| -kkaka
|
| -kkaaka
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
| {{Center|'''1D'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkaajigiŋ
|
| -kaajigiŋ
|
| -kaajigiŋ
|
| -kkaavuk
|
| -kkavuk
|
| -kkaavuK
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
| {{Center|'''1P'''}}
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkaajigiŋ
|
| -kaajigiŋ
|
| -kaajigiŋ
|
| -kkaavut
|
| -kkavut
|
| -kkaavut
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
| {{Center|'''2S'''}}
|
| -kkaama
|
| -kkaajiguk
|
| -kkaajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkan
|
| -kkakiŋ
|
| -kkajin
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
| {{Center|'''2D'''}}
|
| -kkaajiŋa
|
| -kkaajiguk
|
| -kkaajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkaajik
|
| -kkajik
|
| -kkajik
|-
|-
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|  {{Center|'''2P'''}}
|
| -kkasiiŋa
|
| -kkaajiguk
|
| -kkaajigut
|
!
|
!
|
!
|
| -kkaaqi
|
| -kkasi
|
| -kkasi
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
| {{Center|'''3S'''}}
|
| -kkaŋani
|
| -kkaŋajiguk
|
| -kkaŋajigut
|
| -kkaŋajin
|
| -kkaŋajik
|
| -kkaŋasi
|
| -kkaŋa
|
| -kkak
|
| -kkaŋi
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
| {{Center|'''3D'''}}
|
| -kkaŋani
|
| -kkaŋajiguk
|
| -kkaŋajigut
|
| -kkaŋajin
|
| -kkaŋajik
|
| -kkaŋasi
|
| -kkaŋak
|
| -kkaŋik
|
| -kkaŋik
|-
|-
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
| {{Center|'''3P'''}}
|
| -kkaŋani
|
| -kkaŋajiguk
|
| -kkaŋajigut
|
| -kkaŋajin
|
| -kkaŋajik
|
| -kkaŋasi
|
| -kkaŋat
|
| -kkaŋix
|
| -kkaŋix
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Intransitive participial paradigm
| {{Center|'''Person'''}}
| {{Center|'''Singular'''}}
| {{Center|'''Dual'''}}
| {{Center|'''Plural'''}}
|-
| {{Center|'''1'''}}
| -tuaŋa
| -tuaguk
| -tuagut
|-
| {{Center|'''2'''}}
| -tuajin
| -tuasik
| -tuasi
|-
| {{Center|'''3'''}}
| -tuaq
| -tuak
| -tuat
|}
|}
Notes
Notes
*The ː symbol means that the last phoneme of the radical is geminated.
*The ː symbol means that the last phoneme of the radical is geminated.
*In the case of the transitive participial, if the last consonant of the radical is k or q, they must be deleted, if it's t, then the kka becomes ta.
{{stub}}
{{stub}}
[[Category:Qasunattuuji]]
[[Category:Qasunattuuji]]
GJS
97

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