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Suwaash: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Suwaash''' is a conlang inspired by similarities between Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan (especially Rgyalrongic) and Athabaskan. It is an isolate within a large language family which includes monosyllabic tonal languages and Athabaskan-style polysynthetic languages. Suwaash is the lingua franca of modern Sngeaf. | ||
== Todo == | == Todo == | ||
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== Vocabulary == | == Vocabulary == | ||
Suwaash is about as purist as German or Finnish, but it has some loans from [[Anbirese]]. | |||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
The following describes Amisheg (Standard | The following describes Amisheg (Standard Suwaash) phonology. | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Amisheg has a moderately large consonant inventory: | Amisheg has a moderately large consonant inventory: | ||
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* b p m -> by py my | * b p m -> by py my | ||
* d t t' n l -> jy cy cy' ny ly | * d t t' n l -> jy cy cy' ny ly | ||
* g k k' x | * g k k' x -> jh ch ch' sh (at least in some roots?) | ||
* j c c' s | * j c c' s -> jy cy cy' sy | ||
* {{2}} w -> y y | * {{2}} w -> y y | ||
3-way alternating roots | 3-way alternating roots | ||
* j c c' s | * j c c' s ~ jh ch ch' sh ~ jy cy cy' sy | ||
Unexpectedly unalternating roots | Unexpectedly unalternating roots | ||
* Unalternating jh series roots | * Unalternating jh series roots | ||
* Unalternating g series roots | * Unalternating g series roots | ||
=== Sandhi === | === Sandhi === | ||
In | In Suwaash, sandhi occurs at morpheme boundaries within a word. Sandhi is applied ''after'' root ablaut and somewhat unpredictable prefix palatalizations are. | ||
== Dialects == | == Dialects == | ||
Different nonstandard dialects shift the sibilant system in different ways: | Different nonstandard dialects shift the sibilant system in different ways: | ||
* merging ''sh | * merging ''sh jh ch ch' '' with ''s j c c' '' (cf. Polish ''mazurzenie'') | ||
* merging ''sh | * merging ''sh jh ch ch' '' with ''sy jy cy cy' '' (cf. Polish ''jabłonkowanie'') | ||
* merging ''sy | * merging ''sy jy cy cy' '' with ''s j c c' '' (cf. Polish ''kaszubienie'') | ||
* shifting ''sh | * shifting ''sh jh ch ch' '' into velars /x kx kxʰ kxʼ/ or uvulars /χ qχ qχʰ qχʼ/ | ||
== Grammar == | == Grammar == | ||
Suwaash grammar is inspired by similarities between Sino-Tibetan and Navajo grammar. Like both Rgyalrongic and Athabaskan, Suwaash is head-final and has polypersonal marking, but it is not nearly as polysynthetic as either group. | |||
=== Nouns === | === Nouns === | ||
==== Possessive affixes ==== | ==== Possessive affixes ==== | ||
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=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
The verb is the only obligatory component of a | The verb is the only obligatory component of a Suwaash clause. Adjectives are also verbs. | ||
==== The root ==== | ==== The root ==== | ||
A | A Suwaash verb root consists of an obligatory initial, a vowel which may ablaut, and an optional final. | ||
Possible initials are: | Possible initials are: | ||
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* {{angbr|my by py}} | * {{angbr|my by py}} | ||
Final consonants are restricted to {{angbr|b d | Final consonants are restricted to {{angbr|b d s sh sy g {{2}} h l n}}; the -n final may not follow a nasal vowel. | ||
==== Personal affixes ==== | ==== Personal affixes ==== | ||