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=='''Introduction'''== | |||
==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
!Dental | |||
!Alveolar | |||
!Palatal | |||
!Velar | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Plosive | |||
! <small>Fortis</small> | |||
|p | |||
|t | |||
| | |||
|k | |||
|- | |||
! <small>Lenis</small> | |||
|b | |||
|d | |||
| | |||
|g | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Nasal | |||
| | |||
|n | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Fricative | |||
|ɸ | |||
|s | |||
| | |||
|x | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Approximant | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|j | |||
|w | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Lateral Approximant | |||
| | |||
|l | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Tap or Flap | |||
| | |||
|ɾ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! | |||
! Front | |||
! Back | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
|i | |||
|u | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
|e | |||
|o | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
|a | |||
|ɒ | |||
|} | |||
===Phonotactics=== | |||
====Syllable structure==== | |||
C1 (C2) (C3) V (C4) (C5) | |||
====Onset==== | |||
*Any consonant | |||
*Any plosive + /ɾ/ | |||
*Any fricative + /l/ | |||
*Any consonant except approximants + /j/ | |||
*Any plosive + /r/ + /j/ | |||
*Any fricative + /l/ + /j/ | |||
====Nucleus==== | |||
*Any vowel | |||
====Coda==== | |||
*/n ɾ/ except before themselves | |||
*/l/ except before itself or /ɾ/ | |||
==='''Allophonic changes'''=== | |||
===Stress=== | |||
Stress falls in the first syllable unless the word has a non initial closed syllable (a syllable with coda) in which case it falls on the second syllable | |||
=='''Orthography'''== | |||
==='''Writing system'''=== | |||
===Romanization=== | |||
====Transcription==== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
!Dental | |||
!Alveolar | |||
!Palatal | |||
!Velar | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Plosive | |||
! <small>Fortis</small> | |||
|p | |||
|t | |||
| | |||
|k | |||
|- | |||
! <small>Lenis</small> | |||
|b | |||
|d | |||
| | |||
|g | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Nasal | |||
| | |||
|n | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Fricative | |||
|f | |||
|s | |||
| | |||
|h | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Approximant | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|j | |||
|w | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Lateral Approximant | |||
| | |||
|l | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Tap or Flap | |||
| | |||
|r | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! | |||
! Front | |||
! Back | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
|i | |||
|u | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
|e | |||
|o | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
|a | |||
|ä | |||
|} | |||
===='''Transliteration'''==== | |||
=='''Nouns'''== | |||
==='''Noun structure'''=== | |||
==='''Noun phrase'''=== | |||
==='''Number'''=== | |||
==='''Cases'''=== | |||
==='''Types of nouns'''=== | |||
===='''Proper'''==== | |||
===='''Common'''==== | |||
==='''Noun derivation'''=== | |||
===='''Diminutives'''==== | |||
===='''Augmentatives'''==== | |||
===='''Compounding'''==== | |||
===='''Denominalization'''==== | |||
=='''Adpositions'''== | |||
==='''Adpositional phrase'''=== | |||
=='''Determiners'''== | |||
==='''Articles'''=== | |||
==='''Demonstratives'''=== | |||
==='''Quantifiers'''=== | |||
==='''Numerals'''=== | |||
=='''Verbs'''== | |||
==='''Verb structure'''=== | |||
==='''Verb phrase'''=== | |||
==='''Tense'''=== | |||
==='''Aspect'''=== | |||
==='''Mood'''=== | |||
==='''Direction'''=== | |||
==='''Causativity'''=== | |||
==='''Types of verbs'''=== | |||
===='''Lexical verbs'''==== | |||
===='''Auxiliary verbs'''==== | |||
==='''Verb derivation'''=== | |||
===='''Nominalization'''==== | |||
===='''Compounding'''==== | |||
=='''Adverbs'''== | |||
==='''Manner'''=== | |||
==='''Time'''=== | |||
==='''Direction/location'''=== | |||
==='''Evidential/epistemic'''=== | |||
=='''Adjectives'''== | |||
=='''Synatx'''== | |||
==='''Basic sentences'''=== | |||
===='''Main clause'''==== | |||
====='''Argument dropping'''===== | |||
====='''Topicalization'''===== | |||
===='''Interrogative'''==== | |||
===='''Imperative'''==== | |||
===='''Hortative'''==== | |||
===='''Reflexive'''==== | |||
===='''Reciprocal'''==== | |||
===='''Comparative'''==== | |||
===='''Causative'''==== | |||
===='''Applicative'''==== | |||
==='''Advanced sentences'''=== | |||
===='''Serial verbs'''==== | |||
===='''Relative clause'''==== | |||
===='''Adverbial clause'''==== | |||
===='''Conditional clause'''==== | |||
===='''Complement clauses'''==== |
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