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A language created for personal practice and potential inclusion in the Conglomera project.
A language created for personal practice and fun!


==Background==
==Background==
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<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
Vowel inventory
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Consonant inventory
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|  
|  
| k g
| k g
|  
| ʔ
|-
|-
! style="" |Fricative
! style="" |Fricative
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! style="" |Close
! style="" |Close
| i
| i
| ɨ
| ɤ
|  
|  
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! style="" |Near-open
! style="" |Near-open
| æ
| e̞
|  
|  
|  
|  
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''F=Fricative''<br />
''F=Fricative''<br />
''P=Plosive''<br />
''P=Plosive''<br />
All syllables have the following structure
<!--All syllables have the following structure
* '''(F)C(V)V((F)P)'''
* '''(F)C(V)V((F)P)'''-->
There are three types of syllables in Sast: precursory, subsequent and amalgam. Generally speaking, precursory and subsequent syllables come in pairs, whereas amalgam syllables come on their own. Note how the amalgam syllable is very similar to a precursory-subsequent syllable pair. The hyphen in the subsequent syllable represents a glottal stop, as all subsequent syllables start with one.
*Precursory: '''(F)CV'''
*Subsequent: '''-V((F)P)'''
*Amalgam: '''(F)CV((F)P)'''


====Consonant clusters====
Certain consonant clusters never occur, due to their difficulty in pronounciation. Others are rare, but still do occur.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible" style="text-align:center"
! colspan=22 | Consonant clusters
|-
!
! p !! b !! t̪ !! d̪ !! t !! d !! k !! g !! ʔ !! f !! v !! θ !! ð !! s !! ç !! ʝ !! ɧ !! h !! ɬ !! ⱱ !! ɾ
|-
! p
| - || - || - || - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| pk || - || - || pf || pv || pθ || pð || ps || pç ||style="background:mistyrose"|  pʝ || pɧ || - || pɬ || - || pɾ
|-
! b
| - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| bd̪ || - || - || - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| bf || bv || bθ || bð || bs || bç || bʝ || bɧ || - ||style="background:mistyrose"|  bɬ || - || bɾ
|-
! t̪
| - || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || t̪f || t̪v || t̪θ || t̪ð || style="background:mistyrose"| t̪s || t̪ç ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! d̪
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! t
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! d
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! k
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! g
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ʔ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! f
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! v
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! θ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ð
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! s
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ç
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ʝ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɧ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! h
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɬ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ⱱ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɾ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
|}


===Orthography===
===Orthography===
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! style="width: 50px;" colspan="2"| Orthography
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="2"| Orthography
|-
|-
! IPA !! Romanized
! IPA !! Digraphic
|-
|-
| p || P p
| p || P p
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|-
|-
| g || G g
| g || G g
|-
| ʔ || - (Hyphen)
|-
|-
| f || F f
| f || F f
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| s || S s
| s || S s
|-
|-
| ç || Ss ss
| ç || Sh sh
|-
|-
| ʝ || Z z
| ʝ || Z z
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| i || I i
| i || I i
|-
|-
| ɨ || U u
| ɤ || U u
|-
|-
| ɔ || O o
| ɔ || O o
|-
|-
| æ || E e
| e̞ || E e
|-
|-
| a || A a
| a || A a
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==Grammar==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
==Parts of speech==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
====Gender====
====Gender====
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Nouns inflect differently based on gender, and verbs inflect for the gender of the subject.
Nouns inflect differently based on gender, and verbs inflect for the gender of the subject.
''Note: the genders need reworking. There are still going to be 4, but I will probably change inanimate to neuter or something like that''


====Case====
====Case====
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* Nominative
* Nominative
* Accusative
* Accusative
Subjects are writting in nominative form, whereas both accusative and dative objects are written in accusative form.
Subjects are written in nominative form, whereas both accusative and dative objects are written in accusative form.
The case of a noun affects its suffix in most cases.<br />
The case of a noun affects its suffix in most cases.<br />
Generally, the accusative contains fricatives, while the nominative does not. This is however not always the case.
Generally, the accusative contains fricatives, while the nominative does not. This is however not always the case.<br />
Note that there is no genetive form, but rather a genitive particle. This is covered in the ''adverbials'' section.


====Number====
====Number====
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|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | Gender↓
! rowspan="3" | Gender↓
! style="480" colspan="6" | Case
! style="480" colspan="6" | Case & Number
|-
|-
! style="width: 240px" colspan="3" | Nominative  
! style="width: 240px" colspan="3" | Nominative  
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| -udd
| -udd
| rowspan="2" | -usjk
| rowspan="2" | -usjk
| -usst
| -usht
| -ussd
| -ushd
| rowspan="2" | -ulk
| rowspan="2" | -ilk
|-
|-
! Masculine  
! Masculine  
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===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
====Personal pronouns====
====Personal pronouns====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan ="11" | Personal pronouns
|-
! rowspan="2" | Case
! rowspan="2" | Gender
! style="" colspan="3" | 1st person
! style="" colspan="3" | 2nd person
! style="" colspan="3" | 3rd person
|-
! style="" | Singular
! style="" | Dual
! style="" | Plural
! style="" | Singular
! style="" | Dual
! style="" | Plural
! style="" | Singular
! style="" | Dual
! style="" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px" rowspan="4" | Nominative
! style="width: 70px" | Inanimate
| N/A
| N/A
| N/A
| N/A
| N/A
| N/A
| Tte
| Di
| Ddi
|-
! style="" | Feminine
| Sha
| style="" rowspan="2"| Zki
| style="" rowspan="2"| Sku
| Za-a
|  style="" rowspan="2"| Du-i
|  style="" rowspan="2"| Di-i
| Vzo-i
|  style="" rowspan="2"|Tzshi
|  style="" rowspan="2"|Tatt
|-
! style="" | Masculine
|
|
|
|-
! style="" | Spiritual
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|-
! style="" rowspan="4" | Accusative
! style="" | Inanimate
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="" | Feminine
|
| style="" rowspan="2"|
| style="" rowspan="2"|
|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|-
! style="" | Masculine
|
|
|
|-
! style="" | Spiritual
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|
| style="" colspan="2" |
|-
|}
====Interogative and relative pronouns====
====Interogative and relative pronouns====
====Indefinite pronouns====
====Indefinite pronouns====


===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Verbs in Sast have 5 tenses and 3 aspects, as well as 4 moods that do not inflect further.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 600px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="4"| Verb tenses
|-
! Tenses || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Simple || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Progressive || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Habitual
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Past || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Pre-hodiernal || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Present || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Post-hodiernal ||  || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Future || || ||
|-
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="4"| Other moods
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Imperative || -aki- || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Negative || -ego-
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Interogative || -ili- || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Subjunctive || -atz
|}


===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
===Adverbs===
===Particles===
As particles are much more situational they will not displayed in a table, but rather be listed and explained.
====The relative particle====
To mark the beginning of of a noun clause


Adverbs
==Syntax==
Particles
Sast is an '''SOV''' language, meaning the subject is followed by the object, and last comes the verb.
Derivational morphology
*Example: I am following him -> I him following


'''Adverbials''' are always added after the word that they are modifying.
*Example: I am following him with courage -> I him following with courage.


'''Noun clauses''' are formed using the relative particle "la" to mark the start of a noun clause and the end particle "tza" to end it.
*Example: I think that following people is wrong -> I "la" people following "tza" wrong is.


===Syntax===
 
====Subordinate clauses====
=====Adverbials=====
=====Noun phrases=====
 
==Derivational morphology==
Derivations are done using either suffixes or infixes before the last syllable.
===Nouns===
*''Verb-to-noun'' is done by infixing "asj" before the last syllable.
*''Adjective-to-noun'' is done by suffixing "ash".
*''Maker'', implying the doer of an action or the maker of an object is done by infixing "ttip".
*''Recipient'', implying the object of a specific action is marked by infixing "dab".
 
===Verbs===
===Adjectives===
===Adverbs===


<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->


[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
Ponzai
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