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User:Ponzai/Sast: Difference between revisions

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User:Ponzai/Sast (view source)

Revision as of 21:02, 24 October 2015

4,861 bytes added ,  24 October 2015
→‎Verbs: did some basic shit
(→‎Orthography: added glottal stop)
(→‎Verbs: did some basic shit)
 
(23 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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A language created for personal practice and potential inclusion in the Conglomera project.
A language created for personal practice and fun!


==Background==
==Background==
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<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
Vowel inventory
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Consonant inventory
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''F=Fricative''<br />
''F=Fricative''<br />
''P=Plosive''<br />
''P=Plosive''<br />
All syllables have the following structure
<!--All syllables have the following structure
* '''(F)C(V)V((F)P)'''
* '''(F)C(V)V((F)P)'''-->
There are three types of syllables in Sast: precursory, subsequent and amalgam. Generally speaking, precursory and subsequent syllables come in pairs, whereas amalgam syllables come on their own. Note how the amalgam syllable is very similar to a precursory-subsequent syllable pair. The hyphen in the subsequent syllable represents a glottal stop, as all subsequent syllables start with one.
*Precursory: '''(F)CV'''
*Subsequent: '''-V((F)P)'''
*Amalgam: '''(F)CV((F)P)'''


====Consonant clusters====
Certain consonant clusters never occur, due to their difficulty in pronounciation. Others are rare, but still do occur.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible" style="text-align:center"
! colspan=22 | Consonant clusters
|-
!
! p !! b !! t̪ !! d̪ !! t !! d !! k !! g !! ʔ !! f !! v !! θ !! ð !! s !! ç !! ʝ !! ɧ !! h !! ɬ !! ⱱ !! ɾ
|-
! p
| - || - || - || - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| pk || - || - || pf || pv || pθ || pð || ps || pç ||style="background:mistyrose"|  pʝ || pɧ || - || pɬ || - || pɾ
|-
! b
| - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| bd̪ || - || - || - || - || - || style="background:mistyrose"| bf || bv || bθ || bð || bs || bç || bʝ || bɧ || - ||style="background:mistyrose"|  bɬ || - || bɾ
|-
! t̪
| - || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || t̪f || t̪v || t̪θ || t̪ð || style="background:mistyrose"| t̪s || t̪ç ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! d̪
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! t
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! d
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! k
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! g
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ʔ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! f
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! v
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! θ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ð
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! s
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ç
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ʝ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɧ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! h
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɬ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ⱱ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
! ɾ
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||
|-
|}


===Orthography===
===Orthography===
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! style="width: 50px;" colspan="2"| Orthography
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="2"| Orthography
|-
|-
! IPA !! Romanized
! IPA !! Digraphic
|-
|-
| p || P p
| p || P p
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| s || S s
| s || S s
|-
|-
| ç || Ss ss
| ç || Sh sh
|-
|-
| ʝ || Z z
| ʝ || Z z
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Nouns inflect differently based on gender, and verbs inflect for the gender of the subject.
Nouns inflect differently based on gender, and verbs inflect for the gender of the subject.
''Note: the genders need reworking. There are still going to be 4, but I will probably change inanimate to neuter or something like that''


====Case====
====Case====
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Subjects are written in nominative form, whereas both accusative and dative objects are written in accusative form.
Subjects are written in nominative form, whereas both accusative and dative objects are written in accusative form.
The case of a noun affects its suffix in most cases.<br />
The case of a noun affects its suffix in most cases.<br />
Generally, the accusative contains fricatives, while the nominative does not. This is however not always the case.
Generally, the accusative contains fricatives, while the nominative does not. This is however not always the case.<br />
Note that there is no genetive form, but rather a genitive particle. This is covered in the ''adverbials'' section.


====Number====
====Number====
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|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | Gender↓
! rowspan="3" | Gender↓
! style="480" colspan="6" | Case
! style="480" colspan="6" | Case & Number
|-
|-
! style="width: 240px" colspan="3" | Nominative  
! style="width: 240px" colspan="3" | Nominative  
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| -udd
| -udd
| rowspan="2" | -usjk
| rowspan="2" | -usjk
| -usst
| -usht
| -ussd
| -ushd
| rowspan="2" | -ilk
| rowspan="2" | -ilk
|-
|-
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! style="" | Plural
! style="" | Plural
|-
|-
! style="width: 70px" rowspan="4" | Subject
! style="width: 70px" rowspan="4" | Nominative
! style="width: 70px" | Inanimate
! style="width: 70px" | Inanimate
| N/A
| N/A
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|-
|-
! style="" | Feminine
! style="" | Feminine
| Ssa
| Sha
| style="" rowspan="2"| Zki
| style="" rowspan="2"| Zki
| style="" rowspan="2"| Sku
| style="" rowspan="2"| Sku
|  
| Za-a
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"| Du-i
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"| Di-i
|  
| Vzo-i
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|Tzshi
|  style="" rowspan="2"|
|  style="" rowspan="2"|Tatt
|-
|-
! style="" | Masculine
! style="" | Masculine
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| style="" colspan="2" |
| style="" colspan="2" |
|-
|-
! style="" rowspan="4" | Object
! style="" rowspan="4" | Accusative
! style="" | Inanimate
! style="" | Inanimate
|
|
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===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Verbs in Sast have 5 tenses and 3 aspects, as well as 4 moods that do not inflect further.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 600px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="4"| Verb tenses
|-
! Tenses || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Simple || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Progressive || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Habitual
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Past || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Pre-hodiernal || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Present || || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Post-hodiernal ||  || ||
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Future || || ||
|-
! style="width: 50px;" colspan="4"| Other moods
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Imperative || -aki- || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Negative || -ego-
|-
| style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Interogative || -ili- || style="background:#e0e0ff;" | Subjunctive || -atz
|}


===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
 
===Adverbs===
Adverbs
===Particles===
Particles
As particles are much more situational they will not displayed in a table, but rather be listed and explained.
Derivational morphology
====The relative particle====
 
To mark the beginning of of a noun clause
 


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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*Example: I am following him with courage -> I him following with courage.
*Example: I am following him with courage -> I him following with courage.


'''Sentential arguments''' are formed using a relative suffix on the verb of the primary clause.
'''Noun clauses''' are formed using the relative particle "la" to mark the start of a noun clause and the end particle "tza" to end it.
*Example: I thought-that
*Example: I think that following people is wrong -> I "la" people following "tza" wrong is.


'''Relative clauses''' are formed using a relative suffix on the subject of the clause.
*Example: I am following him with courage in my heart -> I him following with courage-which is in my heart.


====Subordinate clauses====
====Subordinate clauses====
=====Adverbials=====
=====Adverbials=====
=====Sentential arguments=====
=====Noun phrases=====
=====Relative clauses=====
 
==Derivational morphology==
Derivations are done using either suffixes or infixes before the last syllable.
===Nouns===
*''Verb-to-noun'' is done by infixing "asj" before the last syllable.
*''Adjective-to-noun'' is done by suffixing "ash".
*''Maker'', implying the doer of an action or the maker of an object is done by infixing "ttip".
*''Recipient'', implying the object of a specific action is marked by infixing "dab".
 
===Verbs===
===Adjectives===
===Adverbs===
 
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->


[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
Ponzai
56

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