130
edits
Hwnic: Difference between revisions
→Morphology: verbs
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
(→Morphology: verbs) Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
| Line 70: | Line 70: | ||
=== Nouns === | === Nouns === | ||
Nouns are not declined based on grammatical roles. Nouns may be split into two categories, namely those singular by default, often solitary, unique, or abstract, and those plural by default, often gregarious or measured by amount (such as uncountable nouns in English). When the usage indicates a different number than the default or when specification is desired, a ''suffix of number'' may be attached to the noun to express a wide range of meanings | Nouns are not declined based on grammatical roles. Nouns may be split into two categories, namely those singular by default, often solitary, unique, or abstract, and those plural by default, often gregarious or measured by amount (such as uncountable nouns in English). When the usage indicates a different number than the default or when specification is desired, a ''suffix of number'' may be attached to the noun to express a wide range of meanings. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| -il || -ij | |||
|- | |||
| linear arrangement of | grouping of | |||
|}- | |||
''il'' "linear arrangement of", -''ij'' "grouping of", -''is'' "member of", -''ik'' "small amount of". | |||
A noun may be preceded by a particle that may express determinate/indeterminate, figurative/literal, and general/specific. Although the particle corresponds to the determiner in English, in Hwnic it is frequently seen as part of the noun, where certain combinations may have idiomatic meanings in certain contexts, such as ''ci ceqn'' "a specific pattern of excessive buying for the purpose of obtaining collectibles". | A noun may be preceded by a particle that may express determinate/indeterminate, figurative/literal, and general/specific. Although the particle corresponds to the determiner in English, in Hwnic it is frequently seen as part of the noun, where certain combinations may have idiomatic meanings in certain contexts, such as ''ci ceqn'' "a specific pattern of excessive buying for the purpose of obtaining collectibles". | ||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
Verbs are conjugated to person, number, and sometimes mood. A suffix for person-number is glossed as 1Sg, 1Pl, 2Sg, 2Pl, 3Sg, 3Pl, 3N, or "3I". With a non-person subject, the singular and plural forms are the same. "3I" is only used in agreement when the subject is "nothing", "one" (as in an if-clause), or another hypothetical concept, and has no corresponding pronoun. | |||
An auxiliary verb added after the main verb can show tense, aspect, and volition, glossed as PST.PFV, VOL.PRES.IPFV, or similar. For volition, there is VOL for voluntary actions, INVOL for involuntary actions which the agent is conscious of but cannot control, NONVOL for involuntary actions which the agent is not conscious of, and NOWILL for events involving no willful agents. | |||
=== Adjectives and determiners === | === Adjectives and determiners === | ||