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| {{List subpages}}
| | == Family tree == |
| '''Eliaká''' (Ελιιακά) or '''Eliačíe hlôssa''' (Ελιιακή γλώσσα /ɛʎɪ̯ɐˈt͡ʂɪ̯ɛ ˈɦɫʊ̯ɔsɐ/) is a Hellenic language (a descendent of quasi-Koiné Greek) inspired mainly by Portuguese and secondarily by Slovak and Russian. It is the third most populous Hellenic language in the Irta timeline.
| | * Kawenic |
| | | ** Quququqquqqic |
| Initial r, rr, r in front of i/j > Czech ř
| | *** [[Verse:Angai/Quququqquq|Quququqquq]]: Angai Japan and Korea, which consists of two countries, one liberal democracy and one ecofascist state; Angai western North America, including California |
| | | **** (Timeline 3) An Uwulang giblang |
| Numbers:
| | *** [[Verse:Angai/Tucootka|Tucootka]] |
| # m: εις ''his'' /ɪʃ/ f: μνια ''mnia'' /mɲɪ̯ɐ/ n: εμ ''hem'' /ɛũ/
| | ** [[Verse:Angai/Tuatu'yat|Tuatu'yat]] |
| # διου ''diu'' /dʐu/
| | ** [[Verse:Angai/Kawenyen|Kawenyen]] |
| # τρεις ''třis'' /tr̝iʃ/
| | ** [[Verse:Angai/Sikorian|Sikorian]] |
| # τέσσερα ''téssera'' /ˈtesɨrə/
| |
| # πέντε ''pente'' /pɪ̃tʂɨ/
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| # έιξε ''heixe'' /ˈeiʃɨ/
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| # εύτα ''heuta'' /ˈɛutə/
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| # οϊτώ ''oitô'' /oiˈtoə/
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| # ενία ''enhia'' /ɪ̃ˈɲiə/
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| # δέκα ''deca'' /ˈdekə/
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|
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| == Phonology == | | == Phonology == |
| {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
| | /t~ɾ k~ɣ~ʔ s m n~ŋ~ɴ {{zh}} j w a ə u/ |
| ! rowspan="2" |
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| ! colspan="2" | [[Front vowel|Front]]
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| ! colspan="2" | [[Back vowel|Back]]
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| |- class=small
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| ! short
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| ! long
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| ! short
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| ! long
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| |-
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| ! align="left" | [[Close vowel|Close]]
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| | align="center" | i̞
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| | align="center" | i̞ː
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| | align="center" | u̞
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| | align="center" | u̞ː
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| |-
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| ! align="left" | [[Mid vowel|Mid]]
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| | align="center" | e̞
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| | align="center" | (e̞ː)
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| | align="center" | ɔ
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| | align="center" | (ɔː)
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| |-
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| ! align="left" | [[Open vowel|Open]]
| |
| | align="center" |
| |
| |
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| | align="center" | ɐ
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| | align="center" | ɐː
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| |-
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| ! align="left" | [[Diphthong]]s
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| | colspan="4" align="center" | (ɪu) ɪe ɪɐ ʊɔ
| |
| |}
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| | |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
| |
| |+ Slovak consonant phonemes
| |
| ! colspan="3" |
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| ! [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
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| ! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
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| ! [[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
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| ! [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
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| ! [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
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| ! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
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| |-
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| ! colspan="3" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
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| | m
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| | n
| |
| |
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| | ɲ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
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| ! [[voicelessness|voiceless]]
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| | p
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| | t
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| |
| |
| | c
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| | k
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| |
| |
| |-
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| ! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
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| | b
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| | d
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| |
| |
| | ɟ
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| | ɡ
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| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
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| ! [[voicelessness|voiceless]]
| |
| |
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| | ts
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| | tʂ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
| |
| |
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| | dz
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| | dʐ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
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| ! [[voicelessness|voiceless]]
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| | f
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| | s
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| | ʂ
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| |
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| | x
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| |
| |
| |-
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| ! [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]
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| |ʋ|v
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| | z
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| | ʐ
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| |
| |
| |
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| | ɦ
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" | [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
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| ! colspan="2" | plain
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| | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| | j
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| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" | [[Lateral consonant|lateral]]
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| ! short
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| |
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| | ɫ|l
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| |
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| | ʎ
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| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! [[gemination|geminated]]
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| |
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| | ɫ|lː
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| |
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | [[Trill consonant|Trill]]
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| ! short
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| | r
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| | r{{raised}}
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| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! [[gemination|geminated]]
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| |
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| | rː
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| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| == Morphology ==
| |
| === Nouns ===
| |
| Elicá kept only two cases, nominative and genitive/accusative; it merged the genitive and the accusative but kept some of the old accusative forms (compared to [[Ašča]], which kept the nominative, genitive and vocative). However, Elicá preserves the neuter gender unlike [[Ašča]]. Possession is indicated with για ''ja'' (from AGr δια), and ''definite'' accusative objects are marked with σ- or στ- before the definite article.
| |
| | |
| The declension classes are:
| |
| * ''o ánßropos'' /u 'ɔũsropuʃ/
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| * ''o ándras'' = /u 'ɔũdrɐʃ/, Αγαπάω στο άνδρα. ''Agapáo sto ándra.'' /əgɐ'pau stu ɔũdrɐ/ 'I love the man'
| |
| * ''to dôro'' /tu 'doəru/
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| * ''to pezí'' /tu pe'ʒi/
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| * ''i głốssa''
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| * ''i pßisí''
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| * ''o strachốtis''
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| * ''to ásty''
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| | |
| | |
| * nom. sg. ''o ánßropos'' /ɔũsropuʃ/, gen./acc. sg. ''ja to anßrópu'' /ɔũ'sropu/, nom. pl. ''i anßrópi'' /'ɔũsropi/, gen./acc. pl. ''ja tum anßrópõu'' /ɔũ'sropoũ/
| |
| * ''o ándras'', ''ja to ándra'', ''i ándres'', ''ja tum ándrum''
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| * nom. sg. ''to dôro'' /'doəru/, gen./acc. sg. ''ja to dôru'' /'doəru/, nom. pl. ''ta dôra'' /'doərə/, gen./acc.pl. ''ja tum dôrõu'' /'doəroũ/
| |
| * ''e głôssa'' /gʀoəsə/, ''ja tem głôssa'' /gʀoəsə/, ''es głôsses'' /gʀoəsɪʃ/, ''ja tum głôssam'' /'gʀoəsɐũ/
| |
| * ''e pßisê'' /psi'ʃeə/, ''ja tem pßisê'' /psi'ʃeə/, ''es pßises'' /psi'ʃɪʃ/, ''ja tum pßisím'' /psi'ʃĩ/
| |
| | |
| === Verbs ===
| |
| -tem comes from -te hymeis
| |
| ==== Consonant verbs ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
| |
| |+ γράφειμ ''hráfô'' 'I write'
| |
| ! voice !! tense || ''gô'' || ''ši'' || ''outós/outê'' || ''mís'' || ''ís'' || ''outí/outés''
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |active !! present
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| | γράφω ''hráfô'' /'ɦrɐfʊɔ/ || γράφεις ''hráfiš'' /'ɦrɐfɪʂ/ || γράφει ''hráfi'' /ɦrafɪ/ || γράφουμε ''hráfume'' /'ɦrafʊmɛ/ || γράφειτει ''hráfiti'' /'ɦrafɪcɪ/ || γράφουσ ''hráfus'' /'ɦrɐfʊs/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! subjunctive
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| | γράψω ''hrápsô'' /'ɦrɐpsʊɔ/ || γράψεις ''hrápsiš'' /'ɦrɐpsɪʂ/ || γράψει ''hrápßi'' /'ɦrapsɪ/ || γράψουμε ''hrápßume'' /'ɦrapsʊmɛ/ || γράψειτει ''hrápsiti'' /'ɦrapsɪcɪ/ || γράψουσ ''hrápsus'' /'ɦrɐpsʊs/
| |
| |-
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| ! past
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| | έγραψα ''éhrapsa'' /'ɛɦrɐpsɐ/ || έγραψας ''éhrapsaš'' /'ɛɦrɐpsɐʂ/ || έγραψε ''éhrapse'' /'ɛɦrɐpsɛ/ || γράψαμε ''ehrápsame'' /ɛɦ'rapsɐmɛ/ || γράψατει ''ehrápsati'' /ɛɦ'rapsɐcɪ/ || έγραψασ ''égrapsas'' /'ɛɦrɐpsɐs/
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ==== ''a''-contracted verbs ====
| |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
| |
| |+ αγαπάμ ''agapám'' 'to love'
| |
| ! voice !! tense || ''gô'' || ''si'' || ''outós/outê'' || ''mís'' || ''ís'' || ''outí/outés''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="3" |active !! present
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| | αγαπάω ''agapáo'' /əgɐ'pau/ || αγαπάεις ''agapáis'' /əgɐ'paɪʃ/ || αγαπάει ''agapái'' /əgɐ'paɪ/ || αγαπάμε ''agapáme'' /əgɐ'pamɪ/ || αγαπάτεμ ''agapátem'' /əgɐ'patʂɪ̃/ || αγαπάσ ''agapáß'' /əgɐ'pas/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! subjunctive
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| | αγαπήσω ''agapêso'' /əgɐ'piəsu/ || αγαπήσεις ''agapêsis'' /əgɐ'piəsɪʃ/ || αγαπήσει ''agapêsi'' /əgɐ'piəsɪ/ || αγαπήσουμε ''agapêsume'' /əgɐ'piəsʊmɪ/ || αγαπήσετεμ ''agapêsetem'' /əgɐ'piəsɪtʂɪ̃/ || αγαπήσουσ ''agapêsuß'' /əgɐ'piəsʊs/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! past
| |
| | αγαπήκα ''agapêca'' /əgɐ'piəkə/ || αγαπήκας ''agapêcas'' /əgɐ'piəkəʃ/ || αγαπήκε ''agapêce'' /əgɐ'piətʃɪ/ || αγαπήκαμε ''agapêcame'' /əgɐ'piəkəmɪ/ || αγαπήκατεμ ''agapêcatem'' /əgɐ'piəkətʂɪ̃/ || αγαπήκασ ''agapêcaß'' /əgɐ'piəkɐs/
| |
| |}
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| | |
| [[Category:Hellenic languages]]
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| {{IE|}}
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