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| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
| The Standard Dagȳne Nurian consonant inventory contains around 42 consonants and 12 vowels. A notable feature of the phonology of most Nurian accents is phonemic palatalization in hard-soft pairs, similar to Lithuanian; however, the Fiuschērian dialect or accent is an exception in that the hard-soft distinction is realized as pharyngealization versus lack of pharygealization. All consonants except /ħ ʕ h j/ are members of a hard-soft-pair. /ħ ʕ h j/ color the /a/ vowel as if they were soft, and /ħ ʕ/ tend to lower adjacent vowels. | | The Nurian consonant inventory contains around 42 consonants and 12 vowels. A notable feature of the phonology of most Nurian accents is phonemic palatalization in hard-soft pairs, similar to Lithuanian; however, the Fiuschēra dialect or accent is an exception in that the hard-soft distinction is realized as pharyngealization versus lack of pharygealization. All consonants except /ħ ʕ h j/ are members of a hard-soft-pair. /ħ ʕ h j/ color the /a/ vowel as if they were soft, and /ħ ʕ/ tend to lower adjacent vowels. |
| ===Standard Dagȳne accent=== | | ===Standard Dagȳne accent=== |
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| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" | | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" |
| |- | | |- |
| |+'''Consonant phonemes in Fiuschēra Nurian''' | | |+'''Consonant phonemes in Nurian (Fiuschēra)''' |
| !rowspan="2" colspan="2"| | | !rowspan="2" colspan="2"| |
| !colspan="2" | Labial | | !colspan="2" | Labial |
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;" | | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;" |
| |+ '''Vowel phonemes in Fiuschēra Nurian''' | | |+ '''Vowel phonemes in Nurian (Fiuschēra)''' |
| ! rowspan="2" style=""| | | ! rowspan="2" style=""| |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Front | | ! colspan="2" style="" |Front |
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| |} | | |} |
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| /ɐɪ ɐʊ iə~iɛ iɚ uɚ ɛɚ ɔɚ ɑɚ/ = /ɐj ɐw iə iə uə ɛə~æə əː ɑə/ | | /ɐɪ ɐʊ iə~iɛ iɚ uɚ ɛɚ ɔɚ ɑɚ/ = /ɐj ɐw iə iɚ uɚ ɛɚ~æɚ ɚː ɑɚ/ |
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| <!--
| | ===Garubbia=== |
| ===Accent 2=== | | Non-rhotic Mandarin |
| Mandarin pseudo-gib | |
| *ci gi chi ghi = [tʂ dʐ ʂ ʐ]
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| *sci = [ʂtʂ]
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| *ti di si zi = [tɕ dʑ ɕ ʑ]
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| *thi dhi = [ts dz]
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| *ni ngi > [ɲ]
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| *li > [ʎ]
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| *ri > [ʐ]
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| | |
| ====Consonants====
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| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
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| |-
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| |+'''Consonant phonemes in Standard Nurian [Accent 2]'''
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| !rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
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| !colspan="2" | Labial
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| !rowspan="2" | Dental
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| !rowspan="2" | Alveolar
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| !rowspan="2" | Retroflex
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| !rowspan="2" | Palatal
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| !rowspan="2" | Velar
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| !rowspan="2" | Radical
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| !rowspan="2" | Glottal
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| |-
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| ! <small>hard</small>
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| ! <small>soft</small>
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Nasal
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| | /m/ || /mʲ/
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| |colspan="2"|/n/
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| | /ɲ/
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| | /ŋ/
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2" | Stop
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| !<small>tenuis</small>
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| | /p/ || /pʲ/
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| | /t/
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| | /ts/
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| | /tʂ/
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| | /tɕ/
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| | /k/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | /b/ || /bʲ/
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| | /d/
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| | /dz/
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| | /dʐ/
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| | /dʑ/
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| | /ɡ/
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Fricative
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| !<small>voiceless</small>
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| | /f/ || /fʲ/
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| | /θ/
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| | /s/
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| | /ʂ/
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| | /ɕ/
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| | /x/
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| | /ħ/
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| | /h/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | /v/ || /vʲ/
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| | /ð/
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| | /z/
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| | /ʐ/
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| | /ʑ/
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| | /ɣ/
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| | /ʕ/
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| |-
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| !colspan=2| Trill
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| | /r/
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| |-
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| !rowspan=2| Approximant
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| !<small>central</small>
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| | /j/
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| |-
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| !<small>lateral</small>
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| | /l/ ||
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| | /ʎ/
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| |}
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| ====Vowels====
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
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| |+ '''Vowel phonemes in Nurian [Accent 2]'''
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| ! rowspan="2" style=""|
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| ! colspan="3" style="" |Front
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| ! colspan="2" style="" |Central
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| ! colspan="3" style="" |Back
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| |-
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>rhotic</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>rhotic</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>rhotic</small>
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Close
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| | /ɪ~ɪ̞/
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| | /iː/
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| | /i˞ː/
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| | /ʊ/
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| | /uː/
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| |rowspan="2"| /oː˞/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Mid
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| |rowspan="2"|[ɛ~æ]
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| | [eː˞]
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| | [ə]
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| | /ɚː/
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| | /ɔ/
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| | /oː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Open
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| | [æː]
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| | /ɐ/
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| | /aː/
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| | [ɑː]
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| | [ɒː˞]
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| |}
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| Many vowels are centralized after retroflexes: /a aː ɝ i iː ɪɚ/ become [ä äː ɐɚ ɨ ɨː ɘɚ]
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| -->
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| ===Garubbia===
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| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" | | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" |
| |- | | |- |
| |+'''Consonant phonemes in Nurian (Garubbia)''' | | |+'''Consonant phonemes (Garubbia)''' |
| !rowspan="2" colspan="2"| | | !rowspan="2" colspan="2"| |
| !colspan="2" | Labial | | !colspan="2" | Labial |
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| ====Vowels==== | | ====Vowels==== |
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;" | | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;" |
| |+ '''Vowel phonemes in Nurian [Accent 2]''' | | |+ '''Vowel phonemes [Accent 2]''' |
| ! rowspan="2" style=""| | | ! rowspan="2" style=""| |
| ! colspan="3" style="" |Front | | ! colspan="3" style="" |Front |
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| |} | | |} |
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| Many vowels are centralized after retroflexes: /a aː ɝ i iː ɪɚ/ become [ä äː ɐɚ ɨ ɨː ɘɚ] | | Many vowels are centralized after retroflexes: /a aː ɝ i iː ɪɚ/ become [ä äː ɐə ɨ ɨː ɘə] |
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