Luthic: Difference between revisions

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{{Featured
{{Featured
|featured banner= Þatta artighio è aena rasda ascritta. Scia votauda ascritta grazie alla seina livella qualitadi, piausevoletadi e capacitadi di utilizza.}}
|featured banner= Þatta artighio è iena rasda ascritta. Gia votauda ascritta grazie alla sina livella qualitadi, piausevoletadi e capacitadi di utilizza.}}
{{privatelang}}
{{privatelang}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
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| brcl            = luth
| brcl            = luth
}}
}}
==Disclaimer==
This article is extremely outdated, without a forecast to be updated. [https://docs.google.com/document/d/12cxldxeUnAzpVeVElpPF4qe81NrwHjPGbeSIYspeAIA/edit?usp=sharing| The most updated resource can be checked here.]
<br>
Sincerely, [[User:Lëtzelúcia|Lëtzelúcia]].
==Luthic==
[[Luthic]] ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈluːθ.ɪk/]] [[w:Help:Pronunciation respelling key|''LOOTH-ik'']], less often [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈlʌθ.ɪk/]] [[w:Help:Pronunciation respelling key|''LUTH-ik'']], also ''Luthish''; [[w:Endonym|endonym]]: ''Lûthica'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈlu.ti.xɐ]]] or ''Rasda Lûthica'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈraz.dɐ ˈlu.ti.xɐ]]]) is an [[w:Italic languages|Italic language]] that is spoken by the Luths, with strong [[w:East Germanic languages|East Germanic]] influence. Unlike other [[w:Romance languages|Romance languages]], such as [[w:Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:Catalan language|Catalan]], [[w:Occitan language|Occitan]] and [[w:French language|French]], Luthic has a large inherited vocabulary from [[w:East Germanic languages|East Germanic]], instead of only proper names that survived in historical accounts, and [[w:Loanword|loanwords]]. About 250,000 people speak Luthic worldwide.
[[Luthic]] ([[w:Help:IPA|/ˈluːθ.ɪk/]] [[w:Help:Pronunciation respelling key|''LOOTH-ik'']], less often [[w:Help:IPA|/ˈlʌθ.ɪk/]] [[w:Help:Pronunciation respelling key|''LUTH-ik'']], also ''Luthish''; [[w:Endonym|endonym]]: ''Lûthica'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈlu.ti.xɐ]]] or ''Rasda Lûthica'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈraz.dɐ ˈlu.ti.xɐ]]]) is an [[w:Italic languages|Italic language]] that is spoken by the Luths, with strong [[w:East Germanic languages|East Germanic]] influence. Unlike other [[w:Romance languages|Romance languages]], such as [[w:Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:Catalan language|Catalan]], [[w:Occitan language|Occitan]] and [[w:French language|French]], Luthic has a large inherited vocabulary from [[w:East Germanic languages|East Germanic]], instead of only proper names that survived in historical accounts, and [[w:Loanword|loanwords]]. About 250,000 people speak Luthic worldwide.


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* The letter ⟨c⟩ represents the sound /k/ at the end of words and before the letters ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, and ⟨u⟩ but represents the sound /t͡ʃ/ before the letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩.
* The letter ⟨c⟩ represents the sound /k/ at the end of words and before the letters ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, and ⟨u⟩ but represents the sound /t͡ʃ/ before the letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩.
** To denote /t͡ʃ/ at the end of a word, a special letter, namely ⟨Ꝣ⟩ (sometimes ⟨ç⟩), is used. It is regarded as a variation of ⟨z⟩.
* The letter ⟨g⟩ represents the sound /ɡ/ at the end of words and before the letters ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, and ⟨u⟩ but represents the sound /d͡ʒ/ before the letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩. It also represents the sound /ŋ/ before ⟨c⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨g⟩.
* The letter ⟨g⟩ represents the sound /ɡ/ at the end of words and before the letters ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, and ⟨u⟩ but represents the sound /d͡ʒ/ before the letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩. It also represents the sound /ŋ/ before ⟨c⟩, ⟨q⟩ or ⟨g⟩.
** Velar plosives after /ŋ/ are not further palatalised to /t͡ʃ/ or /d͡ʒ/.
** Velar plosives after /ŋ/ are not further palatalised to /t͡ʃ/ or /d͡ʒ/.
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| [[w:V|V]], v || vi [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈvi]]] || vigna [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈviɲ.ɲɐ]]] || [[w:Voiced bilabial fricative|/β/]] or [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|/v/]] || —
| [[w:V|V]], v || vi [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈvi]]] || vigna [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈviɲ.ɲɐ]]] || [[w:Voiced bilabial fricative|/β/]] or [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|/v/]] || —
|-
|-
| [[w:Z|Z]], z || zi [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈt͡si]]] || zetta [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈt͡sɛt.tɐ]]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|/t͡s/]] or [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|/d͡z/]] ||
| [[w:Z|Z]], z || zi [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈt͡si]]] || zetta [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈt͡sɛt.tɐ]]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|/t͡s/]] or [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|/d͡z/]] ||
|}
|}
[[File:Luthic_keyboard_2.png|thumb|A Luthic computer keyboard layout.]]
[[File:Luthic_keyboard_2.png|thumb|A Luthic computer keyboard layout.]]
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||<poem>
||<poem>
𐌹 • Eissu è aeno specchio.
𐌹 • Eissu è aeno specchio.
Rifiette la luꝢ,
Rifiette la luce,
l’augna meina solecchio.</poem>
l’augna meina solecchio.</poem>
||<poem>
||<poem>
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* Gothic [[wikt:𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉#Gothic|𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉]] (''augō'', stem ''augVn-'') [[wikt:AP:pron:got|[ˈɔːɣoː]]] > Luthic ''augno'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈɔɲ.ɲo]]].
* Gothic [[wikt:𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉#Gothic|𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉]] (''augō'', stem ''augVn-'') [[wikt:AP:pron:got|[ˈɔːɣoː]]] > Luthic ''augno'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈɔɲ.ɲo]]].
In vulgar dialects where cases are fully ignored and prepositions are more used instead, it is very common to [[w:Apocope|apocope]] the last vowel (except [[w:Near-open central vowel|/ɐ/]]) after a sonorant ([[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|/m n ɲ l ʎ r t͡ʃ/]], except geminates) in singular forms, this feature is also very used by poets and it is often considered a poetic characteristic of Luthic:
* Luthic ''virgine'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈvir.d͡ʒi.ne]]] > ''virgin’'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈvir.d͡ʒin]]].
* Luthic ''duce'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈdu.t͡ʃe]]] > ''duꝢ’'' ~ ''duç’'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈdut͡ʃ]]]
The apocoped vowel must be pointed out by an ⟨’⟩, as the accusative case was highly influenced by Gothic, leading into a full vowel elision after ⟨m, n, r, l⟩ and /rCV, t͡ʃE/ (except geminates) in almost every declension, except a-stems, u-stems, r-stems and d-stems:
* Luthic ''aeternu'' <small>NOM.SG</small> [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ɛˈtɛr.nu]]] > ''aetern'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ɛˈtɛrn]]] <small>ACC.SG</small>.
* Luthic ''hamu'' <small>NOM.SG</small> [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈa.mu]]] > ''ham'' [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈam]]] <small>ACC.SG</small>.
Because of this, ⟨Ꝣ ~ ç⟩ is used:
* Luthic ''luce'' <small>NOM.SG</small> [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈlu.t͡ʃe]]] > ''luꝢ'' ~ ''luç'' <small>ACC.SG</small> [[IPA for Luthic#Standard_Ravennese_Luthic|[ˈlut͡ʃ]]].


====Phonotactics====
====Phonotactics====
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==Research==
==Research==
[[File:Ravenna University's arms.png|thumb|Ravenna University’s arms]]
[[File:Ravenna University's arms.png|thumb|Ravenna University’s arms]]
Luthic is a well-studied language, and multiple universities in Italy have departments devoted to Luthic or linguistics with active research projects on the language, mainly in Ravenna, such as the '''Linguistic Circle of Ravenna''' (Luthic: ''Creizzo Rasdavetascapetico Ravenne''; Italian: ''Circolo Linguistico di Ravenna'') at '''Ravenna University''', and there are many dictionaries and technological resources on the language. The language council ''Gafaurdu faul·la Rasda Lûthica'' also publishes research on the language both nationally and internationally. Academic descriptions of the language are published both in Luthic, Italian and English. The most complete grammar is the ''Grammatica gli Lûthice Rasde'' (Grammar of the Luthic Language) by Alessandru Fiscar & Luca Vagnar, and it is written in Luthic and contains over 800 pages. Multiple corpora of Luthic language data are available. The ''Luthic Online Dictionary project'' provides a curated corpus of 35,000 words.
Luthic is a well-studied language, and multiple universities in Italy have departments devoted to Luthic or linguistics with active research projects on the language, mainly in Ravenna, such as the '''Linguistic Circle of Ravenna''' (Luthic: ''Creizzo Rasdavetascapetico Ravenne''; Italian: ''Circolo Linguistico di Ravenna'') at '''Ravenna University''', and there are many dictionaries and technological resources on the language. The language council ''Gafaurde faulla Rasda Lûthica'' also publishes research on the language both nationally and internationally. Academic descriptions of the language are published both in Luthic, Italian and English. The most complete grammar is the ''Grammatica gli Lûthice Rasde'' (Grammar of the Luthic Language) by Alessandru Fiscar & Luca Vagnar, and it is written in Luthic and contains over 800 pages. Multiple corpora of Luthic language data are available. The ''Luthic Online Dictionary project'' provides a curated corpus of 35,000 words.


===History===
===History===
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| rossa
| rossa
| rosso
| rosso
| feliꝢ ~ feliç
| felice
| polchare
| polchare
|-
|-
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