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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
The table below shows the 25 consonant phonemes found in Vrkhazhian. Letters in angle brackets indicate where the romanization of the phoneme differs from its IPA representation.
The tables below show the consonant phonemes found in both Imperial and Common Vrkhazhian. Letters in angle brackets indicate where the romanization of the phoneme differs from its IPA representation.


{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Imperial Vrkhazhian
|-
|-
! style="width: 8em;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" |  
! style="width: 8.8em;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" |  
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Labial
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="2" | Coronal
! colspan="2" style="width: 8em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Velar
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Dorsal
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Glottal
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| m
| /m/ ⟨'''m'''⟩
| n
| /n/ ⟨'''n'''⟩
|
|
| ŋ ⟨'''''n̮'''''⟩
| /ŋ/ ⟨'''n̮'''⟩
|  
|  
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | Stop
! rowspan="3" | Stop
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiceless
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiceless
| p
| /p/ ⟨'''p'''⟩
| t
| /t/ ⟨'''t'''⟩
|
|
| k
| /k/ ⟨'''k'''⟩
| rowspan="3" | ʔ ⟨'''''ʾ'''''⟩  
| rowspan="3" | /ʔ/ ⟨'''ʾ'''⟩  
|-
|-
! style="font-size: smaller" | Ejective
! style="font-size: smaller" | Ejective
| pʼ ⟨'''''ṗ'''''⟩
| /pʼ/ ⟨'''ṗ'''⟩
| tʼ ⟨'''''ṭ'''''⟩
| /tʼ/ ⟨'''ṭ'''⟩
|
|
| kʼ ⟨'''''ḳ'''''⟩
| /kʼ/ ⟨'''ḳ'''⟩
|-
|-
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiced
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiced
| b
| /b/ ⟨'''b'''⟩
| d
| /d/ ⟨'''d'''⟩
|
|
| g
| /g/ ⟨'''g'''⟩
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" | Fricative
! rowspan="3" | Fricative
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiceless
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiceless
| f
| /f/ ⟨'''f'''⟩
| s
| /s/ ⟨'''s'''⟩
| ɬ ⟨'''''ś'''''⟩
| /ɬ/ ⟨'''ś'''⟩
| x ⟨'''''ḫ'''''⟩
| /x/ ⟨'''ḫ'''⟩
|  
|  
|-
|-
! style="font-size: smaller" | Ejective
! style="font-size: smaller" | Ejective
|
|
| sʼ ⟨'''''ṣ'''''⟩
| /sʼ/ ⟨'''ṣ'''⟩
| ɬʼ ⟨'''''ṣ́'''''⟩
| /ɬʼ/ ⟨'''ṣ́'''⟩
|
|
|  
|  
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! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiced
! style="font-size: smaller" | Voiced
|
|
| z
| /z/ ⟨'''z'''⟩
| ɮ ⟨'''''ź'''''⟩
| /ɮ/ ⟨'''ź'''⟩
|
|
|  
|  
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! colspan="2" | Liquid
! colspan="2" | Liquid
|
|
| r
| /r/ ⟨'''r'''⟩
| l
| /l/ ⟨'''l'''⟩
|  
|  
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Semivowel
! colspan="2" | Semivowel
| w
| /w/ ⟨'''w'''⟩
|
|
|
|
| j ⟨'''''y'''''⟩
| /j/ ⟨'''y'''⟩
|
|-
|}
 
{|class="wikitable article-table" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Common Vrkhazhian
|-
! style="width: 8.8em;" rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="3" style="width: 12em;" | Coronal
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Dorsal
! style="width: 4em;" rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
! style="width: 4em; font-size: smaller" | Plain
! style="width: 4em; font-size: smaller" | Sibilant
! style="width: 4em; font-size: smaller" | Lateral
|-
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| /m/ ⟨'''m'''⟩
| /n/ ⟨'''n'''⟩
|
|
| /ŋ/ ⟨'''n̮'''⟩
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Stop
! style="font-size: smaller" | Tenuis
| /p/ ⟨'''b'''⟩
| /t/ ⟨'''d'''⟩
| /t͡s/ ⟨'''z'''⟩
| /t͡ɬ/ ⟨'''ź'''⟩
| /k/ ⟨'''g'''⟩
| rowspan="2" | /ʔ/ ⟨'''ʾ'''⟩
|-
! style="font-size: smaller" | Aspirated
| /pʰ/ ⟨'''p'''⟩
| /tʰ/ ⟨'''t'''⟩
| /t͡sʰ/ ⟨'''c'''⟩
| /t͡ɬʰ/ ⟨'''ć'''⟩
| /kʰ/ ⟨'''k'''⟩
|-
! colspan="2" | Fricative
| /f/ ⟨'''f'''⟩
|
| /s/ ⟨'''s'''⟩
| /ɬ/ ⟨'''ś'''⟩
| /x/ ⟨'''ḫ'''⟩
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Liquid
|
| /r/ ⟨'''r'''⟩
|
| /l/ ⟨'''l'''⟩
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | Semivowel
| /w/ ⟨'''w'''⟩
|
|
|
| /j/ ⟨'''y'''⟩
|  
|  
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! rowspan="3" |  
! rowspan="3" |  
! colspan="8" | Independent
! colspan="6" | Independent
! colspan="6" | Bound
! colspan="6" | Bound
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Nominative
! colspan="4" | Nominative
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Accusative
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Oblique
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Genitive
! colspan="4" | Subject
! colspan="4" | Subject
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Possessive
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Possessive
Line 536: Line 599:
|-
|-
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Person
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Person
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Singular
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Plural
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Singular
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Singular
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Plural
! style="width: 4.2em;" | Plural
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! 1st
! 1st
| ''āni''
| ''āni''
| ''ānan''
| ''ānin''
| ''tunni''
| ''tunni''
| ''tunnan''
| ''tunnin''
| ''???''
| ''nīya''
| ''???''
| ''nīyan''
| ''???''
| ''???''
| ''-ni''
| ''-ni''
| ''-nan''
| ''-nin''
| ''-nisi''
| ''-nisi''
| ''-nasin''
| ''-nisin''
| ''-ni''
| ''-ni''
| ''-nan''
| ''-nin''
|-
|-
! 2nd
! 2nd
| ''āmi''
| ''āmi''
| ''āman''
| ''āmin''
| ''tummi''
| ''tummi''
| ''tumman''
| ''tummin''
| ''???''
| ''mīya''
| ''???''
| ''mīyan''
| ''???''
| ''???''
| ''-mi''
| ''-mi''
| ''-man''
| ''-min''
| ''-misi''
| ''-misi''
| ''-masin''
| ''-misin''
| ''-mi''
| ''-mi''
| ''-man''
| ''-min''
|-
|-
! 3rd
! 3rd
| ''āsi''
| ''āsi''
| ''āsan''
| ''āsin''
| ''tussi''
| ''tussi''
| ''tussan''
| ''tussin''
| ''???''
| ''kīya''
| ''???''
| ''kīyan''
| ''???''
| ''???''
| ''-ti''
| ''-ti''
| ''-tan''
| ''-tin''
| ''-tisi''
| ''-tisi''
| ''-tasin''
| ''-tisin''
| ''-ki''
| ''-ki''
| ''-kan''
| ''-kin''
|-
|-
|}
|}
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