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Jugsnorsk: Difference between revisions

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|fam2=[[w:Germanic Languages|Germanic]]
|fam2=[[w:Germanic Languages|Germanic]]
|fam3=[[w:North Germanic|North Germanic]]
|fam3=[[w:North Germanic|North Germanic]]
|fam4=[[w:East Scandinavian|East Scandinavian]]
|script1=Runr
|script1=Runr
|script2=Latn
|script2=Latn
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|script4=Brai
|script4=Brai
|ancestor=[[w:Old Norse language|Old Norse]]
|ancestor=[[w:Old Norse language|Old Norse]]
|ancestor2=[[w:Old East Norse|Old East Norse]]
|ancestor2=[[Pre-Húsnorsk]]
|ancestor3=[[Húsnorsk]]
|ancestor3=[[Húsnorsk]]
|ancestor4={{PAGENAME}}
|ancestor4={{PAGENAME}}
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===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Since Old Norse, Húsnorsk has begun using {{term|-at}} far more often, generalizing it into the negative affix for all verbs, as such, all verbs here will show two tables, one positive, one negative.
Since Old Norse, Húsnorsk has begun using {{term|-at}} far more often, generalizing it into the negative affix for all verbs, as such, all verbs here will show two tables, one positive, one negative.
Jugsnorsk verb tables display a set of future forms, these are composed of the supine + the corresponding reduced form of ''vasa''
====Strong verbs====
====Strong verbs====
Strong verbs are characterized by ablaut in the past tense forms, rather than the dental suffix of the weak verbs.
Strong verbs are characterized by ablaut in the past tense forms, rather than the dental suffix of the weak verbs.
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=====Class 1=====
=====Class 1=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=grípa|type=1|gríp|grip}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=grépa|type=1|grép|grip}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=grípa|type=1|gríp|grip}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=grépa|type=1|grép|grip}}
=====Class 2=====
=====Class 2=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=lýga|type=2|lýg|lug}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=lǿga|type=2|lǿg|lug}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=lýga|type=2|lýg|lug}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=lǿga|type=2|lǿg|lug}}
=====Class 3=====
=====Class 3=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=sykka|type=3|sykk|sukk}}
Class 3 is split into several sub-classes, as there's multiple patterns contained in it. All patterns have -u- in the indicative past and -y- in the subjunctive past.
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=sykka|type=3|sykk|sukk}}
======Class 3-e======
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=vedda|type=3-e|vedd|udd}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=vedda|type=3|vedd|udd}}
 
======Class 3-a======
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=vanna|type=3-ø|vann|unn}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=vanna|type=3|vann|unn}}
 
 
======Class 3-ø======
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=søkka|type=3-ø|søkk|sukk}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=søkka|type=3|søkk|sukk}}
=====Class 4=====
=====Class 4=====
=====Class 5=====
=====Class 5=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=gata|pastpart=tj|type=5|gat|gát}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=gata|pastpart=t|type=5|gat|gát}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=gata|pastpart=tj|type=5|gat|gát}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=gata|pastpart=t|type=5|gat|gát}}
=====Class 6=====
=====Class 6=====
=====Class 7=====
=====Class 7=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|lem=gagga|type=7|gagg|gegg}}
Class 7 has entirely collapsed into a weak pattern, as the originaly paradigm ''a/æ'' became ''a/a'', making the past and present fall together.
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|lem=gagga|type=7|gagg|gegg}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs w|lem=gagga|gagg|gaggð}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs w|neg=y|lem=gagga|gagg|gaggð}}
the -gg- of ''gagga'' acts as a good example for the -gg- > -j- change exhibited by many younger speakers in common verbs.
the -gg- of ''gagga'' acts as a good example for the -gg- > -j- change exhibited by many younger speakers in common verbs.


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Jugsnorsk has a few suppletive verbs in which some forms were replaced by another verb's forms.
Jugsnorsk has a few suppletive verbs in which some forms were replaced by another verb's forms.


This first verb is the main copula. Though the tables presented here are fully regular as a strong 5 verb, forms exist which aren't, the Contionary page should be seen for these.
This first verb is the main copula. This verb was once suppletive but has since been leveled to the root ''vas-'', a strong class 5 verb, meaning it is no longer suppletive.
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|lem=vaja|vaj|váj|1js=vé|2js=vé}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|lem=vasa|vas|váj|2js=væ}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|neg=y|lem=vaja|vaj|váj|1js=vé|2js=vé}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|neg=y|lem=vasa|vas|váj|2js=væ}}


===Numerals===
===Numerals===
The following table with present numbers 1-10, providing the Nygadsnorsk cognate and the Pre-Húsnorsk ancestor.
The following table will present the cardinal 1-10, providing the Nygadsnorsk cognate and the Pre-Húsnorsk ancestor.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
|-
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| énj
| énj
| énj
| énj
| æinʀ
| æinaʀ (/æinăʀ/)
|-
|-
! 2
! 2
| tví, tý
| t(v)í
| twí
| twí
| twæiʀ
| twæiʀ
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! 3
! 3
| þrí
| þrí
| trī
| trí
| þrīʀ
| þrīʀ
|-
|-
! 4
! 4
| faví, fęví
| faví
| f(j)ęðí
| fędí
| fæðwiʀ, *f(j)æð(w)iʀ
| fæþwiʀ
|-
|-
! 5
! 5
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|-
|-
! 8
! 8
| áza
| áktū
| átta
| áttu
| atta (/ātta/), *āhta?
| *āhtu(n)?
|-
|-
! 9
! 9
| njū
| nū
| nju
| nu
| *nju(n)
| *nu(n)?
|-
|-
! 10
! 10
| tȳ
| tū
| tju
| tu
| *tju(n)
| *tu(n)?
|-
|-
|}
|}
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{{Jugsnorsk adj pos|we=n|lem=énj|én|nsn=étt}}
{{Jugsnorsk adj pos|we=n|lem=énj|én|nsn=étt}}
This next table is the ordinal 1-10, these were largely regularized to variants of -ði in Pre-Húsnorsk.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Number
! Jugsnorsk
! Nygadsnorsk
! Pre-Húsnorsk
|-
! 1
| èði
| éndi
| æinþi
|-
! 2
| týði
| twédi
| twæiþi
|-
! 3
| þríði
| trídi
| þrīþi
|-
! 4
| faðði
| fęddi
| fæþþi (< *fæðwiði)
|-
! 5
| faddi
| faddi
| fæddi (< *fændi)
|-
! 6
| sakti
| sętti
| *sæhti
|-
! 7
| safti
| sęfti
| *sæfti
|-
! 8
| ákti
| átti
| *āhti?
|-
! 9
| nȳði
| nydi
| *ny(n)þi
|-
! 10
| tȳði
| tydi
| *ty(n)þi
|-
|}


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Jugsnorsk"