Iskel: Difference between revisions

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== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
Each dialect has the exact same number of phonemes, as their only phonological differences are phoneme pronunciation. They do not differ in allophony or phonotactics.
Each dialect has the exact same number of phonemes, as their only phonological differences are phoneme pronunciation, except for Duskel where the Lanikel phonemes /əː ɲ̩ j̩̃/ (Kliqel phonemes /ɛː ɲ̩ ɲ̩ʷ/) merge with Duskel's /ɯ̰̤̃́ːː c ʂʼ/ phonemes, respectively. They do not differ in allophony or phonotactics.


=== Pitch Accent ===
=== Pitch Accent ===
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|
|}
|}
The consonants /ɱ n ɲ ŋ v ð z ʒ w l j w̃ l̃ j̃ ɾ ʀ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
All consonants can be long except for /ɾ/. The consonants /ɱ n ɲ ŋ v ð z ʒ w l j w̃ l̃ j̃ ɾ ʀ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
!
! colspan="2" |Front
!Front
! colspan="2" |Near-Front
!Near-Front
! colspan="2" |Near-Back
!Near-Back
! colspan="2" |Back
!Back
|-
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
|-
|-
!Close
!Close
|i
|i
|iː
|ɪː
|ʊː
|u
|u
|uː
|-
|-
!Mid
!Mid
|e
|e
|eː
|əː
|ʌː
|o
|o
|oː
|-
|-
!Open
!Open
|a
|a
|aː
|
|
|
|
|
|
|ɑː
|}
|}
All vowels can be long.


=== Kliqel Inventory ===
=== Kliqel Inventory ===
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|
|}
|}
The consonants /m n ɲ ɴ mʷ nʷ ɲʷ β ð z ʝ w l j ɾ ʀ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
All consonants can be long except for /ɾ/. The consonants /m n ɲ ɴ mʷ nʷ ɲʷ β ð z ʝ w l j ɾ ʀ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="3" |
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Front
! rowspan="2" |Front
! colspan="4" |Back
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Unrounded
!Unrounded
! colspan="2" |Rounded
!Rounded
|-
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
|-
|-
!Close
!Close
|i
|i
|iː
|ɯː
|u
|u
|uː
|-
|-
!Close-Mid
!Close-Mid
|e
|e
|eː
|ɤː
|o
|o
|oː
|-
|-
!Open-Mid
!Open-Mid
|ɛː
|
|
|
|ɔː
|-
|-
!Open
!Open
|a
|a
|aː
|
|
|
|ɑː
|}
|}
All vowels can be long.


=== Duskel Inventory ===
=== Duskel Inventory ===
Duskel is the second oldest, created much closer to Lanesil than Lanikel's current phonology. It was created to be an "evil" version of Iskel, but only for aesthetics. Duskel was never prioritized, so it only changed once after it was created, which was upon the creation of this wiki when it was finally updated to have sounds corresponding to all the new Iskel phonemes that have been added.
Duskel, also spelled Dreos'kel, is the second oldest, created much closer to Lanesil than Lanikel's current phonology. It was created to be an "evil" version of Iskel, but only for aesthetics. Duskel was never prioritized, so it only changed once after it was created, which was upon the creation of this wiki when it was finally updated to have sounds corresponding to all the new Iskel phonemes that have been added.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |
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|
|
|}
|}
The consonants /m ɳ ɢ ɟ β z ʐ ɣ ʝ ɭ j ɰ r ɽ ɹ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
All consonants can be long except for /r/. The consonants /m ɳ ɢ ɟ β z ʐ ɣ ʝ ɭ j ɰ r ɽ ɹ/ and their long counterparts can be syllabic and receive the same pitch accents as vowels.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="3" |
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Front
! rowspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Central
! rowspan="2" |Central
! colspan="4" |Back
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Unrounded
!Unrounded
! colspan="2" |Rounded
!Rounded
|-
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
!Short
!Long
|-
|-
!Nasal
!Nasal
|
|
|
|
|
|ɯ̰̤̃́ːː
|
| colspan="2" |ɯ̰̤̃́ːː
|
|
|
|-
|-
!High
!High
|ɪː
|əː
|ɯː
|ʊː
|-
|-
!Mid
!Mid
|ɛː
|œː
|ʌː
|ɔː
|-
|-
!Low
!Low
|
|
|
|
|ɐː
|ɑː
|
|
|
|}
|}
All vowels can be long except for /ɯ̰̤̃́ːː/.


=== Romanizations ===
=== Romanizations ===
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|e
|e
!/ɣ/
!/ɣ/
|g
|gh
!/ɛ/
!/ɛ/
|e
|e
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!/ŋ͡ʇ/
!/ŋ͡ʇ/
|kz
|cn
!/eː/
!/eː/
!/ŋ͡ǁ/
!/ŋ͡ǁ/
|nl
|nj
!/ɛː/
!/ɛː/
|-
|-
!/k͡ʇ/
!/k͡ʇ/
|ds
|d
!/ə/
!/ə/
|eo
|eo
!/k͡ʇ/
!/k͡ʇ/
|ks
|c
!/ɛ/
!/ɛ/
|ae
|ae
!/k͡ǁ/
!/k͡ǁ/
|kl
|kj
! rowspan="2" |/ɯ̰̤̃́ːː/
! rowspan="2" |/ɯ̰̤̃́ːː/
| rowspan="2" |ũ
| rowspan="2" |ũ
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|a
|a
!/ɭ/
!/ɭ/
|lr
|l
!/ɑ/
!/ɑ/
|a
|a
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!/t͡s/
!/t͡s/
|ts
|ts
!//
!/β̩/
|ṿ
|ṿ
|-
|-
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!/d͡z/
!/d͡z/
|dz
|dz
!//
!/ʝ̍/
|
|ÿ
|-
|-
!/ʃ/
!/ʃ/
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|w'
|w'
!/ç/
!/ç/
|ch
|hy
!/m̩ʷ/
!/m̩ʷ/
|ṃů
|ṃů
!/ʂ/
!/ʂ/
|sr
|sr
!/w̩̃/
!/ɰ̍/
|w'
|
|-
|-
!/ʒ/
!/ʒ/
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!/ʐ/
!/ʐ/
|zr
|zr
!/ð̩/
!/ɣ̍/
|
|gḥ
|-
|-
!/ɲ/
!/ɲ/
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!/j/
!/j/
|y
|y
!//
!/ɭ̩/
|ḷ
|ḷ
|-
|-
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!/ʂʼ/
!/ʂʼ/
|s'
|s'
!/l̩̃/
!/ɽ̍/
|ḷ'
|
|-
|-
!/ŋ͡ǂ/
!/ŋ͡ǂ/
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!/m͡ʞ/
!/m͡ʞ/
|mk
|mk
!/ɾ̩/
!//
|
|rṛ
|-
|-
!/k͡ǂ/
!/k͡ǂ/
|qy
|q
!/ɲ̩/
!/ɲ̩/
|ṇh
|ṇh
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!/m̥͡ʞ/
!/m̥͡ʞ/
|pk
|pk
!/ɲ̩/
!
|
|
|-
|-
!/ŋ/
!/ŋ/
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|ẓh
|ẓh
!/ɴ/
!/ɴ/
|gn
|ng
!/ʝ̍/
!/ʝ̍/
|ÿ
|ÿ
!/ɟ/
!/ɟ/
|gy
|dj
!/ʒ̩/
!/ʐ̍/
|ẓh
|ẓr
|-
|-
!/k/
!/k/
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|k
|k
!/j̍/
!/j̍/
|ÿ
|
|-
|-
!/ɡ/
!/ɡ/
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|ÿ'
|ÿ'
!/k͡ʇʰ/
!/k͡ʇʰ/
|kt
|ch
!/ɲ̩ʷ/
!/ɲ̩ʷ/
|ṇẙ
|ṇẙ
!/ɢ/
!/ɢ/
|gr
|gr
!/j̩̃/
!
|ÿ'
|
|-
|-
!/x/
!/x/
Line 1,020: Line 959:
!/ʃ/
!/ʃ/
|sh
|sh
!/ŋ̩/
!/ɟ̍/
|ṇg
|ḍj
|-
|-
!/ʀ/
!/ʀ/
Line 1,033: Line 972:
!/ɹ/
!/ɹ/
|yr
|yr
!/ʀ̩/
!/ɹ̩/
|ṛr
|yṛ
|-
|-
!/ʔ/
!/ʔ/