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Ancient Tevvic: Difference between revisions

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|nativename=ťēvvó tâṇva
|nativename=ťēvvó tâṇva
|pronunciation=cɛːʋ.ˈʋɔ ˈtɑː.ɳʋə
|pronunciation=cɛːʋ.ˈʋɔ ˈtɑː.ɳʋə
|ethnicity=Tevvotanva
|ethnicity=Tevvics
|states=[[w:Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]]
|states=[[w:Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]]
|fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]]
|fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]]
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|script1=Latn
|script1=Latn
|ancestor=Proto-?
|ancestor=Proto-?
|ancestor2=Ancient Tevvotanva
|ancestor3=Middle Tevvotanva
|creator=[[User:Melinoë|Melinoë]]
|creator=[[User:Melinoë|Melinoë]]
|created=May, 2026
|created=May, 2026
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==History==
==History==
===Pre-Modern===
===Modern===


==Development==
==Development==
===Ancient Tevvotanva===
*/x/ > /h/
 
*/r/ > /ɹ~ɻ/
===Middle Tevvotanva===
*/ɣ/ > /j, w, g/ depending on environment.
 
*/VjV/ > /V:/
===Modern Tevvotanva===
*unstressed /i, u, ɑ/ > /ə/, leaving /ʲ, ʷ/ on following consonant, with the last turning consonants retroflex
** this palatal/labialization often affects the vowel and is then dropped
*/ə/ lost where new clusters are easy
*diphthongs simplify
*coda nasals to nasalization where possible
*word final /s/ > /h/
*word final /Vh{ʲ,ʷ}/ > /V{ʲ,ʷ}/
*/wu/ > /u/
*nasal vowels break to /AV/, thus /ɛN/ > /jɛ/
*overlong vowels to plain long
*/w, v/ > /ʋ/, /hw/ > /ʋ̥/
*/{rt,tr,rc,cr}, {rd,dr,rɟ,ɟr}, {rn,nr,rm,mr}, {rs,sr,rʃ,ʃr}, {rz,zr,rʒ,ʒr}/ > /ʈ, ɖ, ɳ, ʂ, ʐ/, /rk, kr/ > /ʈ/ in some areas


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |  
! colspan=2 |  
! colspan=2 | labial
! labial
! colspan=2 | alveolar
! alveolar
! colspan=2 | velar
! retroflex
|-
! palatal
! broad
! velar
! slender
! broad
! slender
! broad
! slender
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | nasal
! colspan=2 | nasal
| m
| m
| mʲ
| n
| n
| ɳ
| ɲ
| ɲ
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
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! unvoiced
! unvoiced
| p
| p
| pʲ
| t
| t
| tʲ
| ʈ
| c
| k
| k
| c
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| b
| b
| bʲ
| d
| d
| dʲ
| ɖ
| g
| ɟ
| ɟ
| ɡ
|-
|-
! rowspan=2 | fricative
! rowspan=2 | fricative
! unvoiced
! unvoiced
| f
| f
| fʲ
| s
| s
| ʂ
| ʃ
| ʃ
| x
| h
| ç
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| v
|  
| vʲ
| z
| z
| ʐ
| ʒ
| ʒ
| ɣ
|  
| j
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | approximant
! colspan=2 | approximant
|  
| ʋ̥, ʋ
|  
| l
| ɾ, ɫ
| ɻ, ɭ
| ɾʲ, ʎ
| j, ʎ
| colspan=2 | j
| ɫ~ɰ
|-
|-
|}
|}
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|-
|-
! rowspan=3 |  
! rowspan=3 |  
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | front
! colspan=4 | front
! colspan=4 | back
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | back
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | unround
! colspan=2 | unround
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| i
| i
| iː
| iː
| ɯ
| y
| ɯː
| yː
| u
| u
| uː
| uː
|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
| e
| ɛ
| eː
| ɛː
| ɤ
| œ
| ɤː
| œː
| o
| ɔ
| oː
| ɔː
|-
|-
! Low
! Low
|  
|  
|
| (ə)
|  
|  
| ɑ
| ɑ
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===Prosody===
===Prosody===


==Orthography==
==Orthography==
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====Nouns====
====Nouns====
=====Masculines=====
=====Masculines=====
======a-stem======
{{inflection-table-top|palette=blue|title=A-stem masculine nouns|tall=yes}}
! rowspan=2 class=outer |
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|úlfah}} ("wolf", acro.)
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|hēzáh}} ("spear", meso.)
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|ṇaháh}} ("stomach", kin.)
|-
! singular
! plural
! singular
! plural
! singular
! plural
|-
! nominative
| úlf<span style="color:red">ah</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">oh</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">áh</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">óh</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">áh</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">óh</span>
|-
! vocative
| úlf
| úlf<span style="color:red">oh</span>
| hêz
| hēz<span style="color:red">óh</span>
| ṇáh
| ṇah<span style="color:red">óh</span>
|-
! accusative
| úlf<span style="color:red">va</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">vah</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">vá</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">váh</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">vá</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">váh</span>
|-
! allative
| úlf<span style="color:red">ōr</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">ałḥ</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">ôr</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">áłḥ</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">ôr</span>
| ṇah<span style="color:red">áłh</span>
|-
! genitive
| úlf<span style="color:red">ah</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">vō</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">áh</span>
| hēz<span style="color:red">vô</span>
| ṇag<span style="color:red">áh</span>
| ṇag<span style="color:red">vô</span>
|-
! ablative
| úlf<span style="color:red">eť</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">vah</span>
|
|
|
|
|-
! dative
| úlf<span style="color:red">ē</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">ēuh</span>
|
|
|
|
|-
! instrumental
| úlf<span style="color:red">o</span>
| úlf<span style="color:red">yeh</span>
|
|
|
|
|-
{{inflection-table-bottom|notes=}}
====Adjectives====
====Adjectives====
====Pronouns====
====Pronouns====
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|-
|-
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
| what is your name? <small>''(lit. "what name have you?")''</small>
| what is your name?
|-
|-
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
| my name is... <small>''(lit. "I have the name...")''</small>
| my name is...
|-
|-
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
| style="font-style:normal;" |  
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{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
!1
!1
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|êṇah}}
|-
|-
!2
!2
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|tvéh}}
|-
|-
!3
!3
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|ṭárah}}
|-
|-
!4
!4
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|ṣṭvár}}
|-
|-
!5
!5
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|pváṣ}}
|-
|-
!6
!6
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|sáhš}}
|-
|-
!7
!7
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|ṣvút}}
|-
|-
!8
!8
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|aẓdvút}}
|-
|-
!9
!9
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|návt}}
|-
|-
!10
!10
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|tóhat}}
|-
|-
!11
!11
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|êṇṭḥvat}}
|-
|-
!12
!12
|{{l|tevo|}}
|{{l|tevo|tvêṭḥvat}}
|-
|-
|}
|}
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