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| ==History== | | ==History== |
| ==Development== | | ==Development== |
| *final /ɑ, ə, ɛ, ɔ/ lost, long variants shorten to /ə/, /e, o, i, o/ > /ɛ, ɔ, e, o/ | | ===Early Middle=== |
| | Also called "Late Ancient" |
| | */ʎ/ > /ɕ/ |
| | *word final /Cʰ/ > /h/ |
| | *voiced aspirates to voiced, developing a minor tonal distinction |
| | *beginning of stress shift to mesostatic throughout |
| | *geminated aspirates to short |
| | |
| | ===Middle proper=== |
| | *final /ɑ, ə, ɛ, ɔ/ lost, long variants shorten to /ə/, /e, o, i, u/ > /ɛ, ɔ, e, o/ |
| *final /h/ lost | | *final /h/ lost |
| *loss of nasals after oral stops, as in Late Ancient Tevvic "{{lang|mtev|phēthmạ́h}}" > Middle Tevvic "{{lang|mtev|phēthe}}". | | *loss of nasals after oral stops, as in Ancient Tevvic "{{lang|mtev|phḗthmạh}}" > Middle Tevvic "{{lang|mtev|phēthe}}". |
| *voiceless aspirates to voiceless, imparting a high tone on the vowel | | *voiceless aspirates to voiceless, imparting a high tone on the vowel |
| */ə/ > /ɛ/ | | */ə/ > /ɛ/ |
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| ===Prepositions=== | | ===Prepositions=== |
| ===Verbs=== | | ===Verbs=== |
| Verbs have undergone an extreme amount of change, the most major being the loss of the passive followed by the subsequent development of a new mediopassive.
| | {{inflection-table-top|title=Conjugation of {{l|mtev|फै॑थ्ण}} (class 1 strong)|tall=y|palette=blue}} |
| | |
| {{inflection-table-top|title=Classical conjugation of {{l|mtev|फै॑थ्ण}} (class 1 strong)|tall=y|palette=blue}} | |
| ! colspan=2 rowspan=3 | | | ! colspan=2 rowspan=3 | |
| ! colspan=6 | active | | ! colspan=6 | active |
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| ! past | | ! past |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan=3 | singular | | ! rowspan=2 | singular |
| ! 1st
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थॉ}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंभै॑थ्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधं॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थ्यॉ}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंफॅध्यां॑}}
| |
| | style="background:lightgrey" |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2nd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थॅः}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंभै॑स्त्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधॅः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थैः}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंफॅध्यॅः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थ्}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3rd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थॅथ्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंभै॑थ्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधॅ॑स्च्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थैथ्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फंफॅध्यॅ॑थ्}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थ्थॉ}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=3 | plural
| |
| ! 1st | | ! 1st |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
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| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | style="background:lightgrey" | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 2nd | | ! 2nd/3rd |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
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| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 3rd
| | ! rowspan=2 | plural |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=8 | passive
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=3 | singular | |
| ! 1st | | ! 1st |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
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| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | style="background:lightgrey" | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 2nd | | ! 2nd/3rd |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3rd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=3 | plural
| |
| ! 1st
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2nd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
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| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| | {{lang|mtev|}} | | | {{lang|mtev|}} |
| |-
| |
| ! 3rd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=2 |
| |
| ! colspan=3 | active
| |
| ! colspan=3 | passive
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=2 | infinitive
| |
| | colspan=3 | {{lang|mtev|फै॑थ्ण}}
| |
| | colspan=3 | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=2 | present participle
| |
| | colspan=3 | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | colspan=3 |{{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=2 | past participle
| |
| | colspan=3 | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| | colspan=3 | {{lang|mtev|}}
| |
| |-
| |
| {{inflection-table-bottom}}
| |
|
| |
| {{inflection-table-top|title=Late conjugation of {{l|mtev|फै॑थ्ण}} (class 1 strong)|tall=y|palette=blue}}
| |
| ! colspan=2 rowspan=3 |
| |
| ! colspan=6 | active
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan=3 | indicative
| |
| ! colspan=2 | subjunctive
| |
| ! rowspan=2 | imperative
| |
| |-
| |
| ! present
| |
| ! past
| |
| ! future
| |
| ! present
| |
| ! past
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=2 | singular
| |
| ! 1st
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथॉ॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|भैः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधं॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथॉ॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फॅधां॑}}
| |
| | style="background:lightgrey" |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2nd/3rd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथॅः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|भैः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधॅः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथैः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फॅधॅः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैः॑}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=2 | plural
| |
| ! 1st
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथ्मंः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|भिंथ॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैध॑मंः}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथां॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फॅधुं॑}}
| |
| | style="background:lightgrey" |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2nd/3rd
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|भिः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैधः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैथैः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फॅधिः॑}}
| |
| | {{lang|mtev|फैः॑}}
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan=8 | passive | | ! colspan=8 | passive |