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|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Nasal | !colspan="2"|Nasal | ||
| m | | '''m''' m | ||
| n || | | '''n''' n || | ||
| ɳ || | | '''nr''' ɳ || | ||
| ɲ | | '''nj, ŋj''' ɲ | ||
| ŋ | | '''ŋ''' ŋ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Stop | !rowspan="2"|Stop | ||
!<small>voiceless</small> | !<small>voiceless</small> | ||
| p | | '''p''' p | ||
| t || | | '''t''' t || | ||
| ʈ || | | '''tr''' ʈ || | ||
| tɕ | | '''tj, kj''' tɕ | ||
| k | | '''k''' k | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| b | | '''b''' b | ||
| d || | | '''d''' d || | ||
| ɖ || | | '''dr''' ɖ || | ||
| dʑ | | '''dj, gj''' dʑ | ||
| g | | '''g''' g | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Fricative | !rowspan="2"|Fricative | ||
!<small>voiceless</small> | !<small>voiceless</small> | ||
| f | | '''f''' f | ||
| s || ɬ | | '''s''' s || '''th''' ɬ | ||
| ʂ || ꞎ | | '''sr''' ʂ || '''thr''' ꞎ | ||
| ɕ | | '''sj, chj, hj''' ɕ | ||
| x | | '''ch''' x | ||
|rowspan="2"| h | |rowspan="2"| '''h''' h | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| v | | '''v''' v | ||
| z || ɮ | | '''z''' z || '''dh''' ɮ | ||
| ʐ || ɮ˞ | | '''zr''' ʐ || '''dhr''' ɮ˞ | ||
| ʑ | | '''zj, ghj''' ʑ | ||
| ɣ | | ɣ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"| Approximant | !colspan="2"| Approximant | ||
| w || || l || || ɭ || j || || | | '''w''' w || || '''l''' l || || '''ḷ''' ɭ || '''j''' j || || | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 17:10, 8 July 2016
| Noble Thensarian |
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Swedishy Tígełic (read: Fóõ gib)
| Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
| Nasal | m m | n n | nr ɳ | nj, ŋj ɲ | ŋ ŋ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p p | t t | tr ʈ | tj, kj tɕ | k k | |||
| voiced | b b | d d | dr ɖ | dj, gj dʑ | g g | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f f | s s | th ɬ | sr ʂ | thr ꞎ | sj, chj, hj ɕ | ch x | h h |
| voiced | v v | z z | dh ɮ | zr ʐ | dhr ɮ˞ | zj, ghj ʑ | ɣ | ||
| Approximant | w w | l l | ḷ ɭ | j j | |||||
| Front | Back | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | ii /iː/ | ü /y/ | üü /yː/ | u /u/ | uu /uː/ | ||
| Mid | e /e/ | ee /eː/ | ö /ø/ | öö /øː/ | õ /ɤ/ | õõ /ɤː/ | o /o/ | oo /oː/ |
| Open | a /ɑ/ | aa /ɑː/ | ||||||
glides: -i/-u /-j -w/ < Old Tígeł -gh
Consonant reflexes
ndr, tr, thr, dr, dhr, sr, zsr, r = /ɳ ʈ ꞎ ɖ ɮ˞ ʂ ʐ ɭ/
Vowel reflexes
Long vowels
- aé > ee
- é > jaa
- á > õõ
- aó > oo
- aói, ói > öö
- úi > üü
- ó > aa
- í > ii
- eá, eío > jõõ
- eí > ii
- eó > joo
- eú > jöö
- iú > juu
- aí > ee
- ú > uu
Short vowels
- a, e, i, o, u > a, ja, i, o, u?
- ao, eo, io, aio > õ, jõ, ju, jo?
- ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui > e, i, ö, ü
Proto-Tigalic
- Aramaization: h > 0 x, ɣ > ħ, ʕ; θ, ð > t, d; f > h (except before /l/ and /r/); begadkefat
- general y~u, ȳ~ū merger
- ʕ > ŋ
- p t k b d g m n ŋ h r l v j + creaky voice
- a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au
Gebocham
Uncanny-valley English with a Franco-Turkish flavor. Native name: Gebocham /dʒəbʌʃɑŋ/
- Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
- Vowel harmony groups:
- high tense: i ʉ
- high lax: ɪ ʊ
- low: æ ʌ
- ə is neutral
- Rhotic vowels: [ɑɹ ɪɹ ɪɹ ɔɹ ɜɹ ʊɹ ʊɹ]
- "Nasal" vowels: [ɑŋ iŋ iŋ ɑŋ əŋ ɔŋ ɔŋ]
- All vowels may occur in open syllables e.g. dɹɪ
- Consonants: m n ŋ p t tʃ k ʔ b d dʒ g f s ʃ v z ʒ h ɹ l j
- I = /nʌ/
- thou = (m) /zɪɹ/, (f) /wɪɹ/
- he =