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*[a i u ɔ ei ou ai au] | *[a i u ɔ ei ou ai au] | ||
===Primitive Clickgerman=== | ===Primitive Clickgerman=== | ||
<poem> | |||
for proto-s-wiebic: | |||
what about a GVS (əy > ii > ay > əə > aa > ee and əw > uu > au > oo) in open syllables and another vowel shift (ii ee ay əy)(uu oo aw əw) in closed syllables? | |||
iw > iə and uy > uə as i had before | |||
</poem> | |||
1. sīdzu | |||
2. kli | |||
3. sqā | |||
4. mēfi | |||
5. pə̄ku | |||
6. hə̄tλhi | |||
7. dẓətā | |||
8. baŋudh | |||
9. dzōn | |||
10. qhāḍī | |||
11. gādziə | |||
12. dziə | |||
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ '''Proto-X-Wiebic consonants''' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Denti-alveolar !! Lateral !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar !! Uvular !! Glottal | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Nasal | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| '''m''' m || '''n''' n || || '''ṇ''' ɳ || || '''ŋ''' ŋ || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| '''mh''' mʱ || '''nh''' nʱ || || '''ṇh''' ɳʱ || || '''ŋh''' ŋʱ || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="4"|Stop | |||
!<small>tenuis</small> | |||
| '''p''' p || '''t''' t || || '''ṭ''' ʈ || '''c''' c || '''k''' k || '''q''' q || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| '''ph''' pʰ || '''th''' tʰ || || '''ṭh''' ʈʰ || '''ch''' cʰ || '''kh''' kʰ || '''qh''' qʰ || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| '''b''' b || '''d''' d || || '''ḍ''' ɖ || '''j''' ɟ || '''g''' g || '''ɢ''' ɢ || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| '''bh''' bʱ || '''dh''' dʱ || || '''ḍh''' ɖʱ || '''jh''' ɟʰ || '''gh''' gʱ || '''ɢh''' ɢʱ || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="4"|Affricate | |||
!<small>tenuis</small> | |||
| || '''ts''' ts || '''tσ''' tɬ || '''tṣ''' ʈʂ || || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| || '''tsh''' tsʰ || '''tσh''' tɬʰ || '''tṣh''' ʈʂʰ || || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| || '''dz''' dz || '''dλ''' dɮ || '''dẓ''' ɖʐ || || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| || '''dzh''' dzʱ || '''dλh''' dɮʱ || '''dẓh''' ɖʐʱ || || || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Fricative | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| '''f''' f || '''s''' s || '''σ''' ɬ || '''ṣ''' ʂ || '''ç''' ç || || || '''h''' h | |||
|- | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| '''fh''' fʰ || '''sh''' sʰ || '''σh''' ɬʰ || '''ṣh''' ʂʰ || '''çh''' çʰ || || || | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| Resonants | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || '''l''' l || || '''ḷ''' ɭ || || || || | |||
|- | |||
!<small>breathy voiced</small> | |||
| || '''lh''' lʱ || || '''ḷh''' ɭʱ || || || || | |||
|} | |||
i u ə a i: u: e: ə: o: a: iə uə əj aj əw aw {{angbr|'''i u ə a ī ū ē ə̄ ō ā iə uə əi ai əu au'''}} | |||
===Old Clickgerman=== | ===Old Clickgerman=== | ||
===Middle Clickgerman=== | ===Middle Clickgerman=== |
edits