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The apostrophe is very rarely used except with articles where it signals the elision of the vowel of the singular feminine articles. | The apostrophe is very rarely used except with articles where it signals the elision of the vowel of the singular feminine articles. | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="2"|Bilabial | |||
!colspan="2"|Labio-dental | |||
!colspan="2"|Dental | |||
!colspan="2"|Alveolar | |||
!colspan="2"|Post-alveolar | |||
!colspan="2"|Palatal | |||
!colspan="2"|Velar | |||
!colspan="2"|Uvular | |||
!colspan="2"|Glottal | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Nasal | |||
|colspan="2"| m <m> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| n <n> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ɲ <ñ> | |||
|colspan="2"| ŋ <ŋ> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Plosive | |||
|colspan="2"| pʰ <ph> p <p> b <b> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| tʰ <ŧ> t <t> d <d> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| kʰ <kh> k <k> g <g> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Fricative | |||
|colspan="2"| ɸ <ƥ> β <ƀ> | |||
|colspan="2"| f <f> v <v> | |||
|colspan="2"| θ <s> ð <ƶ> | |||
|colspan="2"| s <c> z <z> | |||
|colspan="2"| ʃ <q> ʒ <ƶ̆> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| x <xͪ> ɣ <gͪ> | |||
|colspan="2"| χ <x> ʁ <r> | |||
|colspan="2"| h <h> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Approximant | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| j cf. above | |||
|colspan="2"| w cf. above | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Trill | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ʀ <r̊> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Flap | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ɾ <rͪl> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Lateral approx. | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| l <l> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Prenasalised occlusives | |||
|colspan="2"| ᵐb <mb> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ⁿd <nd> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ᵑg <g̊> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! colspan="2"| | |||
! colspan="2"|Front | |||
! colspan="2"|Central | |||
! colspan="2"|Back | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Close | |||
|colspan="2"|i <i> y <u> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|u <w> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Close-mid | |||
|colspan="2"|e <e> ø <ě> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|o <o>, <œ> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Open-mid | |||
|colspan="2"|ɛ <ê> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|ɔ <o>, <ò> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Open | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ä <a> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
ɑ̃ <ɯ> ɛ̃ <ɯ̂> ɔ̃ <ɯ̌> | |||
However, another Latin transliteration has been designed so as to be more phonemic and easier to write on a computer, and is getting more and more popular : | However, another Latin transliteration has been designed so as to be more phonemic and easier to write on a computer, and is getting more and more popular : | ||
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/ɛ̃/ î ; /ɔ̃/ â ; /ɑ̃/ ê | /ɛ̃/ î ; /ɔ̃/ â ; /ɑ̃/ ê | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="2"|Bilabial | |||
!colspan="2"|Labio-dental | |||
!colspan="2"|Dental | |||
!colspan="2"|Alveolar | |||
!colspan="2"|Post-alveolar | |||
!colspan="2"|Palatal | |||
!colspan="2"|Velar | |||
!colspan="2"|Uvular | |||
!colspan="2"|Glottal | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Nasal | |||
|colspan="2"| m <m> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| n <n> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ɲ <nh> | |||
|colspan="2"| ŋ <ng> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Plosive | |||
|colspan="2"| pʰ <ph> p <p> b <b> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| tʰ <th> t <t> d <d> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| kʰ <kh> k <k> g <g> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"| Fricative | |||
|colspan="2"| ɸ <fh> β <bh> | |||
|colspan="2"| f <f> v <v> | |||
|colspan="2"| θ <c> ð <dh> | |||
|colspan="2"| s <s> z <z> | |||
|colspan="2"| ʃ <sh> ʒ <zh> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| x <xh> ɣ <gh> | |||
|colspan="2"| χ <x> ʁ <r> | |||
|colspan="2"| h <h> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Approximant | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| j <y> | |||
|colspan="2"| w <w> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Trill | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ʀ <j> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Flap | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ɾ <lh> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Lateral approx. | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| l <l> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Prenasalised occlusives | |||
|colspan="2"| ᵐb <mb> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ⁿd <nd> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ᵑg <ngg> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! colspan="2"| | |||
! colspan="2"|Front | |||
! colspan="2"|Central | |||
! colspan="2"|Back | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Close | |||
|colspan="2"|i <i> y <ü> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|u <u> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Close-mid | |||
|colspan="2"|e <e> ø <ö> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|o <o> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Open-mid | |||
|colspan="2"|ɛ <ä> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"|ɔ <ô> | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="2"|Open | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| ä <a> | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
ɑ̃ <ê> ɛ̃ <î> ɔ̃ <â> | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== |
edits