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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
Although the specific realizations vary, all major dialects of Rttirri distinguish the same consonant phonemes.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
!  |
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Retroflex
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
|-
! Nasal
!rowspan="2"|
| '''m''' /m/
!colspan="2"|Labial
| '''n''' /n/
!colspan="2"|Alveolar
| '''rn''' /ɳ/
!colspan="2"|Palatal
| '''ny''' /ɲ/
!rowspan="2"|Retroflex
|  
!colspan="2"|Velar
|  
!rowspan="2"|Uvular
|-
!Plain
!Lab.
!Plain
!Lab.
!Plain
!Lab.
!Plain
!Lab.
|-
|-
! Plosive
! Plosive
| '''p''' /p/
| '''pʼ''' /pˤ/<br>'''p''' /p/<br>'''b''' /b/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''pwʼ''' /pʷˤ/<br>'''pw''' /pʷ/<br>'''bw''' /bʷ/
| '''rt''' /ʈ/
| '''tt''' /tʼ/<br>'''tʼ''' /tˤ/<br>'''t''' /t/<br>'''d''' /d/
| '''ty''' /c/
| '''ttw''' /tʷʼ/<br>'''twʼ''' /tʷˤ/<br>'''tw''' /tʷ/<br>'''dw''' /dʷ/
| '''k''' /k/
|
| '''hh''' /ʔ/
|
|-
|
! Ejective
| '''kk''' /kʼ/<br>'''g''' /g/
| '''pp''' /pʼ/
| '''kkw''' /kʷʼ/<br>'''gw''' /gʷ/
| '''tt''' /tʼ/
| '''rtt''' /ʈʼ/
| '''tty''' /cʼ/
| '''kk''' /kʼ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
! Fricative
! Fricative
| '''f''' /f/
| '''f''' /f/<br>'''v''' /v/<br>'''vʼ''' /vˤ/
| '''s''' /ʃ/
|
| '''rs''' /ʂ/
| '''s''' /s/<br>'''z''' /z/
| '''sy''' /ç/
|
| '''sh''' /ʃ/<br>'''zh''' /ʒ/<br>'''zhʼ''' /ʒˤ/
|
|
| '''kh''' /x/<br>'''gh''' /ɣ/
|
|  
|  
| '''h''' /h/
|-
|-
! Affricate
! Affricate
|  
|  
| '''ch''' /t͡ʃ/
|
| '''tts''' /t͡sʼ/<br>'''ts''' /t͡s/<br>'''dz''' /d͡z/
| '''ttsw''' /t͡sʷʼ/<br>'''tsw''' /t͡sʷ/<br>'''dzw''' /d͡zʷ/
| '''cch''' /t͡ʃʼ/<br>'''ch''' /t͡ʃ/<br>'''jʼ''' /d͡ʒ/<br>'''j''' /d͡ʒˤ/
| '''cchw''' /t͡ʃʷʼ/<br>'''chw''' /t͡ʃʷ/<br>'''jwʼ''' /d͡ʒʷ/<br>'''jw''' /d͡ʒʷˤ/
|
|  
|  
|
|  
|  
|-
! Lateral
|  
|  
|
| '''l''' /l/<br>'''hl''' /ɬ/<br>'''lj''' /ɮ/<br>'''ljʼ''' /ɮˤ/
|
|  
|  
|-
! Approximant
| '''w''' /w/
|  
|  
| '''rr''' /ɻ/
| '''y''' /j/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|
|
|-
|-
! Flap
! Rhotic
|
|  
|  
|
|
|
|
| '''r''' /ʐ/
|  
|  
| '''r''' /ɽ/
|
| '''rr''' /ʀ/
|-
! Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''mw''' /mʷ/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|
|
|
| '''ng''' /ŋ/<br>'''ngʼ''' /ŋˤ/
| '''ngw''' /ŋʷ/<br>'''ngwʼ''' /ŋʷˤ/
|  
|  
|}
|}
In addition, the consonants '''l''' /l/ and '''kh''' /x/ are used in loanwords.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
Modern Standard Rttirri has a four-vowel inventory.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; border-spacing: 20px;"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
|-
! |
! |
! Front
! Front
! Central
! Near-back
! Back
! Back
|-
|-
! High
! High
| '''i''' /i/
| '''i''' /i/<br>'''ui''' /y/
| '''u''' /u/
| '''ie''' /ɨ/
|
|
|-
|-
! Mid
! Near-high
| '''e''' /ø/
|
|
| '''u''' /ʊ/
|
|-
! High-mid
| '''e''' /e/
|
|
| '''o''' /o/
|-
! Low-mid
| '''oe''' /œ/
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! Low
! Low
|  
|  
| '''a''' /ɑ/
|
|
| '''a''' /ɑ/<br>'''ao''' /ɒ/
|}
|}


In addition, the mid vowels '''e''' /e/ and '''o''' /o/ are used in loanwords.
===Phonotactics===
Stress falls on the first syllable.
 
Syllable structure is maximally CVN. There may only be one pharyngealized, ejective, or labialized consonant per root, although more may be added to a single word through compounding and affixation.


===Phonotactics===
==Grammar==
Modern Standard Rttirri does not allow final consonants, and the only initial clusters allowable are of the following form: ('''f s sy''') + ('''m n r rr'''). There are no geminate consonants.
 
===Nouns===
 
===Syntax===
 
==See also==


No dialects of Rttirri distinguish vowel length, but the following diphthongs are allowed: '''ai au ei eu ui iu'''.
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Latest revision as of 01:39, 28 March 2017


Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Retroflex Velar Uvular
Plain Lab. Plain Lab. Plain Lab. Plain Lab.
Plosive pʼ /pˤ/
p /p/
b /b/ 		pwʼ /pʷˤ/
pw /pʷ/
bw /bʷ/ 		tt /tʼ/
tʼ /tˤ/
t /t/
d /d/ 		ttw /tʷʼ/
twʼ /tʷˤ/
tw /tʷ/
dw /dʷ/ 		kk /kʼ/
g /g/ 		kkw /kʷʼ/
gw /gʷ/
Fricative f /f/
v /v/
vʼ /vˤ/ 		s /s/
z /z/ 		sh /ʃ/
zh /ʒ/
zhʼ /ʒˤ/ 		kh /x/
gh /ɣ/
Affricate tts /t͡sʼ/
ts /t͡s/
dz /d͡z/ 		ttsw /t͡sʷʼ/
tsw /t͡sʷ/
dzw /d͡zʷ/ 		cch /t͡ʃʼ/
ch /t͡ʃ/
jʼ /d͡ʒ/
j /d͡ʒˤ/ 		cchw /t͡ʃʷʼ/
chw /t͡ʃʷ/
jwʼ /d͡ʒʷ/
jw /d͡ʒʷˤ/
Lateral l /l/
hl /ɬ/
lj /ɮ/
ljʼ /ɮˤ/
Rhotic r /ʐ/ rr /ʀ/
Nasal m /m/ mw /mʷ/ ng /ŋ/
ngʼ /ŋˤ/ 		ngw /ŋʷ/
ngwʼ /ŋʷˤ/

Vowels

Front Central Near-back Back
High i /i/
ui /y/ 		ie /ɨ/
Near-high u /ʊ/
High-mid e /e/ o /o/
Low-mid oe /œ/
Low a /ɑ/
ao /ɒ/

Phonotactics

Stress falls on the first syllable.

Syllable structure is maximally CVN. There may only be one pharyngealized, ejective, or labialized consonant per root, although more may be added to a single word through compounding and affixation.

Grammar

Nouns

Syntax

See also

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