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| '''Izeweg''' (אַן יעס אידעוועק [an jes i'zeweg] 'the Jewish language'), historically '''Judeo-Galatian''', is the traditional Northern European Jewish ("Tsarfati") vernacular in Irta. It is the second most spoken Celtic language and the most spoken Jewish language in-universe. It's (essentially) a Brythonic Celtic language and a descendant of Old [[Galoyseg]]. It's a possible answer to the question "What would a Jewish Celtic language look like?"
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| In-universe English name?
| | Judeo-[[Hivantish]], spoken by Jews in our Russia/Arctic Circle? |
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| PIE ē becomes tzere (merging with Proto-Brythonic *ė), PIE ei becones /oj/
| | יוּדעיסר טאָזווער ''Yudaysr tozwar'' / יוּדעיוּ-היבענטיסר טאָזווער ''Yudayu-Hivantisr tozwar'' |
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| == Writing ==
| | Much more SOV/Modern Indic-ish than Standard Hivantish (with nom, obl and voc cases + postpositions) |
| === Vowels ===
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| /a aj e ej i o oj u uj ɨ aw ew iw ow/ אַ אַי ע עי אי אָ אָי אוֹ אוֹי אוּ אַוו עוו איוו אָוו ''a ai e ei i o oi w wi u aw ew iw ow'' | |
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| === Consonants ===
| | *nom. valkr valkor |
| Default native spelling
| | *obl. valkay valkav |
| | *voc. valke valkor |
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| כּ ק כ ג נק נכּ = ''c g ch gh ng ngh''
| | *nom. vuka vukor |
| | *obl. vukay vukav |
| | *voc. vuka vukor |
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| תּ ט ת ד נ נתּ = ''t d th dh n nh''
| | *nom. werdu werda |
| | *obl. werday werdav |
| | *voc. werdu werda |
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| פּ בּ פ ב מ מפּ = ''p b f v m mh''
| | *nom. ingner ingnir |
| | *obl. ingni ingnev, ingnav |
| | *voc. ingne ingnir |
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| י ר ל לּ וו ס ש ה א = ''y r l ll w s š h (null)''
| | *nom. kayar kayor |
| | *obl. kayay kayav |
| | *voc. kaya kayor |
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| === Mutations ===
| | Hebrew nouns are indeclinable and take their Hebrew plurals. |
| The new consonant is prefixed in front of the mutated word with a hyphen: אַנאַ נתּ-תּוֹרה ''ana nhTuro'' 'in the Torah'.
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| === Hebrew reading ===
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| Izeweg has no vowel reduction in Hebrew and Aramaic loans, unlike Yiddish. Stress is just shifted to penultimate (as in native Izeweg).
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| /2 b v g γ d δ h w z H T j k x l m n s 3 p f S q r š t θ/ = [(none)~2 p= v g x t= δ~z h w δ~z h t= j kh x l m n s (none)~2 ph f ts= k= r š th s]
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| TibH /i e E a O o u ŠN HP HS HQ/ = [i ej~aj e a o u ɨ a a e o]
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| L dagesh > Welsh ll. Some pronounce sin as ll.
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| == Mutations ==
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| Same as in Welsh but
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| * g post vocalically mutates to c'h
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| * no m > v
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| * ll but no rh
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| * t spirant mutates to s
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| == Grammar ==
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| More analytic than Colloquial Welsh, while Galoyseg is basically Cornish or Literary Welsh
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| === Nouns ===
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| Indef article אין, def article אַן (> אים and אַם before /p b f m v/), feminine singular article triggers soft mutation
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| default native pl אָוו
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| (יעס > יעסאָוו) 'language'
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| sometimes עד
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| (ריען > ריענעד) 'woman'
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| === Prepositions ===
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| "in" combining form with def article is אַנאַ (< *yno yn; triggers nasal mutation) or אַנאַן (before a vowel), otherwise it's מעוון (even when the noun is semantically definite)
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| ''*am'' also changes for indefinites to קעלך (~ cylch), def article is אַמאַ(ן)
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| === Verbs ===
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| Default verber is -יאָ like in Welsh (influenced by Hebrew feminine marker)
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| [[Category:Celtic languages]]
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| [[Category:Jewish languages]]
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