Clofabosin/Middle: Difference between revisions

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'''Old Clofabosin''' is the oldest attested form of [[Clofabosin]]. The dialect that borrowed loans en masse from [[Dodellian]] became Middle Clofabosin.
'''Middle Clofabosin''' is the best attested early form of [[Clofabosin]] and is the ancestor of the Clofabic dialect continuum. It allowed more "weird" consonant clusters and vowel hiatuses than Modern Clofabosin; hiatusing vowels and compensatory lengthening from lost consonants gave rise to long vowels in conservative Modern Clofabosin.
 
Important works in Middle Clofabosin include the Paliperidin (inspired by Pali and paliperidone), a text made up of philosophical poetry (palin = line, peridin = collection).


Clofabian Vowel Shift (CVS): e o a > ə A æ > eo a e > o a e
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
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| '''ph, f''' /f/
| '''ph, f''' /f/
| '''th''' /θ/
| '''th''' /θ/
| '''s''' /s/<br/>'''ŝ''' /sʰ/
| '''s''' /s/<br/>'''š''' /{{sh}}/
| '''ch''' /x/
| '''ch''' /x/
|  
|  
Line 63: Line 64:
|}
|}


Old Clofabosin had geminates, unlike modern Clofabosin: for example, 'to learn' was ''nibbuvir'' (modern ''nịbuvir'').
Old Clofabosin had geminates, unlike modern Clofabosin: for example, 'to learn' was ''nibbuir'' (modern ''nịbuvir'').


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
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|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''a''' /a/
|  
| '''å''' /ɔ/
|}
|}


By the time of Middle Clofabosin, /y/ had merged with /i/.
By the time of Early Modern Clofabosin, /y/ had merged with /i/.


===Prosody===
===Prosody===
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==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
*''-in'' = topic marker
*''-in'' = that which is...?, later nominative
*''-ol'' = genitive; ''-o'' = combining form
*''-ol'' = nominative, later genitive; ''-o'' = combining form
*''-ase'' = with
*''-as(t)'' = with
*''-one'' = towards
*''-one'' = towards
*''-ib'' = locative
* ''-e'' = accusative, directive
-n was originally a Caland affix -in, the source of -an (< -ain), -en (< -ein; -oin) and -i.n (< -iin, -uin) nouns in Modern Clofabosin. The majority of the largest group of nouns, the -.in nouns, acquired -in by analogy.
===Verbs===
===Verbs===
*''-vir'' = present
*''-n-'': to be (~-navir)
*''-zole'' = perfect
*''si'': old causative
*''-capt, -cept'' = future
*''-ir'' = present progressive: ''tpoir'' = 'eats'
*''-zo'' = stative: ''tpozo'' = 'has eaten' (the -le in modern -zole comes from eli- "to become")
** ''-zo-ium-ub'' > ''-zoumab, -ziumab'' > Modern Clo. ''-zumab''
*''-ca, -ce'' = dynamic: ''tpoca'' = 'comes to eat';
* ''-ciš-'' is an irrealis: ''-ciš-ium-ub'' > ''-ximab''
*''-il'' = attributive
*''-il'' = attributive
*''-ium'' = conjunctive for verbs
**''tpoil'' = who eats (modern dialectal ''spovil'')
*''-ub'' = subjunctive
** ''tpozoil''
**''-ium-ub'' > Modern Clofabosin ''-(u)mab''
** ''tpotinil'', ''tpotnil''
** ''tpocil''
*''-ium'' = neutral conjunctive for both nouns and verbs: ''tpoium'' = ...eats, whereas...
*''-ub'' = narrative past and subjunctive
**''tpoub'' or ''tpoiumub'' = ate, and then...
**''-ium-ub'' is the source of Modern Clofabosin ''-(u)mab'' which arose by dissimilation. Modern Clofabosin thus has ''spovir, spọmab'' for single syllable verb stems ending in a vowel.
* ''-tin-ib'' is 'in the state of' (which became a habitual) ''-vetmab'' comes from ''vet-'' 'to continue'
 
*''fo'' = realis negation, ''tu'' = irrealis
*''fo'' = realis negation, ''tu'' = irrealis
*''-d-'' progressive


All verbs had the same paradigm.
== Syntax ==
* ''šop=ol tpo'' = the fish eats (unmarked for tense)
* ''šop=ol tpoir'' = the fish is eating
* ''šop=ol tpotinib'' = the fish be eating
Nonconfigurational?
[[Category:Clofabic languages]]
[[Category:Clofabic languages]]

Latest revision as of 17:01, 23 April 2022

Middle Clofabosin is the best attested early form of Clofabosin and is the ancestor of the Clofabic dialect continuum. It allowed more "weird" consonant clusters and vowel hiatuses than Modern Clofabosin; hiatusing vowels and compensatory lengthening from lost consonants gave rise to long vowels in conservative Modern Clofabosin.

Important works in Middle Clofabosin include the Paliperidin (inspired by Pali and paliperidone), a text made up of philosophical poetry (palin = line, peridin = collection).

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Velar Labiovelar
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ [ŋ]
Plosive voiceless p /p/ t /t/ c, k /k/ qu /kʷ/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ g /g/
Fricative voiceless ph, f /f/ th /θ/ s /s/
š /ʃ/ 		ch /x/
voiced z /z/
Trill r /r/
Approximant l /l/ v /w/

Old Clofabosin had geminates, unlike modern Clofabosin: for example, 'to learn' was nibbuir (modern nịbuvir).

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/, y /y/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ o /o/
Open a /a/ å /ɔ/

By the time of Early Modern Clofabosin, /y/ had merged with /i/.

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

  • -in = that which is...?, later nominative
  • -ol = nominative, later genitive; -o = combining form
  • -as(t) = with
  • -one = towards
  • -ib = locative
  • -e = accusative, directive

-n was originally a Caland affix -in, the source of -an (< -ain), -en (< -ein; -oin) and -i.n (< -iin, -uin) nouns in Modern Clofabosin. The majority of the largest group of nouns, the -.in nouns, acquired -in by analogy.

Verbs

  • -n-: to be (~-navir)
  • si: old causative
  • -ir = present progressive: tpoir = 'eats'
  • -zo = stative: tpozo = 'has eaten' (the -le in modern -zole comes from eli- "to become")
    • -zo-ium-ub > -zoumab, -ziumab > Modern Clo. -zumab
  • -ca, -ce = dynamic: tpoca = 'comes to eat';
  • -ciš- is an irrealis: -ciš-ium-ub > -ximab
  • -il = attributive
    • tpoil = who eats (modern dialectal spovil)
    • tpozoil
    • tpotinil, tpotnil
    • tpocil
  • -ium = neutral conjunctive for both nouns and verbs: tpoium = ...eats, whereas...
  • -ub = narrative past and subjunctive
    • tpoub or tpoiumub = ate, and then...
    • -ium-ub is the source of Modern Clofabosin -(u)mab which arose by dissimilation. Modern Clofabosin thus has spovir, spọmab for single syllable verb stems ending in a vowel.
  • -tin-ib is 'in the state of' (which became a habitual) -vetmab comes from vet- 'to continue'
  • fo = realis negation, tu = irrealis
  • -d- progressive

All verbs had the same paradigm.

Syntax

  • šop=ol tpo = the fish eats (unmarked for tense)
  • šop=ol tpoir = the fish is eating
  • šop=ol tpotinib = the fish be eating

Nonconfigurational?

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