Kwenya Greek: Difference between revisions
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'''Kwenya''' ( | '''Kwenya''' (''kwenyá'', κοινή) is a Hellenic language spoken in Irta. | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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== Diachronics == | == Diachronics == | ||
=== Proto-Kwenya === | === Proto-Kwenya === | ||
Essentially OTL's Koine Greek, η οι = /e{{raised}} ø/ | |||
=== Old Kwenya === | === Old Kwenya === | ||
η ω → iə uə | η ω → iə uə | ||
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===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
*μ ν γγ = /m n ŋ/ (γκ γχ = /ŋ: ŋkʰ/) | *μ ν γγ = /m n ŋ:/ (γκ γχ = /ŋ: ŋkʰ/) | ||
*π τ κ = /p t k/ | *π τ κ = /p t k/ | ||
*β δ = / | *β δ = /β{{lowered}} ð{{lowered}}/ | ||
*φ θ χ = /pʰ tʰ kʰ/ | *φ θ χ = /pʰ tʰ kʰ/ | ||
*σ γ = /s h/ | *σ γ = /s h/ | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
α ε ι ο υ η ω αι ει ευ ια ιο οι ου = /a ə i o wi ja | α ε ι ο υ η ω αι ει ευ ια ιο οι ου = /a ə i o wi ja wa e i ju ja jo we ɨ/ {{angbr|a ë i o wi ya wa e i yu ya yo we u}} | ||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
====Intonation==== | ====Intonation==== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:21, 11 March 2023
Kwenya (kwenyá, κοινή) is a Hellenic language spoken in Irta.
Introduction
Diachronics
Proto-Kwenya
Essentially OTL's Koine Greek, η οι = /e̝ ø/
Old Kwenya
η ω → iə uə
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
- μ ν γγ = /m n ŋ:/ (γκ γχ = /ŋ: ŋkʰ/)
- π τ κ = /p t k/
- β δ = /β̞ ð̞/
- φ θ χ = /pʰ tʰ kʰ/
- σ γ = /s h/
- ζ = /z/
- ϝ ρ/ς λ = /w ɾ l/
Vowels
α ε ι ο υ η ω αι ει ευ ια ιο οι ου = /a ə i o wi ja wa e i ju ja jo we ɨ/ ⟨a ë i o wi ya wa e i yu ya yo we u⟩
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Kwenya nouns have the following template:
STEM-case.number-(possessive suffix)
Kwenya lost gender.
Cases
Possessive suffixes
γλώσσαμου, γλώσσασου, γλώσσατου, γλώσσαμων, γλώσσασων, γλώσσατων = my language, ...
Adjectives
Adjectives have an attributive form and predicative forms that agree by number, animacy and gender. They also have past tense and imperative forms like verbs. also -wir, -ia, -wi < ύς-εία-ύ
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Verbs
Two voices: active, passive
Principal parts: present stem, past stem
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Numbers
All numbers are indeclinable:
1-10: ën, dwi, trya, tëttar, pënta, ëksa, ëpta, ohta, ënnya, dëka
11-20: ëndyutrũ, dwidyutru, ..., ikori (< hen deuterou, dyo deuterou, ... "one of the second [ten], two of the second [ten], ..." cf. Estonian üks·teist, kaks·teist, ...)
100: ëkaton
1000: khilya
Syntax
Constituent order
Kwenya syntax is similar to Finnish.