Verse:Mwail/Ryooteq: Difference between revisions

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'''~~Suwáá~~''' is a language ~~isolate of Hmøøh, spoken on the island country and archipelago~~ of ~~Suwáábíq~~. It is mainly inspired aesthetically by Burmese, Japanese~~, Navajo, and Ancient Greek~~, and its grammar is meant to be "Navajo-lite" (agglutinative, strongly head-final, and head-marking, though not fully polysynthetic; noun incorporation is limited to certain formal styles).

'''Ryooteq''' (''Ryooteq tahyéq'' [ljoːt̪eɪ̯t̪ːaɕéɪ̯ʔ]) is an indigenous language of Angai North America. It is mainly inspired aesthetically by Burmese and Japanese, and its grammar is meant to be "Navajo-lite" (agglutinative, strongly prefixing, strongly head-final, and head-marking, though not fully polysynthetic; noun incorporation is limited to certain formal styles).

~~The Suwáá dialect continuum is not known to be related to any other Hmøøhian language, but some have proposed a relation to the [[Quame languages]] based on lexical coincidences~~.

== Lexicon ==

* su- = ~~good~~

* Nyu-Mɛ Khɛ{{acute}}q: inventor of Kite guitar-type guitars

* su- = ''frozen derivation''

* wáá = person

* ~~chhwen~~ = house

* khywen = house

* weé = name

* maa = tree

* yań = water

* ~~lwɛ~~ = to do, to make

* rwɛ = to do, to make

* mó = blood

* mɔ́ = blood

* zoo = to look

* mé = to be (copula)

** ''Upwe namé.'' 'I am a boy.'

** ''Ryooteq nmé.'' 'He is a Ryooteq.'

* ze = to eat

* zé = to stack

== Phonology ==

=== Initials ===

~~Suwáá~~ has a large number of initials:

Ryooteq has a large number of initials; however, prefixes do not allow aspirated or voiced initials.

* Historical velar stops: k kh g ~~ng ch chh j ny~~ kw khw gw ~~ngw chw chhw jw nyw~~ /k kʰ g ŋ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ ɲ kw kʰw ŋw tɕɥ tɕʰɥ dʑɥ ɲɥ/

* Historical velar stops: k kh g ŋ ky khy gy ŋy kw khw gw ŋw kyw khyw gyw ŋyw /k kʰ g ŋ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ ɲ kw kʰw ŋw tɕɥ tɕʰɥ dʑɥ ɲɥ/

* Historical alveolar stops: t th d n s sh z ny tw thw dw nw sw shw zw nyw /t tʰ d n s sʰ z ɲ tw tʰw dw nw sw sʰw zw ɲɥ/

* Historical labial stops: p ph b m py phy by my pw phw bw mw /p pʰ b m pj pʰj bj mj pw pʰw bw mw/

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=== Tone ===

High (acute) and low (unmarked)

=== Phonotactics ===

Allowed syllables: n or initial + any non-n rime

== Morphology ==

=== Nouns ===

~~Suwáá~~ nouns are often monosyllabic, like ''mó'' 'blood'. Here is an example of a noun inflected for possession:

Ryooteq nouns are often, though not always, monosyllabic, like ''mɔ́'' 'blood'. Here is an example of a noun inflected for possession:

* ''~~namó~~'' = my blood

* ''namɔ́'' = my blood

* ''~~himó~~'' = thy blood

* ''himɔ́'' = thy blood

* ''~~damó~~'' = his/her/their blood (Navajo bi-)

* ''tamɔ́'' = his/her/their blood (proximate, like Navajo bi-)

* ''~~wamó~~'' = his/her/their blood (Navajo yi-)

* ''wamɔ́'' = his/her/their blood (obviative‚ like Navajo yi-)

* ''~~hamó~~'' = one's blood

* ''amɔ́'' = one's blood

* ''~~chamó~~'' = our (exc.) blood

* ''kyamɔ́'' = our (exc.) blood

* ''~~yemó~~'' = our (inc.) blood

* ''yemɔ́'' = our (inc.) blood

* ''~~erimó~~'' = your (pl.) blood

* ''erimɔ́'' = your (pl.) blood

Possession is indicated by using the appropriate possessive form after the possessor: ''Eqsiq tamɔ́'' (E. 3-blood) 'Eqsiq's blood'.

=== Verbs ===

Ryooteq verb roots are always monosyllabic.

== Syntax ==

=== Obviation ===

Like Navajo, Ryooteq shows various levels of animacy in its grammar, with certain nouns taking specific verb forms according to their rank in this animacy hierarchy. For instance, Ryooteq nouns can be ranked by animacy on a continuum from most animate (a human or lightning) to least animate (an abstraction):

humans > infants/big animals > midsize animals > small animals > insects > natural forces > inanimate objects/plants > abstractions

Generally, the most animate noun in a sentence must occur first while the noun with lesser animacy occurs second. If both nouns are equal in animacy, then either noun can occur in the first position. So, both example sentences (1) and (2) are correct. The ''n-'' prefix on the verb indicates that the 1st noun is the agent and ''i-'' indicates that the 2nd noun is the agent.

: ''Upwe unɛń nzoo.'' (1)

: boy girl OBV-look

: 'The boy is looking at the girl.'

: ''Upwe unɛń izoo.'' (2)

: boy girl PROX-look

: 'The boy is being looked at by the girl.'

But example sentence (3) sounds wrong to most Ryooteq speakers because the less animate noun occurs before the more animate noun:

: ''*Hipyii unɛń hyenkywáq.''

: bird girl PST-OBV-peck

: 'The bird pecked the girl.'

~~Possession is indicated by using~~ the ~~appropriate possessive form after the possessor~~: ''~~Eqsiq damó~~'' ~~(E. 3~~-~~blood)~~ '~~Eqsiq's blood~~'.

To express this idea requires that the more animate noun occur first, as in sentence (4):

: ''Unɛń hipyii hyeekywáq.''

: girl bird PST-PROX-peck

: 'The girl was pecked by the bird.'

== Vocabulary ==

Purist

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Suwáá''' is a language isolate of Hmøøh, spoken on the island country and archipelago of Suwáábíq. It is mainly inspired aesthetically by Burmese, Japanese, Navajo, and Ancient Greek, and its grammar is meant to be "Navajo-lite" (agglutinative, strongly head-final, and head-marking, though not fully polysynthetic; noun incorporation is limited to certain formal styles).
+'''Ryooteq''' (''Ryooteq tahyéq'' [ljoːt̪eɪ̯t̪ːaɕéɪ̯ʔ]) is an indigenous language of Angai North America. It is mainly inspired aesthetically by Burmese and Japanese, and its grammar is meant to be "Navajo-lite" (agglutinative, strongly prefixing, strongly head-final, and head-marking, though not fully polysynthetic; noun incorporation is limited to certain formal styles).
-The Suwáá dialect continuum is not known to be related to any other Hmøøhian language, but some have proposed a relation to the [[Quame languages]] based on lexical coincidences.
 == Lexicon ==
-* su- = good
+* Nyu-Mɛ Khɛ{{acute}}q: inventor of Kite guitar-type guitars
+* su- = ''frozen derivation''
 * wáá = person
-* chhwen = house
+* khywen = house
 * weé = name
 * maa = tree
 * yań = water
-* lwɛ = to do, to make
+* rwɛ = to do, to make
-* mó = blood
+* mɔ́ = blood
+* zoo = to look
+* mé = to be (copula)
+** ''Upwe namé.'' 'I am a boy.'
+** ''Ryooteq nmé.'' 'He is a Ryooteq.'
+* ze = to eat
+* zé = to stack
 == Phonology ==
 === Initials ===
-Suwáá has a large number of initials:
+Ryooteq has a large number of initials; however, prefixes do not allow aspirated or voiced initials.
-* Historical velar stops: k kh g ng ch chh j ny kw khw gw ngw chw chhw jw nyw /k kʰ g ŋ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ ɲ kw kʰw ŋw tɕɥ tɕʰɥ dʑɥ ɲɥ/
+* Historical velar stops: k kh g ŋ ky khy gy ŋy kw khw gw ŋw kyw khyw gyw ŋyw /k kʰ g ŋ tɕ tɕʰ dʑ ɲ kw kʰw ŋw tɕɥ tɕʰɥ dʑɥ ɲɥ/
 * Historical alveolar stops: t th d n s sh z ny tw thw dw nw sw shw zw nyw /t tʰ d n s sʰ z ɲ tw tʰw dw nw sw sʰw zw ɲɥ/
 * Historical labial stops: p ph b m py phy by my pw phw bw mw /p pʰ b m pj pʰj bj mj pw pʰw bw mw/
@@ Line 31: / Line 36: @@
 === Tone ===
 High (acute) and low (unmarked)
+=== Phonotactics ===
+Allowed syllables: n or initial + any non-n rime
 == Morphology ==
 === Nouns ===
-Suwáá nouns are often monosyllabic, like ''mó'' 'blood'. Here is an example of a noun inflected for possession:
+Ryooteq nouns are often, though not always, monosyllabic, like ''mɔ́'' 'blood'. Here is an example of a noun inflected for possession:
-* ''namó'' = my blood
+* ''namɔ́'' = my blood
-* ''himó'' = thy blood
+* ''himɔ́'' = thy blood
-* ''damó'' = his/her/their blood (Navajo bi-)
+* ''tamɔ́'' = his/her/their blood (proximate, like Navajo bi-)
-* ''wamó'' = his/her/their blood (Navajo yi-)
+* ''wamɔ́'' = his/her/their blood (obviative‚ like Navajo yi-)
-* ''hamó'' = one's blood
+* ''amɔ́'' = one's blood
-* ''chamó'' = our (exc.) blood
+* ''kyamɔ́'' = our (exc.) blood
-* ''yemó'' = our (inc.) blood
+* ''yemɔ́'' = our (inc.) blood
-* ''erimó'' = your (pl.) blood
+* ''erimɔ́'' = your (pl.) blood
+Possession is indicated by using the appropriate possessive form after the possessor: ''Eqsiq tamɔ́'' (E. 3-blood) 'Eqsiq's blood'.
+=== Verbs ===
+Ryooteq verb roots are always monosyllabic.
+== Syntax ==
+=== Obviation ===
+Like Navajo, Ryooteq shows various levels of animacy in its grammar, with certain nouns taking specific verb forms according to their rank in this animacy hierarchy. For instance, Ryooteq nouns can be ranked by animacy on a continuum from most animate (a human or lightning) to least animate (an abstraction):
+humans > infants/big animals > midsize animals > small animals > insects > natural forces > inanimate objects/plants > abstractions
+Generally, the most animate noun in a sentence must occur first while the noun with lesser animacy occurs second. If both nouns are equal in animacy, then either noun can occur in the first position. So, both example sentences (1) and (2) are correct. The ''n-'' prefix on the verb indicates that the 1st noun is the agent and ''i-'' indicates that the 2nd noun is the agent.
+: ''Upwe unɛń nzoo.'' (1)
+: boy girl OBV-look
+: 'The boy is looking at the girl.'
+: ''Upwe unɛń izoo.'' (2)
+: boy girl PROX-look
+: 'The boy is being looked at by the girl.'
+But example sentence (3) sounds wrong to most Ryooteq speakers because the less animate noun occurs before the more animate noun:
+: ''*Hipyii unɛń hyenkywáq.''
+: bird girl PST-OBV-peck
+: 'The bird pecked the girl.'
-Possession is indicated by using the appropriate possessive form after the possessor: ''Eqsiq damó'' (E. 3-blood) 'Eqsiq's blood'.
+To express this idea requires that the more animate noun occur first, as in sentence (4):
+: ''Unɛń hipyii hyeekywáq.''
+: girl bird PST-PROX-peck
+: 'The girl was pecked by the bird.'
 == Vocabulary ==
 Purist