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Tardigrade

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Line 196: Line 196:
|pronunciation = eˈvei̯ɾeɡ
|pronunciation = eˈvei̯ɾeɡ
|creator = Tardigrade
|creator = Tardigrade
|setting = Iberia
|states = Spain, Portugal
|states = Spain, Portugal
|familycolor = Indo-European
|familycolor = Indo-European
Line 202: Line 201:
|fam3= [[Insular Celtic]]
|fam3= [[Insular Celtic]]
|fam4= [[Brythonic]]
|fam4= [[Brythonic]]
|ancestor= [[Common Brythonic]]
|ancestor= [[w:Common Brythonic|Common Brythonic]]
|script1 = Latn
|script1 = Latn
}}
}}


Everish '''Eveireg''' {{IPA|/eˈvei̯ɾeɡ/}} is a a Brittonic Celtic tongue spoken in parts of Galicia and Asturias.
Everish '''Eveireg''' {{IPA|/eˈvei̯ɾeɡ/}} is a a Brittonic Celtic tongue spoken in parts of Galicia and Asturias.
==Phonology and Orthography==
===Everish Consonants===
The consonant inventory for Everish is as follows:
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan=2 |
! [[w:Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]]
! [[w:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]]
! [[w:Dental_consonant|Dental]]
! [[w:Alveolar_consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| [[w:Voiced_bilabial_nasal|m]] ⟨m⟩
| rowspan=3 style=border-right:0; |
| style=border-left:0; |
| [[w:Voiced_dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_nasals|n]] ⟨n⟩
| [[w:ɲ|ɲ]] ⟨ñ⟩
| [[w:ŋ|ŋ]] ⟨ng, ngu⟩
|-
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Stop consonant|Plosive]] !! <small>[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiceless]]</small>
| [[w:Voiceless_bilabial_plosive|p]] ⟨p⟩
| [[w:Voiceless_dental_plosive|t]] ⟨t⟩
| rowspan=2 |
| [[w:t͡ʃ|t͡ʃ]] ⟨ch⟩
| [[w:/k/|k]] ⟨c, qu⟩
|-
! <small>[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small>
| rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced_bilabial_plosive|b]]~[[w:/β/|β]] ⟨b⟩
| rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced_dental_plosive|d]]~[[w:/ð/|ð]] ⟨d⟩
| rowspan=2 | [[w:d͡ʒ|d͡ʒ]]~[[w:ʒ|ʒ]] ⟨g, j⟩
| rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced_velar_plosive|ɡ]]~[[w:/ɣ/|ɣ]] ⟨g, gu⟩
|-
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]] !! <small>[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]</small>
| [[w:Voiced_labial_fricative|v]] ⟨v⟩
| [[w:Voiced_alveolar_sibilant|z]] ⟨z⟩
|-
! <small>[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiceless]]</small>
|
| [[w:Voiceless_labial_fricative|f]] ⟨f⟩
| [[w:Voiceless_dental_fricative|θ]] ⟨ç⟩
| [[w:Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant|s]] ⟨s⟩
| [[w:ʃ|ʃ]] ⟨x⟩
| [[w:Voiceless_velar_fricative|x]] ⟨h⟩
|-
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Approximant|Approximant]] !! <small>[[w:Central consonant|central]]</small>
| rowspan=4 colspan=3 style=border-right:0; |
| style=border-left:0; |
| [[w:/j/|j]] ⟨y⟩
| [[w:/w/|w]] ⟨u⟩
|-
! <small>[[w:Lateral consonant|lateral]]</small>
| [[w:/l/|l]] ⟨l⟩
| [[w:/ʎ/|ʎ]] ⟨ll⟩
| rowspan=3 style=border-left:0; |
|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Trill|Trill]]
| [[w:/r/|r]] ⟨rr⟩
|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Tap|Tap]]
| [[w:/ɾ/|ɾ]] ⟨r⟩
|-
|}
===Vowels & Diphthongs===
Everish can be described as having two groups of vowel sounds:
# the open vowels, which arose from historically short vowels
# the close vowels, which arose from historically long vowels
# the diphthongs
The open and close vowels are represented by the following inventory:
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 270px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 60px; " |Front
! style="width: 60px; " |Central
! style="width: 60px; " |Back
|-
! style="" |Close
| iː &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ʉ(ː)
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; u(ː)
|-
! style="" |Near-close
| ɪ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ʊ
|-
! style="" |Close-mid
| eː &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; oː
|-
! style="" |Mid
|
| ə
|
|-
! style="" |Open-mid
| ɛ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
| ʌ &nbsp;&nbsp; ɔ(ː)
|-
! style="" |Near-open
|
|
|
|-
! style="" |Open
| a(ː) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
|
|}
All of Everish's true diphthongs are falling and consist of a vowel + either /i̯/ or /u̯/.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 270px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 70px; " |+ i̯
! style="width: 70px; " |+ u̯
|-
! style="" |Near-close
|
| ɪu̯
|-
! style="" |Mid
| əi̯
|
|-
! style="" |Open-mid
| ɛi̯ &nbsp;&nbsp; ɔi̯
| ɛu̯ &nbsp;&nbsp; ɔu̯
|-
! style="" |Open
|
| au̯
|}


===Sound Changes===
===Sound Changes===
====Consonant Mutations====
====Consonant Mutations====
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: '''lenis''' (''međol''), '''spirant''' (''cravol'') and '''nasal''' (''truinol'').  There is a fourth type of mutation called '''aspiration''' (''huizol'') in which word-initial vowels take an ''h'-'' before them.
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: '''lenis''' (''[[Contionary:meyel|meyel]]''), '''spirant''' (''[[Contionary:cravel|cravel]]'') and '''nasal''' (''[[Contionary:truinel|truinel]]'').


The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.
The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.
Line 226: Line 365:
| ''t'' /t/
| ''t'' /t/
| colspan=2 | ''d'' /d/
| colspan=2 | ''d'' /d/
| ''z'' /θ/
| ''ç'' /θ/
|-
|-
| ''c'' /k/
| ''c'' /k/
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| ''d'' /d/
| ''d'' /d/
| ''n'' /n/
| ''n'' /n/
| colspan=2 | ''đ'' /ð/
| colspan=2 | ∅
|-
|-
| ''g'' /ɡ/
| ''g'' /ɡ/
| ''ng'' /ŋ/
| ''ng'' /ŋ/
| colspan=2 |
| colspan=2 | ∅
|-
| ''gu'' /ɡw/
| ''ng'' /ŋw/
| colspan=2 | ''v'' /v/
|-
|-
| ''dj'' /d͡ʒ/
| ''dj'' /d͡ʒ/
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|}
|}


Lenited ''g'' disappears before a consonant, becomes ''w'' before words in ''go-, gu-, goo-'' and becomes ''h-'' before other vowels, e.g. ''gre'' "flock" → ''i re'' "his flock", ''gur'' "man, husband" → ''i wur'' "his husband", ''geryadour'' "dictionary" → ''i heryadour'' "his dictionary".
Lenited ''g'' becomes ''v'' before words in ''go-, gu-'', e.g. ''[[Contionary:gou|gou]]'' "smith" → ''i vou'' "his smith", ''[[Contionary:gur|gur]]'' "man, husband" → ''i vur'' "his husband".


Examples:
Examples:
* Lenition: ''i beñ'' "his head", ''di dad'' "your dad", ''i gi'' "his dog", ''a vanon'' "the lady", ''do Varselon'' "to Barcelona", .  
* Lenition: ''i beñ'' "his head", ''di dad'' "your dad", ''i dji'' "his dog", ''a reg'' "the woman", ''do Varselen'' "to Barcelona".  
* Spirantisation: ''i feñ'' "her head", ''tri zad'' "three dads", ''tair haz'' "three cats".
* Spirantisation: ''i feñ'' "her head", ''tri çad'' "three dads", ''ter haç'' "three cats".
* Nasalisation: ''no manon'' "nine ladies", ''i Marselon'' "in Barcelona", ''mi garrer'' "my road"
* Nasalisation: ''no ngreg'' "nine women", ''i Marselen'' "in Barcelona", ''mi garrer'' "my road"
* Aspiration: ''i h'ewidir'' "her uncle", ''an h'oungorn'' "our unicorn".


===List===
===List===
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
|i=No| №
|i=No| №
!c=en| [[w:English]]
!c=en| [[w:English|English]]
!c=cel-pro| [[w:Proto-Celtic]]
!c=cel-pro| [[w:Proto-Celtic|Proto-Celtic]]
!c=cel-bry-pro| [[w:Proto-Brythonic]]
!c=cel-bry-pro| [[w:Proto-Brythonic|Common Brittonic]]
!c=br| [[w:Breton]]
!c=br| [[w:Breton|Breton]]
!c=kw| [[w:Cornish]]
!c=kw| [[w:Cornish|Cornish]]
!c=cy| [[w:Welsh]]
!c=cy| [[w:Welsh|Welsh]]
!c=sga| [[w:Old Irish]]
!c=sga| [[w:Old Irish|Old Irish]]
!c=ev| [[Everish]]
!c=ev| [[Everish]]
|-
|-
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|mi}}, {{l|cy|fi}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|mi}}, {{l|cy|fi}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|mé}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|mé}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|mé}}
|c=ev| {{term#mi|mi}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|mi}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|mee}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 2
|i=No| 2
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|ti}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ti}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|tú}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|tú}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|tú}}
|c=ev| {{term#ti|ti}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|thu}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|oo}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 3
|i=No| 3
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|ef}}, {{l|cy|fe}}, {{l|cy|fo}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ef}}, {{l|cy|fe}}, {{l|cy|fo}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|é}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|é}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|sé}}
|c=ev| {{term#ey|ey}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|e}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|eh}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 4
|i=No| 4
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|ni}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ni}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|sní}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|sní}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|muid}}, {{l|ga|sinn}}
|c=ev| {{term#ni|ni}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|sinn}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|shin}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 5
|i=No| 5
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|chi}}, {{l|cy|chwi}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|chi}}, {{l|cy|chwi}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|sib}}, {{l|sga|síi}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|sib}}, {{l|sga|síi}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|sibh}}
|c=ev| {{term#huy|huy}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|sibh}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|shiu}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 6
|i=No| 6
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|hwy}}, {{l|cy|hwynt}}, {{l|cy|nhw}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|hwy}}, {{l|cy|hwynt}}, {{l|cy|nhw}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|é}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|é}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|siad}}
|c=ev| {{term#i|i}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|'ad}}, {{l|gd|iad}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|ad}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 7
|i=No| 7
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|ddim}}, {{l|cy|nid}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ddim}}, {{l|cy|nid}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|ní}}, {{l|sga|nícon}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|ní}}, {{l|sga|nícon}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|cha}}, {{l|ga|chan}}, {{l|ga|ní}}
|c=ev| {{term#ne|ne}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|cha}}, {{l|gd|chan}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|cha}}, {{l|gv|chan}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 17
|i=No| 17
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|un}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|un}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|óen}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|óen}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|aon}}
|c=ev| {{term#un|un}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|aon}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|un}}, {{l|gv|unnane}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 23
|i=No| 23
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|dau}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|dau}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|dá}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|dá}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|dhá}}
|c=ev| {{term#do|do}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|dà}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|daa}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 24
|i=No| 24
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|tair}}, {{l|cy|tri}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|tair}}, {{l|cy|tri}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|trí}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|trí}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|trí}}
|c=ev| {{term#tri|tri}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|trì}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|tree}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 25
|i=No| 25
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|pedwar}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|pedwar}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cethair}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cethair}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|ceathair}}
|c=ev| {{term#peser|peser}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|ceithir}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|kiare}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 26
|i=No| 26
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|pump}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|pump}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cóic}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cóic}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|cúig}}
|c=ev| {{term#pim|pim}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|còig}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|queig}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 27
|i=No| 27
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|mawr}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|mawr}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|oll}}, {{l|sga|mór}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|oll}}, {{l|sga|mór}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|mór}}
|c=ev| {{term#bras|bras}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|mòr}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|mooar}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 28
|i=No| 28
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|hir}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|hir}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|fota}}, {{l|sga|sír}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|fota}}, {{l|sga|sír}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|fada}}
|c=ev| {{term#ir|ir}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|fada}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|foddey}}, {{l|gv|liauyr}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 29
|i=No| 29
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|llydan}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|llydan}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|lethan}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|lethan}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|leathan}}
|c=ev| {{term#lledan|lledan}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|leathann}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|lhean}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 30
|i=No| 30
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|tew}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|tew}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|remor}}, {{l|sga|tiug}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|remor}}, {{l|sga|tiug}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|ramhar}}, {{l|ga|tiubh}}
|c=ev| {{term#treu|teu}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|tiugh}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|roauyr}}, {{l|gv|çhiu}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 31
|i=No| 31
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|trwm}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|trwm}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|trom}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|trom}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|trom}}
|c=ev| {{term#trum|trum}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|trom}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|trome}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 32
|i=No| 32
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|c=cy| {{l|cy|dyn}}, {{l|cy|gŵr}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|dyn}}, {{l|cy|gŵr}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|fer}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|fer}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|fear}}
|c=ev| {{term#guas|guas}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|fear}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|dooinney}}, {{l|gv|fer}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 38
|i=No| 38
Line 749: Line 855:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|dyn}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|dyn}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|duine}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|duine}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|duine}}
|c=ev| {{term#din|din}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|duine}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|dooinney}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 39
|i=No| 39
Line 833: Line 937:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|pysgodyn}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|pysgodyn}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|íasc}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|íasc}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|iasc}}
|c=ev| {{term#peixed|peixed}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|iasg}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|eeast}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 46
|i=No| 46
Line 845: Line 947:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|aderyn}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|aderyn}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|én}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|én}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|éan}}
|c=ev| {{term#eden|eden}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|eun}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|ushag}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 47
|i=No| 47
Line 857: Line 957:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ci}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|ci}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cú}}, {{l|sga|matad}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cú}}, {{l|sga|matad}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|cú}}, {{l|ga|gadhar}}, {{l|ga|madadh}}, {{l|ga|madra}}
|c=ev| {{term#chi|chi}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|cù}}, {{l|gd|madadh}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|coo}}, {{l|gv|moddey}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 48
|i=No| 48
Line 869: Line 967:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|llau}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|llau}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|míl}}, {{l|sga|míl étgudo}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|míl}}, {{l|sga|míl étgudo}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|míol cnis}}
|c=ev| {{term#llo|llo}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|mial}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|meeyl}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 49
|i=No| 49
Line 881: Line 977:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|neidr}}, {{l|cy|sarff}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|neidr}}, {{l|cy|sarff}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|nathair}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|nathair}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|nathair}}
|c=ev| {{term#nader|nader}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|nathair}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|aarnieu}}, {{l|gv|ardnieu}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 50
|i=No| 50
Line 893: Line 987:
|c=cy| {{l|cy|abwydyn}}, {{l|cy|mwydyn}}, {{l|cy|pryf}}, {{l|cy|pryf genwair}}
|c=cy| {{l|cy|abwydyn}}, {{l|cy|mwydyn}}, {{l|cy|pryf}}, {{l|cy|pryf genwair}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cruim}}
|c=sga| {{l|sga|cruim}}
|c=ga| {{l|ga|cruimh}}, {{l|ga|péist}}
|c=ev| {{term#prĩu|prĩu}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|cnuimh}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|beisht}}, {{l|gv|beishteig}}, {{l|gv|dhiane}}
|-
|-
|i=No| 51
|i=No| 51
Line 1,388: Line 1,480:
|c=gd| {{l|gd|adha}}
|c=gd| {{l|gd|adha}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|aane}}
|c=gv| {{l|gv|aane}}
|}
==Bandal==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Bandal
! Maltese
! [[Siculo-Arabic]]<br/>(in [[Sicilian language|Sicilian]])
! Arabic text
! English
|-
| bebbuxu
| {{lang|mt|bebbuxu}}
| {{lang|scn|babbaluciu}}
| {{lang|ary|ببوش|rtl=yes}} (babbūš)<br/>
| snail
|-
| gebbu
| {{lang|mt|ġiebja}}
| {{lang|scn|gebbia}}
| {{lang|ar|جب|rtl=yes}} (jabb)
| cistern
|-
| giunglena
| {{lang|mt|ġunġlien}}
| {{lang|scn|giuggiulena}}
| {{lang|ar|جنجلان|rtl=yes}} (junjulān)
| sesame seed
|-
| seghija
| {{lang|mt|sieqja}}
| {{lang|scn|saia}}
| {{lang|ar|ساقية|rtl=yes}} (sāqiyah)
| canal
|-
| tennuru
| {{lang|mt|kenur}}
| {{lang|scn|tannura}}
| {{lang|ar|تنور|rtl=yes}} (tannūr)
| oven
|-
| zafranu
| {{lang|mt|żagħfran}}
| {{lang|scn|zaffarana}}
| {{lang|ar|زعفران|rtl=yes}} (zaʿfarān)
| [[saffron]]
|-
| zara
| żahra (less common than fjura, borrowed from Medieval Sicilian)
| {{lang|scn|zagara}}
| {{lang|ar|زهرة|rtl=yes}} (zahrah)
| blossom
|-
| sbiba
| {{lang|mt|żbib}}
| {{lang|scn|zibbibbu}}
| {{lang|ar|زبيب|rtl=yes}} (zabīb)
| raisins
|-
| segu
| {{lang|mt|zokk}} (may be borrowed from Sicilian)
| {{lang|scn|zuccu}}
| {{lang|ar|ساق|rtl=yes}} (sāq)
| tree trunk
|-
| tebutu
| {{lang|mt|tebut}}
| {{lang|scn|tabbutu}}
| {{lang|ar|تابوت|rtl=yes}} (tābūt)
| coffin
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Maltese
! Berber languages
! English
|-
| grinxula
| ''gremxula''
| ''azrem ašal'', lit. 'land worm', ([[Kabyle language|Kabyle]])
| lizard
|-
| ficruna
|''fekruna''
|''tifakrunin'' ([[Jerba Berber|Jerbi]]), ''ifekran'' ([[Shilha language|Tashelhiyt]]), ''ifkran'' (Kabyle)
|turtle
|-
| geddu
| ''geddum''
| ''aqadum'', lit. 'face, frown' (Kabyle)
| chin
|-
| gendu
| ''gendus''
| ''gandūz'', lit. 'young calf' (Jerbi)
| ox, bull
|-
|
|''gerżuma''
|''ageržum'' ([[Mozabite language|Mozabite]], Tashelhiyt)
|throat
|-
|
|''tfief''
|''tilfaf'' ([[Ouargli language|Ouargli]]), ''tifāf, tilfāf, tiffāf'' ([[Tarifit]])
|sow thistle (''[[Sonchus oleraceus]]'')
|-
|
|''tengħud''
|''talaɣūda'' ([[Tunisian Arabic]]), ''telɣūda'' ([[Algerian Arabic]])
|spurge (''[[Euphorbia]]'')
|-
|
|''kosksu''
|''kuskesu, kuskus'' (Kabyle)
|couscous, small round pasta
|-
| fart
|''fartas''
|''aferḍas'' (Ouargli, Kabyle)
|bald
|-
|''għaffeġ''
|‘''affež'' (Algerian Arabic), ''effeẓ'' (Ouargli, Mozabite)
|to crush, to squash
|-
|
|''żrinġ''
|''tažrant'' (Jerbi)
|frog
|-
| izrar
|''żrar''
|''zrar'' (Mozabite, Ouargli), ''azrar'' (Kabyle, [[Nafusi language|Nafusi]])
|gravel
|-
|
|''werżieq''
|''wárẓag'' ([[Mrazig]])
|cicada, lit. screamer, shrieker
|-
|
|''buqexrem''
|''buqišrem'' (Kabyle)
|vervain ([[Verbena officinalis]])
|-
|
|''fidloqqom''
|''fudalɣem'' (Kabyle)
|borage ([[Borage|Borago officinalis]])
|-
| zor
|''żorr''
|''uzur'' (Kabyle), ''uzzur'' (Tarifit)
|rude, arrogant
|-
|leddixer
|''lellex''
|''lelleš'' (Mozabite)
|to shine, to glitter
|-
| besber
|''pespes''
|''bbesbes'' (Ouargli)
|to whisper
|-
|tefter
|''teptep''
|''ṭṭebṭeb'' (Ouargli)
|to blink, to twinkle
|-
| bibber
|''webbel''
|''webben'' (Mozabite)
|to induce, to tempt
|}
|}
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