Etlish: Difference between revisions

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==Orthography==
==Orthography==
Etlish is written with the Latin script.
{| class="wikitable"
! A a !! Aa aa !! Ai ai !! Aai aai !! Au au !! Aau aau !! Ä ä !! Ää ää
|-
| /ɑ/ || /ɑː/ || /ɑi/ || /ɑːi/ || /ɑu/ || /ɑːu/ || /æ/ || /æː/
|-
! Äi äi !! Ääi ääi !! Äü äü !! Ääü ääü !! B b !! D d !! E e !! Ee ee
|-
| /æi/ || /æːi/ || /æy/ || /æːy/ || /b/ || /d/ || /e/ || /eː/
|-
! Ei ei !! Eei eei || Ë ë !! H h !! I i !! Ii ii !! J j !! K k
|-
| /ei/ || /eːi/ || /ə/ || /h/ || /i/ || /iː/ || /j/ || /k/
|-
! L l !! M m !! N n !! O o !! Oi oi !! Oo oo !! Ou ou !! Oou oou
|-
| /l/ || /m/ || /n/ || /o/ || /oi/ || /oː/ || /ou/ || /oːu/
|-
! Ö ö !! Öi öi !! Öö öö !! Öü öü !! Ööü ööü !! P p !! R r !! S s
|-
| /ø/ || /øi/ || /øː/ || /øy/ || /øːy/ || /p/ || /r/ || /s/
|-
! T t !! Ts ts !! U u !! Uu uu !! Ü ü !! Üü üü !! V v !! Z z
|-
| /t/ || /t͡s/ || /u/ || /uː/ || /y/ || /yː/ || /w/ || /z/
|}
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Consonants
|-
! !! colspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] !! colspan="2" | [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] !! Dorsal
|-
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
|-
! [[w:Stop consonant|Stop]]
| [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]] || [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]]
|-
! [[w:Affricate|Affricate]]
| colspan="2" | || [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t͡s]]
|-
! [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
| colspan="2" | || [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar fricative|z]] || [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]]
|-
! [[w:Approximant|Approximant]]
| colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced labial–velar approximant|w]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
|-
! [[w:Trill|Trill]]
| colspan="2" | || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]
|}
*/n/ is realized as [ŋ] before /k,h/.
*/h/ is realized as [x] in coda.
===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Vowels
|-
! !! [[w:Front vowel|Front]] [[w:Unrounded vowel|unrounded]] !! [[w:Front vowel|Front]] [[w:Rounded vowel|rounded]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
|-
! [[w:Close vowel|High]]
| [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] iː || [[w:Close front rounded vowel|y]] yː || [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]] uː
|-
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
| [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]] eː || [[w:Close-mid front rounded vowel|ø]] øː || [[w:Mid central vowel|ə]] [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]] oː
|-
! [[w:Open vowel|Low]]
| [[w:Near-open front unrounded vowel|æ]] æː || || [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]] ɑː
|}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Diphthongs
|-
| ei eːi || øy øːy || oi ||  ou oːu
|-
| æi æːi || æy æːy || ɑi ɑːi ||  ɑu ɑːu
|}
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
Words bear initial stress.
===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
Etlish maximal syllables are CVC.
Etlish maximal syllables are CVC.
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! Front !! Back
! Front !! Back
|-
|-
| y yː || u uː
| ü üü || u uu
|-
| ø øː || o oː
|-
| øi || oi
|-
|-
| øy øːy || ou oːu
| ö öö* || o oo
|-
|-
| æ æː || ɑ ɑː
| öi öü* ööü* || oi ou oou
|-
|-
| æi æːi || ɑi ɑːi
| ä ää || a aa
|-
|-
| æy æːy || ɑu ɑːu
| äi ääi äü ääü || ai aai au aau
|}
|}


*/i,iː,e,eː,ei,eːi,ə,øː,øy,øːy/ are neutral and transparent to harmony.
*/i,iː,e,eː,ei,eːi,ə/ are neutral and transparent to harmony.
*/øː,øy,øːy/ may also act as back vowels.
*/øː,øy,øːy/ may be either front or transparent.


====Consonant gradation====
====Consonant gradation====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! Strong !! Weak
|-
| p t k || w z j
|-
| rowspan="2" | pp tt kk || p t k
|-
| vv zz jj
|-
| ts s || s h
|}


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
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==Syntax==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
Etlish word order is flexible but predominantly SVO.
===Noun and verb phrases===
===Noun and verb phrases===
Possessors, numerals, and adverbs precede their head. Adjectives may precede or follow their head.
===Dependent clauses===
===Dependent clauses===
Dependent clauses directly follow their head.


==Example texts==
==Example texts==

Latest revision as of 01:44, 9 March 2024

Etlish
Eteläin keeli
Pronunciation[ˈetelæin ˈkeːli]
Created byDillon Hartwig
Date2021
SettingWest Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Etlish /ˈɛtlɪʃ/ (Etlish: Eteläin keeli [ˈetelæin ˈkeːli]) is a Finnic language spoken in Western Pomerania.

Etymology

Etlish is from German Etlisch, from Etlish etel "Etlish person", from Proto-Finnic *etelä "south-southwest".

Orthography

Etlish is written with the Latin script.

A a Aa aa Ai ai Aai aai Au au Aau aau Ä ä Ää ää
/ɑ/ /ɑː/ /ɑi/ /ɑːi/ /ɑu/ /ɑːu/ /æ/ /æː/
Äi äi Ääi ääi Äü äü Ääü ääü B b D d E e Ee ee
/æi/ /æːi/ /æy/ /æːy/ /b/ /d/ /e/ /eː/
Ei ei Eei eei Ë ë H h I i Ii ii J j K k
/ei/ /eːi/ /ə/ /h/ /i/ /iː/ /j/ /k/
L l M m N n O o Oi oi Oo oo Ou ou Oou oou
/l/ /m/ /n/ /o/ /oi/ /oː/ /ou/ /oːu/
Ö ö Öi öi Öö öö Öü öü Ööü ööü P p R r S s
/ø/ /øi/ /øː/ /øy/ /øːy/ /p/ /r/ /s/
T t Ts ts U u Uu uu Ü ü Üü üü V v Z z
/t/ /t͡s/ /u/ /uː/ /y/ /yː/ /w/ /z/

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Dorsal
Nasal m n
Stop p b t d k
Affricate t͡s
Fricative s z h
Approximant w l j
Trill r
  • /n/ is realized as [ŋ] before /k,h/.
  • /h/ is realized as [x] in coda.

Vowels

Vowels
Front unrounded Front rounded Back
High i iː y yː u uː
Close-mid e eː ø øː ə o oː
Low æ æː ɑ ɑː
Diphthongs
ei eːi øy øːy oi ou oːu
æi æːi æy æːy ɑi ɑːi ɑu ɑːu

Prosody

Words bear initial stress.

Phonotactics

Etlish maximal syllables are CVC.

Vowel harmony

Front Back
ü üü u uu
ö öö* o oo
öi öü* ööü* oi ou oou
ä ää a aa
äi ääi äü ääü ai aai au aau
  • /i,iː,e,eː,ei,eːi,ə/ are neutral and transparent to harmony.
  • /øː,øy,øːy/ may be either front or transparent.

Consonant gradation

Strong Weak
p t k w z j
pp tt kk p t k
vv zz jj
ts s s h

Morphology

Nouns

Pronouns

Verbs

Adjectives

Negation

Numerals

Syntax

Constituent order

Etlish word order is flexible but predominantly SVO.

Noun and verb phrases

Possessors, numerals, and adverbs precede their head. Adjectives may precede or follow their head.

Dependent clauses

Dependent clauses directly follow their head.

Example texts

Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 1

Linguifex-hosted translations

Conlang Atlas of Language Structures-hosted translations

Other resources

CALS

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