Riphean: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:08, 3 September 2025

Riphean (rivška) is an Indo-European language of Tdūrzů, spoken in our Poland, Prussia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is inspired by Czech and Dutch and contains vocabulary we think of as Balto-Slavic and non-English Germanic.

TODO

Split-ergative past tense using a -n- passive participle?

UDHR

Wiži dzíni kimeđ walni im lejki in zwem chejn im zwame đejžam.

/ˈʋɪʒɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪməθ ˈʋalɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ ɪn zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamə ˈðɛjʒɐm/

(im ~ Latin ambō)

hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė

Phonology

Riphean has consistent initial stress.

Voiceless stops are not aspirated

w and v as in Dutch

c č ď dz dž ň ř š ž h ch as in Czech, ľ as in Slovak, ř devoices word-finally

h devoices to [x]

đ = [ð], devoices to [θ]

Stressed a e i o u = [a ɛ ɪ ɔ u]

á é í ó ů = [aː e̞ː iː o̞ː uː]

ej ui ou = [ɛj œɥ ɔw]

l is velarized, r may be an approximant. Both can be syllabic: wlch 'wolf', crn 'grain'.

Auslautverhärtung

Unstressed a = [ɐ] (like Portuguese)

Morphology

Nouns and adjectives

Masculine animate

The dative singular has replaced the regular accusative singular for masculine animate nouns (cf. a in Spanish).

manč "man"

nom. manč, manči
gen. mančez, manču
dat. manče, mančem
acc. manče, mančuz
ins. manču, mančiz

Masculine inanimate

Dialectally, these nouns may merge with neuter nouns: tam, tama

tam "house"

nom. tam, tami
gen. tamez, tamu
dat. tame, tamem
acc. tam, tamuz
ins. tamu, tamiz

Feminine -a

kena "woman"

nom. kena, kenaz
gen. kenaz, kenu
dat. kene, kenam
acc. kenou, kenouz
ins. kenam, kenami

Other feminine

váni (< vađni < potnih2) "lady, Mrs."

nom. váni, vániz
gen. vániz, váňu
dat. váni, vánim
acc. váni, vániz
ins. vánim, vánimi

nacht "night"

nom. nacht, nachtiz
gen. nachtiz, nachťu
dat. nachti, nachtim
acc. nachti, nachtiz
ins. nachtim, nachtmi

Neuter

céđ "child" (<- ģenh1tom, ~ Kind)

nom. céđ, céđa
gen. céđez, céđu
dat. céđe, céđem
acc. céđ, céđa
ins. céđu, céđiz

Adjectives

Indefinite and definite declensions

Verbs

etež "to eat"

ec etem, ji eteđ, ež eteđ, đam etar, jíľud eteđ, í eteđ

(Polite pronoun?)

negative ne

buiž 'to be'

ec em, ji eđ, ež es, đam ér, jiľud eđ, í zouđ

Negative ec nem, ji neđ, ež nes, đam nér, jiľud neđ, í nezouđ

Reflexive verbs

ouchiž ze "to learn"

ec ouchim ze, ji ouchiđ ze, ež ouchiđ ze, đam ouchir ze, jiľud ouchiđ ze, í ouchiđ ze

Numerals

ejn, tů, đrí, cheđur, véch, zest, zevouđ, astuđ, ňouđ, tezou

ejnľez, twejľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, véľez, zesľez, zevaľez, astľez, ňouľez, twejcouđi

đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vécouđi, zescouđi, zevacouđi, ascouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos)

đouzuđ

ejn "1" declines as follows:

nom. ejn, ejna, ejn

tů "2" declines as follows:

nom. tů, twí, twej
gen. tweju
dat. twím
acc. tů, twí, twej
ins. twími

đrí "3" declines as follows:

nom. đrí
gen. đríu
dat. đrím
acc. đrí
ins. đrími

Syntax

German-like?

Swadesh list

I: ec
thou: ji
he/she/it: ež/já/it
we: đam (originally a dummy word used with the impersonal, from đám "there")
ye: jíľud
they: í/jáz/đá
this: siđe
that: đađe
here: sím
there: đám

Texts

Schleicher's fable

Ra oucha um ri dzrki

Oucha, čá wlnou ne [had], [saw] dzrkuz

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Riphean/Music]]
+[[Riphean/Lexicon]]
+'''Riphean''' (''rivška'') is an Indo-European language of [[Verse:Tdūrzů|Tdūrzů]], spoken in our Poland, Prussia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is inspired by Czech and Dutch and contains vocabulary we think of as Balto-Slavic and non-English Germanic.
-'''Riphean''' is a para-Balto-Slavic language of [[Verse:Ed Dynje|Ed Dynje]], spoken in our Poland, Prussia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is inspired by Czech and Dutch.
 == TODO ==
-* ''dzas'' 'gas' (from g'hh2sos, cognate to ''chaos'')
+Split-ergative past tense using a -n- passive participle?
 === UDHR ===
-''Wiži dzíni kiman waleni um lejki zwem chejn um zwame đejžem.''
+''Wiži dzíni kimeđ walni im lejki in zwem chejn im zwame đejžam.''
-/ˈʋɪ{{ž}}ɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪman ˈʋaleɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamɛ ˈðɛjʒɛm/
+/ˈʋɪ{{ž}}ɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪməθ ˈʋalɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ ɪn zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamə ˈðɛjʒɐm/
-(um ~ Latin ambō)
+(im ~ Latin ambō)
 hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė
 == Phonology ==
-Riphean has consistent initial stress and a prosody similar to Czech.
+Riphean has consistent initial stress.
+Voiceless stops are not aspirated
+w and v as in Dutch
+c č ď dz dž ň ř š ž h ch as in Czech, ľ as in Slovak, ř devoices word-finally
+h devoices to [x]
+''đ'' = [ð], devoices to [θ]
+Stressed ''a e i o u'' = [a ɛ ɪ ɔ u]
+''á é í ó ů'' = [a{{long}} e{{lowered}}{{long}} i{{long}} o{{lowered}}{{long}} u{{long}}]
+''ej ui ou'' = [ɛj œɥ ɔw]
+''l'' is velarized, ''r'' may be an approximant. Both can be syllabic: ''wlch'' 'wolf', ''crn'' 'grain'.
+Auslautverhärtung
+Unstressed a = [ɐ] (like Portuguese)
 == Morphology ==
 === Nouns and adjectives ===
-<poem>
+==== Masculine animate ====
-'the happy person'
+The dative singular has replaced the regular accusative singular for masculine animate nouns (cf. ''a'' in Spanish).
-nom. zachistľuwe dzín, zachistľuwi dzíni
-acc. zachistľuwou dzín, zachistľuwej dzíni
+manč "man"
-gen. zachistľuwez dzínez, zachistľuwiž dzíni
+* nom. manč, manči
-dat. zachistľuwem dzín, zachistľuwame dzínem
+* gen. mančez, manču
-</poem>
+* dat. manče, mančem
+* acc. manče, mančuz
+* ins. manču, mančiz
+==== Masculine inanimate ====
+Dialectally, these nouns may merge with neuter nouns: ''tam, tama''
+''tam'' "house"
+* nom. tam, tami
+* gen. tamez, tamu
+* dat. tame, tamem
+* acc. tam, tamuz
+* ins. tamu, tamiz
+==== Feminine -a ====
+kena "woman"
+* nom. kena, kenaz
+* gen. kenaz, kenu
+* dat. kene, kenam
+* acc. kenou, kenouz
+* ins. kenam, kenami
+==== Other feminine ====
+váni (< vađni < potnih2) "lady, Mrs."
+* nom. váni, vániz
+* gen. vániz, váňu
+* dat. váni, vánim
+* acc. váni, vániz
+* ins. vánim, vánimi
+nacht "night"
+* nom. nacht, nachtiz
+* gen. nachtiz, nachťu
+* dat. nachti, nachtim
+* acc. nachti, nachtiz
+* ins. nachtim, nachtmi
+==== Neuter ====
+céđ "child" (<- ģenh1tom, ~ Kind)
+* nom. céđ, céđa
+* gen. céđez, céđu
+* dat. céđe, céđem
+* acc. céđ, céđa
+* ins. céđu, céđiz
+==== Adjectives ====
+Indefinite and definite declensions
+=== Verbs ===
+etež "to eat"
+ec etem, ji eteđ, ež eteđ, đam etar, jíľud eteđ, í eteđ
+(Polite pronoun?)
+negative ne
+==== ''buiž'' 'to be' ====
+ec em, ji eđ, ež es, đam ér, jiľud eđ, í zouđ
+Negative ec nem, ji neđ, ež nes, đam nér, jiľud neđ, í nezouđ
+==== Reflexive verbs ====
+ouchiž ze "to learn"
+ec ouchim ze, ji ouchiđ ze, ež ouchiđ ze, đam ouchir ze, jiľud ouchiđ ze, í ouchiđ ze
 === Numerals ===
-ejn, twá, đrí, cheđur, víg, zešt, zevouđ, estuđ, ňouđ, tezou
+ejn, tů, đrí, cheđur, véch, zest, zevouđ, astuđ, ňouđ, tezou
-ejnľez, twáľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, víľez, zešľez, zevaľez, estľez, ňouľez, twácouđi
+ejnľez, twejľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, véľez, zesľez, zevaľez, astľez, ňouľez, twejcouđi
+đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vécouđi, zescouđi, zevacouđi, ascouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos)
+đouzuđ
+ejn "1" declines as follows:
+* nom. ejn, ejna, ejn
+tů "2" declines as follows:
+* nom. tů, twí, twej
+* gen. tweju
+* dat. twím
+* acc. tů, twí, twej
+* ins. twími
+đrí "3" declines as follows:
+* nom. đrí
+* gen. đríu
+* dat. đrím
+* acc. đrí
+* ins. đrími
+== Syntax ==
+German-like?
-đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vícouđi, zešcouđi, zevacouđi, escouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos)
 == Swadesh list ==
 <poem>
 I: ec
-thou: đu
+thou: ji
-he: iž
+he/she/it: ež/já/it
-we: muž
+we: đam (originally a dummy word used with the impersonal, from đám "there")
-ye: juž
+ye: jíľud
-they:
+they: í/jáz/đá
 this: siđe
 that: đađe
-here: sur
+here: sím
-there: đur
+there: đám
 </poem>
+== Texts ==
+=== Schleicher's fable ===
+Ra oucha um ri dzrki
+Oucha, čá wlnou ne [had], [saw] dzrkuz