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| <poem>Seiber Zäufstohr des Neibchen pim der Kohrstänge | | == Burmese roms == |
| Smiley like
| | === v0 === |
| | <poem> |
| | Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê |
| | ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe |
| | [tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ] |
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| what does that mean in Wiob?
| | Độ pȷê, độ mȷê |
| seib and neib should be words
| | tui. prany, tui. mre |
| or neif
| | [do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ] |
| seib: snow
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| Neif SHOULD NOT mean cloud
| | Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ |
| neif - plaque
| | mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo. |
| seip, neib in Wä.
| | [mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ] |
| or Seibe > Seippe
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| seippe looks finnishy
| | Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê |
| | hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany |
| | [kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ] |
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| maybe Wätzmer can be finnishy?
| | Độ pȷê, độ mȷê |
| | tui. prany tui. mre |
| | [do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ] |
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| vätsmär
| | Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê |
| w/ consonant gradation perhaps
| | prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce |
| | [pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè] |
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| <tsm> is more estonianish however
| | Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê |
| | a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le |
| | [ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ] |
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| estonian tends to syncope
| | Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê |
| the native name is Wäßßma
| | kambha ma. kye, mranma prany |
| | [ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ] |
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| vätsma
| | Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê |
| | tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe |
| | [do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ] |
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| looks like an Estonian word
| | Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê |
| der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!
| | prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le |
| | [pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ] |
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| Kypyyseltä välmeseltyksemistä tavaallon tyyhytyöksä.
| | Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê |
| Was und wemm war des Gemminges?
| | da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre |
| Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
| | [dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ] |
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| Kemminget ovat kyttämmäydän huoppenusta.
| | Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê |
| | tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe |
| | [do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ] |
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| kas siibris on õimisääksud vuudel riiskunäiglises?
| | Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê |
| Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
| | htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre |
| | [tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ] |
| | </poem> |
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| Smiley smile
| | === v1 === |
| | <poem> |
| | Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe |
| | Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe |
| | Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ |
| | Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe |
| | Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe |
| | Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse |
| | Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le |
| | Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe |
| | Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be |
| | Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe |
| | Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be |
| | Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle |
| | Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe |
| | Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe |
| | Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe |
| | </poem> |
| | === v2 === |
| | <poem> |
| | Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe |
| | Dŏ pje, dŏ mje |
| | Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ |
| | Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe |
| | Dŏ pje, dŏ mje |
| | Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse |
| | Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le |
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| gibberish is fun!
| | Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje |
| Zwümmel und Zwäffer!
| | Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be |
| | Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje |
| | Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be |
| | Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle |
| | Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje |
| | Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe |
| | Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje |
| | </poem> |
| | === v3 === |
| | Deliberately English/German-like |
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| jah, kindlasti, tsvümmelist ja tsvähverist põiruksid määdesti külimadelt!
| | Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops |
| Der Miedramm hat die Konstingation in die Jaltengrohm eingesporchen.
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| der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
| | Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi |
| Und dauchte die Miegung.
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| Und Schmacht. Und Teichlacht. Und Teiceacht.
| | <poem> |
| Und jusche die mortächtlein
| | Rimes: |
| Smiley frown
| | ị i ī ịn in īn it |
| | ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate |
| | ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite |
| | ạ a ā ạn an ān at et |
| | ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out |
| | ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote |
| | ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot |
| | </poem> |
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| Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
| | <poem> |
| Ei weh und ojeh
| | <sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye |
| i don't know if that' s real german
| | dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be |
| | </poem> |
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| egg pain and ojeh
| | == World's worst romanization for Vietnamese == |
| Knau und Schmau
| | === Initials === |
| An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
| | <poem> |
| Ei is also an old fashioned exclamation
| | ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng |
| | n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu |
| | f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh |
| | ſ p{{lrb}} = x s |
| | ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g |
| | λ p = l r |
| | </poem> |
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| Na łbacach na świecznych do włórwych.
| | The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền. |
| as in "ei Großmutter, was hast du für große Ohren"
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| deshchervennya lakitsa
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| Nie! Jest neirmych na strówniech, ha shadoch ve mildavoch.
| | === Nuclei === |
| Waski i mrzetny po dzieciół
| | * u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o |
| | * η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô |
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| Mi voloch ha shamach, agus táimeach und türmach.
| | === Finals === |
| eyn shechen
| | * ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng |
| mayn kullishke un di mipfnle
| | * n ɟ y q = p t ch c |
| | * ι υ = /-j -w/ |
| | === Tones === |
| | tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga |
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| oy vey!
| | ==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē== |
| | <poem> |
| | 1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum. |
| | 1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum. |
| | 1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est. |
| | 1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium. |
| | </poem> |
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| Oy mishchal ist ein midavoth und ein tedirgim.
| | ==Semantic drifts== |
| und ich shterre di shracht und oych die oymerchen.
| | ===Truth=== |
| ja, eyn mitzle un eyn tertzoym ham di porses geshnoyllen
| | *true/proof > guilt |
| | *to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true |
| | *true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win |
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| Ein mitzle? Lo! Ein Mitzle!
| | ==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic== |
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| (one mitzle? No! Not one mitzle!)
| | ==Bylȳn== |
| Smiley smile
| | [[Main_Page/Themsarian]] |
| und die maspeles-muvtzech ham alle die prettung
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| making up fake hebraeo-yiddish as I go
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| und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
| | put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate |
| na chloszczi isz martechim!
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| lo ha jaddur!
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| i like "Ein mitzle? Lo! Ein Mitzle!" | | phonology: |
| inna al marjaab wa-l tasfiis!
| | */m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}} |
| | */a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}} |
| | **Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a |
| | *pitch accent |
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| al-qaaḥut almushaḍḍazar?
| | ==Trician doublets== |
| Laaaaaaaa!
| | *Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments |
| Kam tamtik anta wa talawwid!
| | *Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun) |
| *throws table* | |
| mattaku, hachigeru makimatte no watadehakaru no!
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| Ana taflīqan mukhayyadun wa shaaribun aqqarāmatun. Wa ḥalaafliṭan wa sífeann i bhfáigeanna agus mo táilibh. Wa khiirat agus takatemo donna kawemiʕazu no tawatte mo bhfakemasu.
| | ==Silly language family trees== |
| addaqamaatio
| | *Trigonic languages |
| al-marjimaatio et desinqaatio
| | **Sinitic |
| | ***Mandarin |
| | ***Cantonese |
| | ****Schwyzerdütsch |
| | ***Sinaitic |
| | ****Phoenician |
| | *****Greek |
| | ******Inuktitut |
| | **Coshitic |
| | ***Vietnamese |
| | ****Sinh |
| | ****Tanh |
| | ****Sech |
| | ***Hyperbolgarian |
| | ***Beta |
| | ***Proto-Afro-Asiatic |
| | **Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic) |
| | ***Hessian German |
| | ***Turingian German |
| | ****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'') |
| | ****Lambda calculus |
| | ****Mathematica |
| | ****C++ |
| | *****Sanskrit |
| | **Triforcian languages |
| | ***Hylian |
| | ****Tritriforcian languages |
| | *****Tritritriforcian languages |
| | ******... |
| | *******Sierpińskian |
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| *japanese ire over arab dominance intensifies*
| | ==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish== |
| emathiemon!
| | Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift): |
| ho makalos emaphiston kai phegmarrestai!
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| Makarebhyam madhiśrāmi vṛṇyāni tam bharevyaham
| | Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): |
| kekhammerentai gar he bore en o maksino
| | /p/ > /f/ <''f''> |
| | /t/ > /s/ <''ß''> |
| | /c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''> |
| | /k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''> |
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| Tūryam te carkate bāhuḥ manobhidram tamāṅkṣyasi
| | Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) |
| | /p/ > /pf/ <''pf''> |
| | /t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''> |
| | /c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch> |
| | /k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch> |
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| Kṣairyam dhāryam mahantrebhir maho dhvāntam pradeśyatha
| | Phase 3 |
| Veak smae leang kngaat!
| | /b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''> |
| | /d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''> |
| | /ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''> |
| | /g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''> |
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| Mahataḥ sarvamṛkṣyeṣu pheṇya te śuryatām bhavet
| | Other changes: |
| makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
| | /θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''> |
| bhonom ebhrtyois ma ghrtyoysom
| | /f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel) |
| | /sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ |
| | Auslautverhärtung |
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| Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
| | ==Paucal of humility== |
| Kmei Weat nour Seir Mott
| | There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning. |
| | ==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar== |
| | Txapoalli? Naquic? |
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| Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen śvetyadhārṇena vīkṣyate
| | ==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)== |
| | A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko? |
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| is that Wiob or Trây gibberish?
| | Cedilla and double vowel mania |
| Smaek teat mairiuil na schwecker
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| trây/Khmer
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| Na mhfeargamh fiom galleabh ta bhaltuine
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| Schweif - tail in German
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| sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
| | Mix in a little Dutch? |
| Má leichteoir mí ngarreann h-Aoidhinneachtóir
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| fake netagin or fake irish?
| | ==IE conlang ideas== |
| Geamhalann na bprúchaí i mhfárdhúla agus i bpódha
| | *'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES) |
| | *"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german) |
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| that's netagin!
| | =="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs== |
| | *Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin! |
| | *sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen! |
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| nope it's irish
| | ==Some old gibs== |
| just using <mhf> on purpose
| | Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. |
| | Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen |
| | der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! |
| | der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. |
| | (irish gib is also easy to adapt) |
| | Und dauchte die Miegung. |
| | Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. |
| | An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? |
| | und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach |
| | makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí |
| | Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen |
| | Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim |
| | sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha |
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| wtf?
| | Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine |
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| dalarong sangsawit ngrampa memanterjenegan prapat
| | Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst. |
| Múr habe ich geschngötteachtart?
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| barukantar pepanggaltun maring salwasatar panam
| | die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. |
| weataveasaat di miireanaakuuh
| | Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. |
| dunno what i'm doing here
| | Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! |
| | Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. |
| | Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν. |
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| dāng de hēishú le chāngshuár xūn píngzài chū qián de qiébuqié
| | Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael |
| langsakat maa thao weun tai fai miin!
| |
| saanikotaar miteeasaLaNTar metaRRasammaL
| |
|
| |
|
| Klingon?!
| | Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang |
| Tamil, Wich taRRu me deachtar
| |
|
| |
|
| vaghbe' Da fat pIgh SuD ghet awt!
| | ==Scope of negation== |
| | different negative markers for scope |
|
| |
|
| 'the fat pig should get out'
| | ==Llanfair...gogogoch gib== |
| PirakanninaL keTareNappayiyum geretayyaRRankal
| | Reduplication (goch > gogogoch) |
|
| |
|
| kiNTaar cirutayil paaravaik kaaNil paNTaar tavaraiyum chuuzham
| | ==Fyxámian national anthem== |
| caleNakettaraTTiyaiyuul naNNar veetavaakaneetarmutayaikurum
| | ===Eevo=== |
| | ===English translation=== |
| | ====Verse 1==== |
| | <poem> |
| | [...] |
| | [...] |
| | ''From antipode to antipode'' |
| | ''Men of thy deeds do sing.'' |
| | </poem> |
| | ====Refrain==== |
|
| |
|
| vaLapperum toolaikku maaRRamait tanakku
| | ==Book and paper titles in Eevo== |
| kaLippuRam taaviNaic ceRRal
| | *(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'') |
| cevamaNezharal metiNNeeturekaR kakkettuyi neekatayikum
| | *(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'') |
| I don't know if I really sound Tamil
| | *''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259) |
| especailly with all the missing liquids
| | *''Regular Temperaments'' |
| Letavaceemooyitum!!
| |
|
| |
|
| maNarcciyil takuminpa taazhvartam karattil vaNalaaka puRRamaitthuc caal
| | ==Primitive Seargais== |
|
| |
|
| kiTTamait terittamin vaLivaNNa maRRayail
| | <poem> |
| muTTalak kaNattiyam taaLpar
| | long vowels: |
| | a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from |
| | broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai |
| | slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío |
|
| |
|
| Tamil is really easy to fake
| | éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere |
| | ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere |
|
| |
|
| wattanachot prangkhun thaweephan khwaanprapong chattana prathaangkhot thongphun
| | short vowels: |
| | a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ |
|
| |
|
| Initial <g> is not very Tamil
| | changes from proto seargais to seargais |
| | high vowels move one POA |
| | (u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put) |
| | there's the merger |
| | now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a |
| | a e i o u æ ø y -> |
| | o e i u y a ø i |
| | e -> ə |
| | which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o |
| | so i get |
| | a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay -> |
| | o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay -> |
| | u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _ |
| | ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ |
| | u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!) |
| | breathy voice ablaut patterns: |
| | e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai |
| | o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au |
| | ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ |
| | chaotic! |
|
| |
|
| that's a great party trick
| | a/ua -> u/o |
| | ä/ia -> ua/e |
|
| |
|
| know the words for hello in may languages and then start gibbing away
| | spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/ |
|
| |
|
| Sawatdee! Khun prongchawaan thaeng sat paan thung khramaat laew waenphon!
| | short a -> y |
| | short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both) |
| | </poem> |
| | ===Seargais superstrate=== |
| | <poem> |
| | same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS |
| | a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü -> |
| | o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a |
| | compare |
| | u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ |
| | these are heard by seargais speakers as |
| | o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a |
| | </poem> |
| | ===Seargais consonants=== |
| | <poem> |
| | p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad) |
| | f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender) |
|
| |
|
| Hola! De treños cazón que ballerebádelos danjos de la huachongas!
| | Urú'ed: |
| | m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad) |
| | m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender) |
| | the combined set of phonemes: |
| | p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q |
| | f θ s ɬ ʃ χ |
| | pf ts tɬ tʃ |
| | m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl |
| | j w ʟ r |
| | h is missing |
| | broad sm and sn can become h |
| | urúing to tʰ |
| | actually it should stay as θm and θn |
| | θm -> voiceless m -> h also works |
| | it doesn't impact the morphology |
|
| |
|
| As an ancient Indian sage once said, "Pṛthībhir uktyām patiśeṣya vāram", which means "Life is bullshit"
| | </poem> |
| | |
| i love the look of sanskrit
| |
| | |
| i have to create vruszka
| |
|
| |
|
| by the way that last one:
| | ==Huichaltzah's alien language== |
| cevamaNezharal metiNNeeturekaR kakkettuyi neekatayikum
| | p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ |
| sounded more like Malayalam
| | s ɬ x h |
| | m n ŋ |
| | l ʟ w j |
| | a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels) |
|
| |
|
| do you plan to have any languages with a dravidian esthetic?
| | Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases |
|
| |
|
| the retroflex mania language is essentially a parody of dravidian
| | ==Bändli== |
| | Zulu pseudo-gib |
|
| |
|
| ʈɳopɭaɖa ɭaaɭaɳ = hello everybody
| | ===Initials=== |
|
| |
|
| in my conworld Mategian grammar is very close to Dravidian
| | schm, m > m, mh |
|
| |
|
| q’ù tǎr ùk fˁǎt qʷˁ’ǒn χá sàw ŋúk qˁér
| | schn, n > n, nh |
|
| |
|
| fake crockartoot
| | schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh |
|
| |
|
| Dyszły ŋąłydhmen fęchułszcz łyv hłórneth.
| | sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b |
|
| |
|
| fake nail polish
| | st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d |
|
| |
|
| what do you think?
| | ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq |
|
| |
|
| maybe a malayalam-style Azzanic language?
| | k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g |
|
| |
|
| you already have ṭ and ḍ
| | r > hh |
|
| |
|
| you can deveop other retroflexes
| | f, w > f, v |
|
| |
|
| my favorite is "Und Schmacht. Und Teichlacht. Und Teiceacht."
| | fl, kl, schl > hl |
|
| |
|
| (of the gibberish sentences we constructed)
| | bl, gl > dl |
|
| |
|
| Schmacht looks extremely German (i think it even means something - slow?)
| | pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/ |
| Teichlacht is also German but we can see a little Irish creeping up
| |
| Teiceacht is extremely Irish
| |
| Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst!
| |
| Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.
| |
|
| |
|
| wiob intensifies
| | br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/ |
| Anlenig mallerst du in befüderten Ginderungen, und dann wirst du nach kraubigen Hälnern mackeln, um ninnige Stupfinger Retzungen schmauer aufzustähren und zu verzeimen.
| |
| Schleitere Hachtshagerungen beschimmst du in meiner Wängelstrauge an. Beiche dir gut! Ich zauge deine Wirche!
| |
| M
| |
| Mögest du eine schnaub hankierte Räuferei haben!
| |
| (Schmacht: hunger, yearning)
| |
| And there is a labeled diagram with the labels:
| |
| (Die Zammergeschaltung
| |
| Die Bekeuderung
| |
| Die Aufgräumer
| |
| das Gemätz
| |
| die Wegeln
| |
| die Zuschwiedsschreisterkräubchen
| |
|
| |
|
| voynich!
| | j > y |
| die Zammergeschnaltung(
| |
| not schaltung
| |
| Stupfinger Retzungen sounds like a German MacGuffin
| |
| Eh, was betarrst du? ist das schmüßig für dich?
| |
| Academic German gibberish
| |
| die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte.
| |
| Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
| |
| Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
| |
| Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
| |
| Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.
| |
| fake ancient Greek (with reduplication too)
| |
| (i don't have a polytonic keyboard here)
| |
|
| |
|
| the fake tamil was the best
| | schw > f |
| η αρρώμη και η ψώρα ετεμψαν.
| |
| έτεμψαν
| |
| αμινίζω γαρ σημιλώς γοννάρης
| |
|
| |
|
| I aminize as the symil has been gonnared!
| | z, s, sch > s, z, sh |
| Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine.</poem>
| |
| ==Clofabinylin==
| |
| <poem>
| |
| Methavir nalaminyl mekerylide ester axoram. (I speak about love and hate.)
| |
| Etholin methogen klerax? (Are you saving it for me?)
| |
| Methazopropevir nalam, elir propyl zafaramine yzodam. (We love him, therefore we celebrate his inauguration.)
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| -az(o)- (plural; also the pluractional clitic)
| |
| -in, -0 (nominative)
| |
| -ine (accusative)
| |
| -yl (genitive, attributive, rel clause)
| |
| -(e)tam (dative)
| |
| -ox (instrumental)
| |
| -one (comitative)
| |
| -ane (essive)
| |
| -anol (separative)
| |
| -anal (lative)
| |
| -ene (inessive)
| |
| -enol (elative)
| |
| -enal (illative)
| |
| -yne (adessive)
| |
| -ynol (ablative)
| |
| -ynal (allative)
| |
| -ide (and/also, like Latin -que)
| |
| -ogen (benefactive)
| |
| -yl ester (about)
| |
| -oic (causative)
| |
| -ile (terminative)
| |
| | |
| Methavir nalam - I love.
| |
| Methavir nalax - Do I love?
| |
| Methavir nalane - Yes, I do love.
| |
| Methavir nalem - I do not love.
| |
| Methavir nalex - Do I not love?
| |
| Methavir nalene - No, I do not love.
| |
| | |
| Nala! - Love!
| |
| Nale! - Do not love!
| |
| | |
| nalevam - be loved
| |
| nalexam - make sb/sth love
| |
| </poem>
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Neckthai==
| | ent- > prenasalization |
| ===Capital===
| |
| <poem>
| |
| ''ritte muse kleime Spiuger,''
| |
| ''... Brackes ... nir,''
| |
| ''... Wiuger,''
| |
| ''... nie Vîer.''
| |
| </poem>
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Wetzmerian== | | ===Consonants=== |
| ===Nouns===
| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style=" text-align: center;" | |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Wande'' (f.) - body
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | |
| ! style="width: 150px;" | Singular | | ! rowspan="2" | Labial |
| ! style="width: 150px;" | Plural | | ! colspan="2" | Alveolar |
| | ! rowspan="2" | Palatal |
| | ! rowspan="2" | Velar |
| | ! rowspan="2" | Glottal |
| |- | | |- |
| ! Nominative | | ! central |
| | ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
| | ! lateral |
| |- | | |- |
| ! Accusative | | ! rowspan="4" | Click |
| | ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
| | ! plain |
| |-
| | | |
| ! Genitive
| |
| | ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Dative
| |
| | ''Wands'' || ''Wandans''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Predicative
| |
| | ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ==Proto-Wiobic==
| |
| ===Nouns===
| |
| ====Masculine====
| |
| ====Feminine====
| |
| ====a-stems====
| |
| ====i-stems====
| |
| ====u-stems====
| |
| ====∅-stems====
| |
| | |
| ===Verbs===
| |
| ====Thematic====
| |
| ====Athematic====
| |
| ===Adjectives===
| |
| | |
| ==Future Korean==
| |
| ===Transliteration===
| |
| <poem>
| |
| ㄱ '''k''' ㄲ '''kk''' ㅋ '''kh''' -ㅇ '''ŋ'''
| |
| ㄷ '''t''' ㄸ '''tt''' ㅌ '''th''' ㄴ '''n'''
| |
| ㅂ '''p''' ㅃ '''pp''' ㅍ '''ph''' ㅁ '''m'''
| |
| ㅈ '''ty''' ㅉ '''tty''' ㅊ '''thy''' ㅅ '''s''' ㅆ '''ss'''
| |
| ㄹ '''r''' ㅎ '''h'''
| |
| | |
| ㅏ '''a''' ㅐ '''ä''' ㅑ '''ja''' ㅒ '''jä''' ㅘ '''oa'''
| |
| ㅓ '''e''' ㅔ '''ë''' ㅝ '''we''' etc.
| |
| ㅗ '''o''' ㅚ '''ö''' ㅛ '''jo'''
| |
| ㅜ '''w''' ㅟ '''wi''' ㅠ '''jw'''
| |
| ㅡ '''u''' ㅣ '''i''' ㅢ '''ui'''
| |
| </poem>
| |
| | |
| ===Sound changes===
| |
| */sʰ/ > /h̰/ / #_, /s/ C_
| |
| */s͈/ > /s/
| |
| */pʰ tʰ tɕʰ kʰ/ > /f θ ʃ x/
| |
| */h/ > ∅
| |
| | |
| ==Wiobian vowel changes==
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| ! | |
| ! Late Classical Wiobian
| |
| ! Early Middle Wiobian
| |
| ! Late Middle Wiobian
| |
| ! Modern Standard Wiobian
| |
| |- | |
| ! short ''i''
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | {{IPA|ǃ}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | ! aspirated |
| | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | {{IPA|ǃʰ}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''i'' | | ! nasalised |
| | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | {{IPA|ᵑǃ}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | ! breathy nasalised |
| | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''ü'' | | ! rowspan="2" | Nasal |
| | | | ! plain |
| | | | | {{IPA|m}} |
| | | {{IPA|n}} |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | ŋ |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''ü'' | | ! breathy |
| | | {{IPA|mʱ}} |
| | | {{IPA|nʱ}} |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | {{IPA|ŋʱ}} |
| | | | | |
| | |- |
| | ! rowspan="4" | Stop |
| | ! voiceless |
| | | {{IPA|p}} |
| | | {{IPA|t}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | | | |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''u'' | | ! aspirated |
| | | | | {{IPA|pʰ}} |
| | | | | {{IPA|tʰ}} |
| | | | | |
| | | |
| | | {{IPA|kʰ}} |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | ! breathy |
| | | {{IPA|b}} |
| | | {{IPA|d}} |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | {{IPA|ɡ}} |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | ! implosive |
| | | {{IPA|ɓ}} |
| | | ɗ |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | ɠ |
| | | |
| | |- |
| | ! rowspan="2" | Fricative |
| | ! voiceless |
| | | {{IPA|f}} |
| | | {{IPA|s}} |
| | | {{IPA|ɬ}} |
| | | {{IPA|ʃ}} |
| | | x |
| | | {{IPA|h}} |
| | |- |
| | ! breathy |
| | | {{IPA|v}} |
| | | {{IPA|z}} |
| | | {{IPA|ɮ}} |
| | | |
| | | ɣ |
| | | {{IPA|ɦ}} |
| | |- |
| | ! rowspan="2" | Approximant |
| | ! plain |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | {{IPA|l}} |
| | | {{IPA|j}} |
| | | | | |
| | | |
| | |} |
| | |
| | ===Vowels=== |
| | i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/ |
| | |
| | ===Tones=== |
| | No tone |
| | |
| | ==Some Clofablang== |
| | *Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ |
| | *Vowel harmony groups: |
| | **high tense: i ʉ |
| | **high lax: ɪ ʊ |
| | **low: æ ʌ |
| | **ə is neutral |
| | |
| | ==Russo-Salish== |
| | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''u'' | | !rowspan="2" colspan="2"| |
| | | | !colspan="2" | Labial |
| | | | !colspan="2" | Alveolar |
| | | | !rowspan="2" | Retroflex |
| | | | !colspan="2" | Velar |
| | !rowspan="2" | Glottal |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''e'' | | ! <small>hard</small> |
| |
| | ! <small>soft</small> |
| |
| | ! <small>hard</small> |
| |
| | ! <small>soft</small> |
| |
| | ! <small>soft</small> |
| | ! <small>hard</small> |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''e'' | | !rowspan="2"| Nasal |
| | | | !<small>glottalized</small> |
| | | | | || |
| | | n̪ʼ || nʲʼ |
| | | | | |
| | | ŋʲʼ |
| | | ŋʼ |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''ö'' | | !<small>plain</small> |
| | | | | m || mʲ |
| | | | | n̪ || nʲ |
| | | | | |
| | | ŋʲ |
| | | ŋ |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''ö'' | | !rowspan="3" | Stop |
| | | | !<small>plain</small> |
| | | | | || |
| | | | | t̪ || tʲ |
| | | | | |
| | | kʲ |
| | | k |
| | | ʔ |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''o'' | | !<small>ejective</small> |
| | | | | || |
| | | | | t̪ʼ || tʲʼ |
| | | | | |
| | | kʲʼ |
| | | kʼ |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''o'' | | !<small>voiced</small> |
| | | b || bʲ |
| | | d̪ || dʲ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| Line 464: |
Line 623: |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''ä'' | | !rowspan="3" | Affricate |
| | | | !<small>plain</small> |
| | | || |
| | | ts || tsʲ |
| | | tʂ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''ä'' | | !<small>ejective</small> |
| | | | | || |
| | | tsʼ || tsʲʼ |
| | | tʂʼ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''a'' | | !<small>voiced</small> |
| | | | | || |
| | | dz || dzʲ |
| | | dʐ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''a'' | | !rowspan="2"|Fricative |
| | | | !<small>voiceless</small> |
| | | | | f || fʲ |
| | | | | s || sʲ |
| | | | | ʂ |
| | | xʲ |
| | | x |
| | | h |
| |- | | |- |
| ! short ''å'' | | !<small>voiced</small> |
| | | | | v || vʲ |
| | | | | z || zʲ |
| | | | | ʐ |
| | | ɣʲ |
| | | ɣ |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! long ''å'' | | !rowspan=2| Approximant |
| | !<small>glottalized</small> |
| | | || |
| | | lˠʼ || lʲʼ |
| | | | | |
| | | jʼ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ==Themsarian/de==
| |
| :''Der korrekte Titel dieses Artikels lautet "Themsarisch".''
| |
|
| |
| Die '''themsarische Sprache''', auch bezeichnet als '''Edles Themsarisch''', ist eine alte talsmische Sprache, die im Andaegṓr-Imperium gebräuchlich war.
| |
|
| |
| ==Netagin/de==<!--
| |
| Die '''Netagin'''-Sprache (Netagin: ''brítz nˀAthághín'' 'Sprechen in unserer Welse') ist eine Sprache, welche sowohl Wurzelkonsonanten als auch Anlautmutationen verwendet. (vgl. Hebräisch.)-->
| |
|
| |
| ==PIE in Hebrew==
| |
| This Hebrew abjadic script is based on the glottalic theory: "voiced" stops are written as Hebrew emphatic consonants, and "breathy voiced" stops are written as voiced stops. Also note that the "palatal" series of stops is transcribed with the Hebrew affricate series (thus showing a coincidental Satem bias).
| |
|
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| !colspan="8"|'''Consonants'''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
| | !<small>plain</small> |
| ! rowspan="2" | [[labial consonant|Labial]]
| | | || |
| ! rowspan="2" | [[coronal consonant|Coronal]]
| | | lˠ || lʲ |
| ! colspan=3| [[dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
| | | |
| ! rowspan="2" | [[Laryngeal theory|Laryngeal]]
| | | j |
| |-
| |
| ! <small>palatal</small>
| |
| ! <small>plain</small> | |
| ! <small>labial</small>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| |
| | {{heb|מ}} *{{PIE|m}}
| |
| | {{heb|נ}} *{{PIE|n}}
| |
| | || || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan=3| [[Stop consonant|Plosive]]
| |
| ! <small>voiceless</small>
| |
| | {{heb|פ}} *{{PIE|p}} | |
| | {{heb|ת}} *{{PIE|t}} | |
| | {{heb|ס}} *{{PIE|ḱ}} | |
| | {{heb|כ}} *{{PIE|k}} | |
| | {{heb|כ׳}} *{{PIE|kʷ}}
| |
| | | | | |
| |-
| |
| ! <small>voiced/ejective?</small>
| |
| | ({{heb|פ׳}} *{{PIE|b}})
| |
| | {{heb|ט}} *{{PIE|d}}
| |
| | {{heb|צ}} *{{PIE|ǵ}}
| |
| | {{heb|ק}} *{{PIE|g}}
| |
| | {{heb|ק׳}} *{{PIE|gʷ}}
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! <small>(breathy) voiced</small>
| |
| | {{heb|ב}} *{{PIE|bʰ}}
| |
| | {{heb|ד}} *{{PIE|dʰ}}
| |
| | {{heb|ז}} *{{PIE|ǵʰ}}
| |
| | {{heb|ג}} *{{PIE|gʰ}}
| |
| | {{heb|ג׳}} *{{PIE|gʷʰ}}
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
| |
| |
| |
| | {{heb|ש}} *{{PIE|s}}
| |
| | || ||
| |
| | {{heb|א}} *Ø<BR/>{{heb|ה}} *{{PIE|h₁}}<BR/>{{heb|ע}} *{{PIE|h₂}}<BR/>{{heb|ע׳}} *{{PIE|h₃}}
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | [[liquid consonant|Liquid]]
| |
| |
| |
| | {{heb|ר}} *{{PIE|r}}<BR/>{{heb|ל}} *{{PIE|l}}
| |
| | || || ||
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" | [[Semivowel]]
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | {{heb|י}} *{{PIE|y}}
| |
| |
| |
| | {{heb|ו}} *{{PIE|w}}
| |
| | | | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:250px; text-align: center;" | | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;" |
| | ! style="width: 90px; "| |
| | ! style="width: 90px; " |Front |
| | ! style="width: 90px; " |Central |
| | ! style="width: 90px; " |Back |
| |- | | |- |
| !colspan="2"|Ablaut grades | | ! style="" |Close |
| | | i |
| | | |
| | | u |
| |- | | |- |
| |{{heb|אֶ}} *{{PIE|e}}||{{heb|אָ}} *{{PIE|o}} | | ! style="" |Mid |
| | | |
| | | ə |
| | | |
| |- | | |- |
| |{{heb|אֵ}} *{{PIE|ē}}||{{heb|אֹ}} *{{PIE|ō}} | | ! style="" |Open |
| |- | | | |
| |colspan="2"|{{heb|אְ}} *Ø | | | a |
| | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| ===Schleicher's fable=== | | ==Salish + Old Chinese== |
| <p align=center>{{heb|<big>עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוׂשךֶ׳</big>}}</p>
| | m n ŋ ŋʷ |
| | mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ |
| | p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ |
| | pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ |
| | b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ |
| | s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) |
| | a e i o u ə |
|
| |
|
| <p align=center><big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big></p>
| | ==CW language sketch== |
| | m n |
| | p t ts k q |
| | b d dz g |
| | s h ʀ |
| | w l r j |
|
| |
|
| <p align=center>{{heb|עָ֫וְיְש, יֶ֫שְמְין עְוְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶאֶ֫הֶשְת, טֶטָרְסֶ הֶ֫סְוָנְש, תָ֫ם, וָ֫זָם קֶ֫׳רְעְוְם וֶ֫זָנְתְם, תָ֫ם, בָ֫רָם מֶ֫צָעְם, תָ֫ם, דְזֶ֫מָנְם עָאְסְ֫ו בֶ֫רָנְתְם. עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוָבָש אֶוֶוְכֶ׳(ת): סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי מָי וְיְטְנְתֶ֫י דְזְמָ֫נְם הֶ֫סְוָנְש עֶ֫זצָנְתְם. הֶ֫סְוׂש הֶוֶוְך׳: סְלְוְדְי, עָוְי! סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי וְיְטְנְתְבָ֫ש: דְזֶ֫מֹ(ן), פָ֫תְיְס, עְוְלְנֶ֫עְם עָ֫וְיָם כְ׳נֶוְתְי שֶ֫בָי גִ֫׳רְמָם וֶ֫שְתְרָם; עֶ֫וְיְבָשךֶ׳ וְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶ֫הֶסְתְי. תָ֫ט סֶסְלְוְוׂ֫ש עָ֫וְיְש עֶ֫צְרָם אֶבְוְקֶ(ת).}}</p>
| | i u |
| | e o |
| | æ a |
|
| |
|
| <p align=center>h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).</p>
| | ==Some auxlang?== |
| | | ===Consonants=== |
| ==Semitic notes== | | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;" |
| | | |+ '''Consonants''' |
| u/i merge: Ge'ez; a/i merge: (kinda) Hebrew; a/u merge: (kinda) Socovíc as of 3/16/2015
| | ! colspan="2" | |
| | | ! |Labial |
| ==Or maybe settle for this==
| | ! |Coronal |
| {{cardo|iómo, ióma, ióme, iomúma, iomíma, iomíma<br/>
| | ! |Palatal |
| léla, léla, léla, leláto, leláte, leláte}}
| | ! |Velar |
| | | ! |Glottal |
| | |
| {{cardo|ásmoro, ásmor; tásmoro, tásmor; tásmori; iásmoro, iásmor; iásmori; násmoro, násmor; tásmoru; iásmoru}}
| |
| | |
| ==North Semlang 2nd try== | |
| *still want conditional a/u merger and nasal Vs
| |
| *i-umlaut
| |
| **a, u > ø / _Ci
| |
| **ā > é / _Ci
| |
| **u > ø / _Ci
| |
| **ū > ý / _Ci
| |
| **aw > ǿ / _Ci
| |
| **ay > í / _Ci
| |
| *need to start from triptotic declension here:
| |
| | |
| ===PNSem===
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;" | |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Nominative
| |
| | ''yawmu'' || ''yawmā(mi)'' || ''yawmū(ma)''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Accusative
| |
| | ''yawma'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Genitive
| |
| | ''yawmi'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Early===
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
| |
| |- | |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Nominative
| |
| | ''jóm'' || ''jómá(mi)'' || ''jómú(m)''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Accusative
| |
| | ''jóm''~''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Genitive
| |
| | ''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ==Judeo-Indo-Aryan==
| |
| A modern Indo-Aryan language spoken by Jews in India.
| |
| | |
| *Use Babylonian Hebrew, not Tiberian Hebrew
| |
| *Differs more from Hindustani than Yiddish does from German
| |
| *Lot of additional palatalization
| |
| | |
| ==Atzòpic==
| |
| {{Infobox language
| |
| |image =
| |
| |imagesize =
| |
| |name = Atzòpic
| |
| |nativename = hìzbut atzòpį
| |
| |pronunciation= [atsəˈpĩ]
| |
| |region =
| |
| |extinct =
| |
| |fam1=Zachydic
| |
| |fam2=Raxo-Talsmic
| |
| |fam3=Ractamic
| |
| |familycolor=zachydic
| |
| |ancestor=Old Atzòpic
| |
| |script= Raxic script
| |
| |iso3=
| |
| |notice=IPA
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ''Neguąsitł Linguifeczix, acthìzbutètł dǫsix uicìx!''
| |
| | |
| Motivated by Raxic C[+ejective]V > Atzòpic C[-ejective]V[+creaky] - Hence the ejectives disappear.
| |
| | |
| /ks/ > /xs/ > /ʃ/
| |
| | |
| Seven cases:
| |
| | |
| *nominative -Ø
| |
| *accusative ''-z''
| |
| *genitive ''-c'' (animate sg.?)/''-z'' (inanimate sg.?)/''-u'' (animate pl.?)
| |
| *dative ''-tł''
| |
| *locative-comitative ''-x''
| |
| *ablative ''-ː~'' (nasalized vowel)
| |
| *instrumental ''-ːl''
| |
| | |
| Vowels change according to historical stress positions as well as historical ejective consonants. The Ractamic stress/vowel system start out similarly to Latin, but develop in very different directions.
| |
| | |
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
| |
| ! colspan="10" | Consonants
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 136px; "| | |
| ! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Labial | |
| ! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Coronal | |
| ! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Palatal | |
| ! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Velar | |
| ! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Uvular | |
| ! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width:68px;" |<small>central</small>
| |
| ! style="width:68px;" |<small>lateral</small>
| |
| ! style="width:68px;" |<small>plain</small>
| |
| ! style="width:68px;" |<small>labialized</small>
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal | | ! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal |
| Line 712: |
Line 741: |
| | '''n''' /n/ | | | '''n''' /n/ |
| | | | | |
| | | | | '''ŋ''' /ŋ/ |
| | <span style="color:gray;">[ŋ]</span>
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" style="" |Plosive | | ! rowspan="2" |Plosive |
| ! |<small>tenuis</small> | | ! |<small>unaspirated</small> |
| | '''p''' /p/ | | | '''b''' /p/ |
| | '''t''' /t/ | | | '''d''' /t/ |
| | | '''j''' /tɕ/ |
| | | '''g''' /k/ |
| | | | | |
| |
| |
| | '''c''' /k/
| |
| | '''qu''' /kʷ/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''h''' /ʔ/
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! |<small>aspirated</small> | | ! |<small>aspirated</small> |
| | '''b''' /pʰ/ | | | '''p''' /pʰ/ |
| | '''d''' /tʰ/ | | | '''t''' /tʰ/ |
| |
| | | '''ch''' /tɕʰ/ |
| |
| | | '''k''' /kʰ/ |
| | '''g''' /kʰ/ | |
| | '''gu''' /kʷʰ/ | |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative | | ! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative |
| | '''f''' /f/ | | | '''f''' /f/ |
| | '''z''' /s~z/ | | | '''s''' /s/ |
| | '''ł''' /ɬ/ | | | '''sh''' /ɕ/ |
| | '''x''' /ʃ/ | | | '''kh''' /x/ |
| | | | | '''h''' /h/ |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |<span style="color:gray;">[ʰ~ɦ]</span>
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="2" style="" |Affricate | | ! colspan="2" |Approximant |
| ! |<small>tenuis</small>
| | | '''w''' /w~v/ |
| |
| | | '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/ |
| | '''tz''' /ts/ | | | '''y''' /j/ |
| | '''tł''' /tɬ/
| |
| | '''tx''' /tʃ/ | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| |- | | |- |
| ! |<small>aspirated</small> | | ! colspan="2" |Trill |
| | | |
| | | '''r''' /r/ |
| | | | | |
| | '''dz''' /tsʰ/
| |
| | '''dł''' /tɬʰ/
| |
| | '''dx''' /tʃʰ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | |} |
| | |
| | ===Vowels=== |
| | |
| | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" |
| | |+ '''Vowels''' |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant | | ! style="width: 60px; "| |
| | | | ! style="width: 60px; " |Front |
| | '''s''' /ɹ/ | | ! style="width: 60px; " |Central |
| | '''l''' /l/ | | ! style="width: 60px; " |Back |
| | '''y''' /j/
| | |- |
| | | | ! style="" |Close |
| | '''u''' /w/ | | | '''i''' /i/ |
| |
| |
| | | | | |
| | | '''u''' /u/ |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Trill | | ! style="" |Mid |
| | | | | '''e''' /e/ |
| | '''r''' /r/ | | | '''ə''' /ø~ə~ɤ/ |
| | | | | '''o''' /o/ |
| | | | |- |
| | | | ! style="" |Open |
| | | | | |
| | | | | '''a''' /a/ |
| | | | | |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|
| ==Tīzian== | | Diphthongs: '''ai ao''' /ai au/ |
| Another Ractamic/Neo-Raxic thing
| | |
| | ===Phonotactics=== |
| | Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position. |
|
| |
|
| ==Music theory terminology== | | ==Σȣομʚ== |
| *blackwood[10] major: ''rāmáth'' 'diurnal'
| |
| *blackwood[10] minor: ''mináth'' 'nocturnal'
| |
| *the different ways of subtly tuning/i.e. well-temperaments are called 'seasons' (that lengthen or shorten the day and night).
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Juttjick Kâmrâ' Waong==
| | Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση. |
| '''I.'''
| |
|
| |
|
| ''Juttjick Kâmrâ' Waong,''<br/>
| | ==Qe!== |
| ''Ngüe Quur fâm'oy Plaong;''<br/>
| | Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy. |
| ''Zott Mâmzäk prâbeis''<br/>
| |
| ''Loch lea Dâmgnenn Zweis!''<br/>
| |
| ''Wnirr Jâmtâmlech ngou,''<br/>
| |
| ''Feytaön zitt zâ Smou''<br/>
| |
| ''Möt målei Jimkbael,''<br/>
| |
| ''Seüruz daodue hael''<br/>
| |
|
| |
|
| | ==Pristac Guanorliviroc== |
|
| |
|
| <poem> | | <poem> |
| An ever-present companion,
| | Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock, |
| S/he sought us out in our distress,
| | bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc, |
| | с куздом твачу зблодащок, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| | |
| | Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok, |
| | ṇentronné veux mains du roque, |
| | geuteureun madeul ryeonmok, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| | |
| | Iūcullātur plexē hoc, |
| | Takzitxerri ezbantzok, |
| | Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| | |
| | Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc, |
| | Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc, |
| | tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| | |
| | Raamaanujanniaviusuq- |
| | qanngutsijałłaumiartuq, |
| | Post hoc ergo propter hoc, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| | |
| | Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok, |
| | Satthayaarongsamphonnok, |
| | Pikna la-magtef litzmok, |
| | pristac guanorliviroc! |
| </poem> | | </poem> |
|
| |
|
| ==Talsmic== | | ==Finno-Arabic== |
| ===Themsarian===
| | /t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/ |
| In Themsarian the topic is NOT prominent - the topic comes immediately after the verb most of the time?
| |
|
| |
|
| ===Old Vernacular Talsmic=== | | ==Irish with pharyngealized consonants== |
| Old Vernacular Talsmic dialects are largely similar to Noble Themsarian, but there are grammatical, lexical and stylistic differences:
| |
| *Using the subject-infinitive more and more, eventually to express various aspectual and modal meanings.
| |
| **The synthetic preterite falls into disuse, being supplanted by the "after {{sc|infinitive-subject}}" construction.
| |
| *Collapses all state distinctions in adjectives (into the former predicative form)
| |
| *The dual is often not used, except for emphasis or stylistic reasons.
| |
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
| Given topic prominence and topicalization = fronting, new (discourse-new) subject is fronted, since it is new topic. Then this becomes a topic prominent/V2 language as in vernacular Talsmic. Relative clauses are by default VSO but can undergo fronting for focus. Discourse-new object is fronted as well.
| | /a/: a ea ae eae |
| | /e/: oeu eu oe e |
| | /i/: ai ia aia i |
| | /o/: o uo uea ue |
| | /u/: aua ua au u |
|
| |
|
| ===Qelorian=== | | ==Uncanny valley Korean== |
| *The subject of a relative clause is indexed by adding a pronominal suffix on the head (if they are different)
| | Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/ |
|
| |
|
| ===Núrian===
| | Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice. |
| "Double Irish" aesthetic? Namely, fricatives 'h' + aspiration written with 'h'. The same could be accomplished with slenderness with...?
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Diachronics lab==
| | Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/ |
| Pluractionality ≈ antipassive
| |
|
| |
|
| we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
| | ==Proto-Eomujic== |
| | *ä, a, e, o |
| | *eu, i <- syllabic resonants |
|
| |
|
| Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man
| | *p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g |
| | *s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’ |
| | *m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h |
| | ==Gleb phonologies== |
| | ===SEA-esque=== |
| | m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ |
| | mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ |
| | pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k |
| | ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h |
| | l̻ j w |
|
| |
|
| Classifiers are in construct state
| | i iː ɨ ɨː u uː |
| | e eː ɘ ɘː o oː |
| | ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː |
| | a aː |
| | ===Indic-esque=== |
| | m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ |
| | pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ |
| | f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h |
| | r ɽ j |
| | i u |
| | ɪ ʊ |
| | ɑ |
|
| |
|
| this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
| |
|
| |
|
| apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
| | (C1)V(C2) |
|
| |
|
| PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
| | C1: a consonant |
|
| |
|
| CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN
| | V: a vowel |
|
| |
|
| evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis verb
| | C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/ |
|
| |
|
| feminine > abstract > honorific
| | ===Pseudo-Polynesian=== |
|
| |
|
| ==Dili==
| | m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a |
| '''Dili''' ('''diḷi khokši''') is a Bonzic language using sizable clitic complexes.
| |
|
| |
|
| *Relative clauses occur before the noun. There is no marking save the order.
| | (C)V |
|
| |
|
| ==Witcanese==
| | C: a consonant |
| Wetcanese is a mainly agglutinative, head-final language.
| |
|
| |
|
| :''Kòtih wanaih kèpwanchè.'' | | V: a vowel |
| ::<small>1SG.GEN-ERG mother-ERG 1SG.ABS-hate-WIT</small>
| |
| ::My mother used to hate me.
| |
| ===Phonology===
| |
| Wetcanese has a simple syllable structure relative to most European languages. Permissible syllable shapes are V, CV, VC, CVC, CGV, and CGVC where G is a glide.
| |
|
| |
|
| ===Grammar===
| | Gleb seed 1516956979 |
| ====Nouns====
| | |
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
| | ===Liquidless pseudo-French=== |
| |-
| | m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã |
| ! colspan="5"| '''Noun Declension'''
| | |
| |-
| | (C1)V(C2) |
| !scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
| | |
| !colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
| | C1: a consonant |
| !colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
| | |
| |-
| | V: a vowel |
| !scope="row"|Absolutive
| | |
| |colspan="2"|''-0''
| | C2: a consonant |
| |colspan="2"|''-w'', ''-u''
| | |
| |-
| | Gleb seed 1601724777 |
| !scope="row"|Ergative
| | |
| |colspan="2"|''-ih''
| | ===A nice one=== |
| |colspan="2"|''-wih''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Dative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-af''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-waf''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Locative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-him''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-uhim'', ''-whim''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Ablative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-chay''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-uchay'', ''-wchay''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Comitative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-yã''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-uyã'', ''-wyã''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Instrumental
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-run''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-urun'', ''-wrun''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Essive
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-hòg''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-uhòg'', ''-whòg''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Genitive
| |
| |colspan="4"|''-t-'' (see Genitive declension)
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ====Adjectives and Genitives====
| | m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː |
| Adjectives (including genitives) agree with the noun in case and number. Adjectives take the same endings as nouns. However, many adjectives are genitive adjectives formed form nouns, corresponding to the adjectival suffix in other languages.
| |
|
| |
|
| | (C1)V(C2) |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
| | C1: a consonant |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="5"| '''Genitive Declension'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
| |
| !colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
| |
| !colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Absolutive
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-t''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tèw''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Ergative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tih''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-twih''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Dative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-taf''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-twaf''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Locative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-thim''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tuhim''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Ablative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tchay''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tuchay''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Comitative
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tyã''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tuyã''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Instrumental
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tèrun''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-turun''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Essive
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-thòg''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''-tuhòg''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Genitive
| |
| |colspan="4"|''-tèt-''
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ====Verbs====
| | V: a vowel |
| Verbs in Wetcanese have no tense or aspect inflection; instead, there is evidentiality and mood which can do double duty as certain tenses The irrealis is the default, unmarked mood/evidentiality, serving the role of the infinitive or the future in other languages.
| |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
| | C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/ |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2"| '''Wetcanese mood/evidentiality affixes'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! width="110px"|irrealis
| |
| | width="165px"|''-Ø''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|witness
| |
| |''-chè''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|emphatic
| |
| |''-kòd''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|jurative
| |
| |''-tèmuh''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|quotative
| |
| |''-sha''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|mirative
| |
| |''-quh''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|hearsay
| |
| |''-ot''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|inferential
| |
| |''-eq''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|assumptive
| |
| |''-rwè''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|optative
| |
| |''-mes''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|imperative
| |
| |''-wõ''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|potential
| |
| |''-hiw''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|desiderative
| |
| |''-pãs''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|admonitive
| |
| |''-ay''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|permissive
| |
| |''-hyè''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| :''Phátu nuku'''chè'''...''
| | Gleb seed 1364524938 |
| ::''When did I last see it... (lit. When it was_located-I saw...)''
| |
|
| |
|
| The mirative marks new information that the speaker is witnessing. It often corresponds to present tense. In narratives it is used to exhort the listener for attention.
| | ===vaguely Clofab=== |
| | consonants: |
|
| |
|
| :''Qayòlih milám huga'''quh'''.''
| | m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w |
| ::''Hey, the demon's chasing the dog!/Behold, the demon chased the dog.''
| |
|
| |
|
| The quotative is used for information from third-party sources deemed to be authoritative. As such it is the evidential most often encountered in narratives.
| | vowels: |
|
| |
|
| :''Qayòlih milám huga'''sha'''.''
| | a e i o u |
| ::''The demon chased the dog. (narrative)''
| |
|
| |
|
| The admonitive is used in prohibitions and warnings, and for negative purpose clauses.
| | syllable structure: (C)V |
|
| |
|
| :''Phi qhashãs'''ay'''''
| | Gleb seed 1390372573 |
| ::''Do not wander around''
| |
| :''ha ãbè mòsip'''ay'''''
| |
| ::''lest this be forgotten''
| |
|
| |
|
| Wetcanese makes use of verbal affixes, instead of intonation (like English) or word order (as in some European languages and Celtic/Hebrew), in order to focus a constituent.
| | ===Liquidless phonology=== |
| | m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
| | a e ɛ i o ɔ u |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2"| '''Focus prefixes'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! width="110px"|absolutive
| |
| | width="165px"|''ne-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|ergative
| |
| |''hin-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|beneficiary
| |
| |''mac-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|instrument
| |
| |''qo-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|location
| |
| |''ya-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|source
| |
| |''hòt-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|goal
| |
| |''up-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|time
| |
| |''al-''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==TAM session==
| | (C)V(N) |
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2"| '''Aspect-mood clitics'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |Ø
| |
| |aorist
| |
| |-
| |
| |''d(i)-''
| |
| |progressive
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |prospective
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |inceptive
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |continuative
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |pausative
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |resumptive
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |cessative
| |
| |-
| |
| |
| |
| |retrospective
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| | C: a consonant |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
| | V: a vowel |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Person-tense clitics'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Present'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|''*na-''
| |
| |colspan="4"|''*xa-'' (exclusive); ''*ŋe-'' (inclusive)
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|''*sa-''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|''*zə-''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''*cə-''
| |
| |colspan="2"|''*za-''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Past'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Future'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Jussive'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
| | N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/ |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Person enclitics'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ===Nominal declension===
| | Gleb seed 1408165181 |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
| | ==A Damin== |
| |-
| | *Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ |
| ! colspan="17"| '''Declension'''
| | *Plosives: d̼ ʈ c' |
| |-
| | *Affricates: tθ ʡħ |
| !scope="row"|Number→
| | *Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç |
| !colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Generic
| | *Clicks: ʞ |
| !colspan="4" scope="col"|Partitive
| | *Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ |
| !colspan="4" scope="col"|Singulative
| | *vowels: y ɤ æ |
| !colspan="4" scope="col"|Plurative
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Definiteness→
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
| |
| !colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Unpossessed
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1sg
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2sg
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3sg.animate
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3sg.inanimate
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1ex
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1in
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2pl
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3pl.animate
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3pl.inanimate
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Impersonal
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Partitive
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==No idea if this will work== | | ==from An Bhlaoighne== |
| | <poem> |
| | big: go qhéith |
| | small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus") |
| | long: go mheal |
| | short: go laomh |
| | wide: go raoi |
| | narrow: go cuachar |
| | thick: go scúil |
| | thin: go h-ádh |
| | woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe |
| | man: an beathra, na mbeathra |
| | child: an stíotha, na stíotha |
| | mother: an feadhan-fháixe? |
| | father: an feadhan-beathra? |
| | na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra |
| | wife: an sleith-fháixe |
| | husband: an sleith-beathra |
| | na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra |
| | fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe |
| | bird: an chuar, na cuar |
| | (all these are from the bhadhagha gib) |
| | dog: an lior, na lior |
| | louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha |
| | snake: an bhfaost, na faost |
| | worm: an ghean, na ngean |
| | tree: an daodha, na dhaodha |
| | forest: an ríne, na ríne |
| | stick: an cuath, na chuath |
| | fruit: an thamha, na dtamha |
| | seed: an páile, na páile |
| | leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix |
| | root: an dhóife, na dhóife |
| | bark: an cior, na cior |
| | flower: an qeógh, na qheógh |
| | grass: an rúiche, na rúiche |
| | rope: an mbuad, na bhuad |
| | skin: an geabh, na gheabh |
| | meat: an ceith, na gceith |
| | blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha |
| | bone: an reist, na reist |
| | fat: an xuile, na xuile |
| | egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies* |
| | horn: an n-aire, na h-aire |
| | tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi |
| | feather: an gcoít, na choít |
| | hair: an núcha, na núcha |
| | head: an snith, na snith |
| | ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha |
| | eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn |
| | nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine |
| | mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile |
| | tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha |
| | tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀 |
| | fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth |
| | foot: an reithe, na reithe |
| | leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith |
| | knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith |
| | hand: flúin |
| | an bhflúin, na fhlúin |
| | arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin |
| | elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin |
| | wing: an ceamh, na gceamh |
| | belly: an táile, na tháile |
| | guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach |
| | neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe |
| | back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh |
| | breast: an dhsracht, na sracht |
| | heart: an luisc, na luisc |
| | liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc |
| | go neábha 'to drink' |
| | go séic 'to eat' |
| | go xumhadh 'to bite' |
| | go scéimh 'to suck' |
| | go fiara 'to spit, to eject' |
| | go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit' |
| | go fíoxa 'to blow' |
| | go stúimhe 'to breathe' |
| | go sraoth 'to laugh' |
| | go bhfeirthe 'to see' |
| | go dtiodh 'to hear' |
| | go xeólaigh 'to know' |
| | go bhrainne 'to think' |
|
| |
|
| {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
| | to smell: go mbuir |
| |-
| | fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Conjugation'''
| | to sleep: go h-uaileas |
| |-
| | to live: go chaith |
| ! colspan="3"| '''Infinitive'''
| | </poem> |
| | colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3"| '''Active participle'''
| |
| | colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3"| '''Antipassive participle'''
| |
| | colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Collective/Partitive
| |
| !colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Aorist'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Imperfect'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Imperative'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|1
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|2
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="4"|
| |
| |-
| |
| !scope="row"|3
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| | dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-) |
|
| |
|
| {{gloss
| | ==Long German gibby word== |
| |phrase=plân tròung '''''or''''' tròung plân
| | Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum |
| |IPA=/pˤán ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ pˤán/
| |
| |morphemes=plân tròung/tròung plân
| |
| |gloss=teacher house/house teacher
| |
| |translation=The teacher's house}}
| |
| {{gloss
| |
| |phrase=plân {{green|mā}} tròung '''''or''''' tròung {{green|mā}} plân
| |
| |IPA=/pˤán ma̤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ ma̤ pˤán/
| |
| |morphemes=plân {{green|mā}} tròung/tròung {{green|mā}} plân
| |
| |gloss=teacher {{green|INV}} house/house {{green|INV}} teacher
| |
| |translation=The teacher of the house}}
| |
| {{gloss
| |
| |phrase=plân mā srâlk tròung
| |
| |IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
| |
| |morphemes=plân mā srâkl tròung
| |
| |gloss=teacher INV pure house
| |
| |translation=The house of the teacher of purity}}
| |
| {{gloss
| |
| |phrase=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâlk tròung
| |
| |IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
| |
| |morphemes=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâkl tròung
| |
| |gloss=teacher INV {{green|DELIM}} pure house
| |
| |translation=The teacher of the house of purity}}
| |