Old Salhas: Difference between revisions

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|imagesize= 250px
|imagesize= 250px
|name= Salivian
|name= Salivian
|nativename=''ܣܵܠܡܵܣ (Salhas)''
|nativename=''{{term|ܣܵܠܥ݂ܵܣ}} (Salhas)''
|pronunciation= säl.läs
|pronunciation= säl.läs
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
|creator=[[User:Wfeozawra|wfosøra]], MrEvil
|creator=[[User:Wfeozawra|wfosøra]], MrEvil
|script1=Syrc
|script1=Syrc
|familycolor=isolate
|ancestor1=Proto-(Placeholder)
|ancestor2=Proto-Salhas (Sparsely attested in the Aramaic script)
|fam1=(Placeholder)
|fam2=Salhasian
|familycolor=
|cws=salv
|cws=salv
|-
|-
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! ܦ
! ܦ
! ܦ݂
! ܦ݂
! ܩ
! ܛ
! ܩ݂
! ܛ݂
! ܩ݀
! ܜ
! ܩ݂݀
! ܜ݂
! ܟ
! ܟ
! ܣ
! ܣ
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! ܚ
! ܚ
! ܠ
! ܠ
! ܨ
! ܫ݀
! ܝ
! ܝ
! ܒ݂
! ܒ݂
! ܒ
! ܒ
! ܪ
! ܜ݀
|-
|-
! Off. roman.
! Off. roman.
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! p
! p
! b
! b
! ht
! 1
! hd
! 7
! t
! t
! d
! d
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! 9
! 9
! j
! j
! hw
! v
! w
! w
! r
! r
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|-
|-
! Script
! Script
! ܛܴ
! ܚ݆݀
! ܛܳ
! ܚ݀݅
! ܛܼ
! ܚܼ݀
! ܛܹ
! ܚܹ݀
! ܛܲ
! ܚ݀ܲ
! ܛܿ
! ܚ݀ܿ
! ܛܵ
! ܚ݀ܵ
|-
|-
! Off. roman.
! Off. roman.
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|}
|}


There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant.
There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant, the ASCII compliant one will be used here.


The letter "ܛ" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)
The letter "ܚ݀" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)


The letters "ܡ" and "ܢ" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels
The letters "ܥ݂" and "ܢ" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels


===Consonants===
===Consonants===
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===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
CVC max
 
===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
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{| class="multicol"
{| class="multicol"
|-
|-
| {{template:Salhas v-end noun syr|}}
| {{template:Salhas v-end noun|ܟܵܜܼ݀|karu|mean='peace'}}
| {{template:Salhas c-end noun syr|}}
| {{template:Salhas c-end noun|ܚܼܜ݀ܵܦ|xurap|mean='raven, crow'}}
|}
{| class="multicol"
|-
| {{template:Salhas v-end noun rom|}}
| {{template:Salhas c-end noun rom|}}
|}
|}
===Pronouns===
{{template:salhas pronouns}}


===Verbs===
===Verbs===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{{template:salhas verb active|ܦܵܟܹܨ|pake9|mean='to be angry'}}
|+
 
|-
An /ɜ/ may be inserted between /ɬ/ and /ʐ/ when the two consonants occur next to each other.
! rowspan=3 colspan=2| Infinitive
 
! Past
The verbal affix order is voice-participle-pronoun--negative-perfect-tense-mood
| colspan=6 |
 
|-
To form the participle, take the first person singular form and add the participle affix in the appopriate location
! Present
| colspan=6 |
|-
! Future
| colspan=6 |
|-
! colspan=3 |
! Indicative
! Imperative
! Conditional
! Potential
! Presumptive
! Inferential
|-
! rowspan="12" | Past
! rowspan="4" | 1st
! Singular
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Dual
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Plural
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Great Plural
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" | 2nd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="4" | 3rd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="12" | Present
! rowspan="4" | 1st
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="4" | 2nd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="4" | 3rd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="12" | Future
! rowspan="4" | 1st
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="4" | 2nd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! rowspan="4" | 3rd
! Singular
|-
! Dual
|-
! Plural
|-
! Great Plural
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=3 | Participle
! Past
|-
! Present
|-
! Future
|-
! Colspan=11 | Affixes
|-
! colspan=3 | Perfect
| colspan=8 |
|-
! colspan=3 | Negative
| colspan=8 |
|-
! colspan=3 | Active
| colspan=8 |
|-
! colspan=3 | Passive
| colspan=8 |
|-
|}


===Adjectives and Determiners===
===Adjectives and Determiners===
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<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
==Other resources==
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
* [[Old Salhas/Swadesh|Swadesh]]
 
* [[:Category:Old Salhas lemmas|Lemmas]]
<!-- Template area -->
* [[Old Salhas/Phrases|Phrases]]
 


[[Category:Salivian]]
[[Category:Old Salhas]]
[[Category:Salhas Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Latest revision as of 01:55, 15 November 2024


Salivian
ܣܵܠܥ݂ܵܣ (Salhas)
Pronunciation[säl.läs]
Created bywfosøra, MrEvil
(Placeholder)
  • Salhasian
    • Salivian
Early forms
Proto-(Placeholder)
  • Proto-Salhas (Sparsely attested in the Aramaic script)
ConWorkShopsalv
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Phonology

Orthography

IPA b bʰ ʈ ʈʰ ɖ ɖʰ k s ʂ ʐ ç x l ɬ j ʍ w ɾ
Script ܦ ܦ݂ ܛ ܛ݂ ܜ ܜ݂ ܟ ܣ ܫ ܓ ܥ ܚ ܠ ܫ݀ ܝ ܒ݂ ܒ ܜ݀
Off. roman. b ḃ t ṫ d ḋ k s š z, ž c x l ł j ẇ w r
Roman. p b 1 7 t d k s 5 z c x l 9 j v w r
IPA y ɨ u ɛ ɜ o ä
Script ܚ݆݀ ܚ݀݅ ܚܼ݀ ܚܹ݀ ܚ݀ܲ ܚ݀ܿ ܚ݀ܵ
Off. roman. y i u e ɜ o a
Roman. y i u e 3 o a

There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant, the ASCII compliant one will be used here.

The letter "ܚ݀" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)

The letters "ܥ݂" and "ܢ" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Labio-
Velar 		Velar
Stop p, pʰ b, bʰ ʈ, ʈʰ ɖ, ɖʰ k
Fricative s, ɬ ʂ ʐ ç x
Approximant l j ʍ w
Flap ɾ

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close y ɨ u
Mid ɛ ɜ o̞
Open ä

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

CVC max

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Pronouns

Verbs

An /ɜ/ may be inserted between /ɬ/ and /ʐ/ when the two consonants occur next to each other.

The verbal affix order is voice-participle-pronoun--negative-perfect-tense-mood

To form the participle, take the first person singular form and add the participle affix in the appopriate location

Adjectives and Determiners

Adverbs

Numbers

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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