Wirne: Difference between revisions

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''Nàu m̌ dwēig Qěi-Mēung.'' 'I don't speak {{PAGENAME}}.'
''Nàu m̌ dwēg Wírn-Mēung.'' 'I don't speak {{PAGENAME}}.'
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Ŧaƨƨen-Müđel''; pronounced ''Qěi-Mēung'' /qaɪ212 mɔʏŋ55/) is a relatively conservative Wiebian lect descended from [[Middle Wiebian]]. It is a tonal language inspired by German and Buyang.
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''{{PAGENAME}}-Müđel''; pronounced ''Wírn-Mēung'' /wiɐn35 mɔʏŋ55/) is a relatively conservative [[Wiebian]] lect descended from [[Middle Wiebian]], and a close relative of [[Sŧrah]] (''qʷˁʼe''). It is a tonal language inspired by German, Buyang and Chinese.
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
|+
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!colspan="2" | Labial
!colspan="2" | Dental
!colspan="2" | Palatal
!colspan="2" | Velar
!colspan="2" | Uvular
!rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labialized</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labialized</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labialized</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labialized</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labialized</small>
|-
!colspan="2"| Nasal
| '''m''' /m/ || '''mw''' /mʷ/
| '''n''' /n/ || '''nw''' /nʷ/
| '''nj''' /ɲ/ ||
| '''ng''' /ŋ/ || '''ngw''' /ŋʷ/
| ||
|
|-
!rowspan="2" | Stop
!<small>tenuis</small>
| '''b''' /p/ || '''bw''' /pʷ/
| '''d''' /t/ || '''dw''' /tʷ/
| '''dsch''' /tʃ/ ||
| '''g''' /k/ || '''gw''' /kʷ/
| '''ġ''' /q/ || '''ġw''' /qʷ/
| /ʔ/
|-
!<small>aspirated</small>
| '''p''' /pʰ/ || '''pw''' /pʷʰ/
| '''t''' /tʰ/ || '''tw''' /tʷʰ/
| '''tsch''' /tʃʰ/ ||
| '''k''' /kʰ/ || '''kw''' /kʷʰ/
| '''q''' /qʰ/ || '''qw''' /qʷʰ/
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| '''f''' /f/ ||
| '''z''' /θ/ || '''zw''' /θʷ/
| '''sch''' /ʃ/ || '''schw''' /ʃʷ/
| '''ch''' /x/ || '''chw''' /xʷ/
| '''r''' /χ/ || '''rw''' /χʷ/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| ||
| '''s''' /ð/ || '''sw''' /ðʷ/
|  ||
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan=2| Approximant
!<small>voiceless</small>
| ||
| ||
| ||
| || '''hw''' /ʍ/
|
|
|
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| ||
| '''l''' /l/ ||
| '''j''' /j/ ||
| || '''w''' /w/
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
|-
! rowspan="3" style="width: 90px; "|
! colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Front
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /ɪ/
| '''ie''' /iː/
| '''ü''' /ʏ/
| '''ü, üh''' /yː/
|
|
| '''u''' /ʊ/
| '''u, uh''' /uː/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| '''e''' /ɛ/
| '''e, eh''' /eː/
| '''ö''' /œ/
| '''ö, öh''' /øː/
|
|
| '''o''' /ɔ/
| '''o, oh''' /oː/
|-
! style="" |Near-open
|
|
|
|
| '''-r, -er''' /ɐ/
|
|
|
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''a, ah''' /aː/
|
|
|}
 
Diphthongs: '''au''' /aʊ/ '''äu, eu''' /ɔʏ/ '''ei''' /aɪ/
 
===Tones===
high modal = tone 2, high breathy = tone 3; low modal = tone 4, low breathy = tone 1
 
==Grammar==
===Derivational morphology===
====Erhua====
'Erhua' with the suffix ''-er'' / ''-r'' /-ɐ/ may occur.
 


[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]

Latest revision as of 23:32, 25 February 2016

Nàu m̌ dwēg Wírn-Mēung. 'I don't speak Wirne.'

Introduction

Wirne (Wirne-Müđel; pronounced Wírn-Mēung /wiɐn35 mɔʏŋ55/) is a relatively conservative Wiebian lect descended from Middle Wiebian, and a close relative of Sŧrah (qʷˁʼe). It is a tonal language inspired by German, Buyang and Chinese.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Dental Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
plain labialized plain labialized plain labialized plain labialized plain labialized
Nasal m /m/ mw /mʷ/ n /n/ nw /nʷ/ nj /ɲ/ ng /ŋ/ ngw /ŋʷ/
Stop tenuis b /p/ bw /pʷ/ d /t/ dw /tʷ/ dsch /tʃ/ g /k/ gw /kʷ/ ġ /q/ ġw /qʷ/ /ʔ/
aspirated p /pʰ/ pw /pʷʰ/ t /tʰ/ tw /tʷʰ/ tsch /tʃʰ/ k /kʰ/ kw /kʷʰ/ q /qʰ/ qw /qʷʰ/
Fricative voiceless f /f/ z /θ/ zw /θʷ/ sch /ʃ/ schw /ʃʷ/ ch /x/ chw /xʷ/ r /χ/ rw /χʷ/ h /h/
voiced s /ð/ sw /ðʷ/
Approximant voiceless hw /ʍ/
voiced l /l/ j /j/ w /w/

Vowels

Wirne vowels
Front Central Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long short long
Close i /ɪ/ ie /iː/ ü /ʏ/ ü, üh /yː/ u /ʊ/ u, uh /uː/
Mid e /ɛ/ e, eh /eː/ ö /œ/ ö, öh /øː/ o /ɔ/ o, oh /oː/
Near-open -r, -er /ɐ/
Open a /a/ a, ah /aː/

Diphthongs: au /aʊ/ äu, eu /ɔʏ/ ei /aɪ/

Tones

high modal = tone 2, high breathy = tone 3; low modal = tone 4, low breathy = tone 1

Grammar

Derivational morphology

Erhua

'Erhua' with the suffix -er / -r /-ɐ/ may occur.

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