Scots Norse: Difference between revisions
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The following gives an example using "mik" ("I, me"), "ha" ("he"), and "ic" ("we, us", emphatic): | The following gives an example using "mik" ("I, me"), "ha" ("he"), and "ic" ("we, us", emphatic): | ||
:''{{lang|snon|mic tàlarr}}'' /ˈmʲɪc ˈto.ʎərʲ/ — "I speak" | :''{{lang|snon|mic tàlarr}}'' /ˈmʲɪc ˈto.ʎərʲ/ — "I speak" | ||
:''{{lang|snon|ha dtàlarr}}'' / | :''{{lang|snon|ha dtàlarr}}'' /ˈçæ ˈdo.ʎərʲ/ — "he speaks" | ||
:''{{lang|snon|ic thàlarr}}'' /ˈɪc | :''{{lang|snon|ic thàlarr}}'' /ˈɪc ˈθo.ʎərʲ/ — "we (emphatic) speak" | ||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
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''All'' nouns fit into one of these two patterns, regardless the forms in Old Norse. Below are several examples. | ''All'' nouns fit into one of these two patterns, regardless the forms in Old Norse. Below are several examples. | ||
{{ | {{snon-decl|a|ld|g=m}} | ||
{{snon-decl|h|àt|àet|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|h|àmar|4=àmr|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|b|èdh|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|b|ògh|òegh|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|m|àl|àel|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|p|ost|oest|g=m}} | |||
{{snon-decl|a|rrv}} | |||
{{snon-decl|b|èt}} | |||
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===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
Both the comparative and superlative forms were lost by the time of Sudrey Norse, being replaced with the usage of {{lang|snon|{{term|mèr}}}} ("more") and {{lang|snon|{{term|mast}}}} ("most"), so rather than, say, Old Norse "beztr" (hypothetical Scots Norse **{{lang|snon|bast}}) for "better", it is instead {{lang|snon|mèr ghòedh}} (lit. "more good"). | |||
In modern Scots Norse, adjectives have at most three forms, 2 singulars and a plural. Only the singular changes for gender, where the distinction is through mutation, the masculine causing lenition while the feminine doesn't cause mutation. | |||
{{snon-decl-adj|a|ld}} | |||
===Numerals=== | ===Numerals=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Prepositions=== | ===Prepositions=== | ||
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A large amount of speakers simply don't use inflected prepositions. | A large amount of speakers simply don't use inflected prepositions. | ||
{{snon-infl-prep| | {{snon-infl-prep|i|3=io|n=y}} | ||
{{snon-infl-prep|til| | {{snon-infl-prep|til|3=tiol}} | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
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The stative doesn't exist for every verb, but the forms are still displayed for convenience's sake. | The stative doesn't exist for every verb, but the forms are still displayed for convenience's sake. | ||
The original mediopassive indicative only remains in a small set of verbs acting as a reciprocal, typically physical actions taken towards others, like {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to fight"), {{lang|snon|{{term|slà}}}} ("to hit"), {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to embrace"), as well as a few abstract verbs, such as {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to love"). Otherwise it's been replaced by {{lang|snon|{{term| | The original mediopassive indicative only remains in a small set of verbs acting as a reciprocal, typically physical actions taken towards others, like {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to fight"), {{lang|snon|{{term|slà}}}} ("to hit"), {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to embrace"), as well as a few abstract verbs, such as {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to love"). Otherwise it's been replaced by {{lang|snon|{{term|hinnar}}}} | ||
Verbs have reduced to such a limited number of forms that analogy and sound changes have leveled them all down to essentially one pattern (excluding a few irregular verbs), which seemingly descends from Old Norse's weak class 2 pattern. | Verbs have reduced to such a limited number of forms that analogy and sound changes have leveled them all down to essentially one pattern (excluding a few irregular verbs), which seemingly descends from Old Norse's weak class 2 pattern. | ||