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==Orthography==
==Orthography==
(updated up to "dh")
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! colspan=5 | consonants
! colspan=5 | consonants
Line 184: Line 182:
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /b/
| /b/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' /ˈbɪɡ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /bˠ/
| /bˠ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|bòegh}}}}'' /ˈbˠoj/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /bʲ/
| /bʲ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|barrg}}}}'' /ˈbʲærʲɟ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=5 | '''bh'''
| rowspan=5 | '''bh'''
Line 198: Line 196:
| intervocalically
| intervocalically
| /./
| /./
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| elsewhere
| elsewhere
| null
| null
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | otherwise
| rowspan=3 | otherwise
| plain
| plain
| /v/
| /v/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| broad
| broad
| /vˠ~w/
| /v/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| slender
| slender
| /vʲ/
| /vʲ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''c'''
| rowspan=2 | '''c'''
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| /k/
| /k/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|coeth}}}}'' /ˈkɔç/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /c/
| /c/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|ceth}}}}'' /ˈcɛç/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''ch'''
| rowspan=2 | '''ch'''
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| /x/
| /x/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|loch}}}}'' /ˈɫɔx/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ç/
| /ç/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=3 | '''chd'''
| colspan=3 | '''chd'''
| /xk/
| /xk/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=3 | '''cn'''
| colspan=3 | '''cn'''
| /kɾ/
| /kɾ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|cnà}}}}'' /ˈkɾo/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| '''chi'''
| '''chi'''
| colspan=2 | before a vowel
| colspan=2 | before a vowel
| /ç/
| /ç/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=3 | '''chn'''
| colspan=3 | '''chn'''
| /xɾ/ [ɾ̥]
| /xɾ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''d'''
| rowspan=3 | '''d'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /d/
| /d/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|dàegh}}}}'' /ˈdoj/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /dˠ/
| /dˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /dʲ/
| /dʲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=6 | '''dh'''
| rowspan=6 | '''dh'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /ð/
| /ð/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | broad
| rowspan=2 | broad
| normally
| normally
| /ɣ/
| /ɣ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| intervocalically
| intervocalically
| /./
| /./
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | slender
| rowspan=3 | slender
| normally
| normally
| /ʝ~j/
| /ʝ~j/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| intervocalically before /ə, ɪ, i/
| intervocalically before /ə, ɪ, i/
| /./
| /./
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| elsewhere before /ə, ɪ, i/
| elsewhere before /ə, ɪ, i/
| null
| null
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''g'''
| rowspan=2 | '''g'''
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| /g/
| /g/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|godh}}}}'' /ˈɡɔ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ɟ/
| /ɟ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|dàge}}}}'' /ˈdoɟ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''gh'''
| rowspan=2 | '''gh'''
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| colspan=2 | plain/broad
| /ɣ/
| /ɣ/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|han}}) {{term|ghodh}}}}'' /(ˈhã) ˈɣɔ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ʝ/
| /ʝ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|}}}}'' //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=3 | '''gn'''
| colspan=3 | '''gn'''
| /ɡɾ/
| /ɡɾ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|gnaèt}}}}'' /ˈɡɾet/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''h'''
| rowspan=3 | '''h'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /h/
| /h/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|hàte}}}}'' /ˈhot͡ʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /x/
| /x/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ç/
| /ç/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|dìhiale}}}}'' /ˈd͡ʒi.çəʎ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''l'''
| rowspan=4 | '''l'''
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| non-finally
| non-finally
| /l/
| /l/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| finally
| finally
| /ʃ/
| /ʃ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|sèl}}}}'' /ˈʃeʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /lˠ/
| /lˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ʎ/
| /ʎ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|sèl|sèlir}}}}'' /ˈʃe.ʎɪθ͇/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''ll'''
| rowspan=3 | '''ll'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /l/
| /l/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|tàll}}}}'' /ˈtol/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /lˠ/
| /lˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ʎ/
| /ʎ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=3 | '''m'''
| rowspan=3 | '''m'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /m/
| /m/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|màl}}}}'' /ˈmoʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /mˠ/
| /mˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /mʲ/
| /mʲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=3 | '''mh'''
| rowspan=3 | '''mh'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /m̥/
| /m̥/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|hi|hin}}) {{term|mhàl}}}}'' /(ˈçɪ̃) ˈm̥oʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /m̥ˠ/
| /m̥ˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /m̥ʲ/
| /m̥ʲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=4 | '''n'''
| rowspan=4 | '''n'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /n/
| /n/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /nˠ~ŋ/
| /nˠ~ŋ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ɲ/
| /ɲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | post-vocalic when final/pre-fricative
| colspan=2 | post-vocalic when final/pre-fricative
| /Ṽ/
| /Ṽ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''nh'''
| rowspan=3 | '''nh'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /n̥/
| /n̥/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /n̥ˠ~ŋ̊/
| /n̥ˠ~ŋ̊/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ɲ̊/
| /ɲ̊/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''nn'''
| rowspan=3 | '''nn'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /n/
| /n/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|hann}}}}'' /han/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /nˠ/
| /nˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ɲ/
| /ɲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''p'''
| rowspan=4 | '''p'''
Line 431: Line 429:
| initially, before a vowel/finally
| initially, before a vowel/finally
| /pʰ/
| /pʰ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| elsewhere
| elsewhere
| /p/
| /p/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|priadh}}}}'' /ˈprʲa/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /pˠ/
| /pˠ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|post}}}}'' /ˈpˠɔstʰ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /pʲ/
| /pʲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=3 | '''ph'''
| rowspan=3 | '''ph'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /f/
| /f/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|ophàrr}}}}'' /ɒ.ˈfor/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /fˠ/
| /fˠ/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|sa}}) {{term|phost}}}}'' /(ˈsa) ˈfˠɔstʰ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /fʲ/
| /fʲ/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|han}}) {{term|phiutharr}}}}'' /(ˈhã) ˈfʲɤ.ər/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''r'''
| rowspan=4 | '''r'''
| colspan=2 | finally
| colspan=2 | finally
| /θ͇/
| /θ͇/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|bhar}}}}'' /ˈvaθ͇/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /r/
| /r/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|sudhraèscc}}}}'' /sˠʌ.ˈreskʰ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /rˠ/
| /rˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /rʲ/
| /rʲ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|bhère}}}}'' /ˈvʲerʲ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''rr'''
| rowspan=4 | '''rr'''
| colspan=2 | finally
| colspan=2 | finally
| /r/
| /r/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|bhàrr}}}}'' /ˈvor/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /r/
| /r/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /rˠ/
| /rˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /rʲ/
| /rʲ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=3 | '''-rt''', '''-rd'''
| colspan=3 | '''-rt''', '''-rd'''
| /ɾʃt̪/
| /ɾʃt̪/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''s'''
| rowspan=3 | '''s'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /s/
| /s/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /sˠ/
| /sˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ʃ/
| /ʃ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|sèl}}}}'' /ˈʃeʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-  
|-  
| rowspan=3 | '''sh'''
| rowspan=3 | '''sh'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /h/
| /h/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /x/
| /x/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ç/
| /ç/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|bholl}}) {{term|shèl}}}}'' /(ˈvˠɔl) ˈçeʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=5 | '''t'''
| rowspan=5 | '''t'''
Line 526: Line 524:
| initially/finally
| initially/finally
| /tʰ/
| /tʰ/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|tàll}}}}'' /ˈtʰol/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| elsewhere
| elsewhere
| /t/
| /t/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /tˠ/
| /tˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| rowspan=2 | slender
| initially/finally
| initially/finally
| /t͡ʃʰ/
| /t͡ʃʰ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| elsewhere
| elsewhere
| /t͡ʃ/
| /t͡ʃ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''th'''
| rowspan=4 | '''th'''
| colspan=2 | intervocalic/pre-consonantal/finally
| colspan=2 | intervocalic/pre-consonantal/finally
| /./ or null
| /./ or null
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /h/
| /h/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /x/
| /x/
| ''{{lang|snon|{{term|thù}}}}'' /ˈxu/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ç/
| /ç/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| rowspan=3 | z
| rowspan=3 | z
| colspan=2 | plain
| colspan=2 | plain
| /z/
| /z/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| colspan=2 | broad
| /zˠ/
| /zˠ/
| {{term|}} //
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| colspan=2 | slender
| /ʒ/
| /ʒ/
| ''{{lang|snon|({{term|an}}) {{term|zèl}}}}'' /(ˈan) ˈʒeʃ/
| {{l|snon|}} //
|-
|-
|}
|}


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
Every part of speech is split among three "types" or "classes" based on the mutation they ''cause'' in the following word, these are called "radical", "lenite", and "eclipse", and they generally don't affect the word itself.
===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
{{snon-pronouns}}
{{snon-pronouns}}
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
Nouns have been reduced down to a basic singular/plural distinction, with the masc/fem distinction only maintained when paired with the article ''{{lang|snon|{{term|hin}}}}''.
Nouns have been reduced down to a basic singular/plural distinction, with the gender distinction effectively lost, only being maintained by the pronouns used for the words. Nouns have also dropped their definite forms in favor of an independent article, {{l|snon|hi}}.


The plural is always formed with -arr, while the singular has roughly two methods that apply to both genders, those being "e-ᶫ" and "-" (note that the "e-" represents slenderization of the preceding consonant).
The plural is essentially always formed with {{l|snon|-ar}}, there are a few exceptions formed with {{l|snon|-an}}, which always come from Gàidhlig. The rest of the exceptions come from preserved umlaut forms, such as {{l|snon|madh}}, with the plural {{l|snon|medh}}.


''All'' nouns fit into one of these two patterns, regardless the forms in Old Norse. Below are several examples.
With the general loss of gender, the suffix {{l|snon|-al}} developed. Originally a feminine diminutive, it was analogized to the masculine and became an agent suffix, then a general suffix for forming feminine nouns. In the plural, it appears as {{l|snon|-lar}}.
{{snon-decl|a|ld|g=m|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|h|àt|àet|g=m|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|h|àmar|4=àmr|g=m|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|b|èdh|g=m|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|b|ògh|òegh|g=m|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|m|àl|àel|g=m}}
{{snon-decl|p|ost|oest|g=m}}
{{snon-decl|a|rrv|l=y}}
{{snon-decl|b|èt}}


===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
Both the comparative and superlative forms were lost by the time of Sudrey Norse, being replaced with the usage of {{lang|snon|{{term|mèr}}}} ("more") and {{lang|snon|{{term|mast}}}} ("most"), so rather than, say, {{mn|non|beztr}} (hypothetical Scots Norse **{{lang|snon|bast}}) for "better", it is instead {{lang|snon|mèr ghòedh}} (lit. "more good").
Adjectives, like nouns, have been heavily reduced, down to the positive, comparative, and superlative forms. The comparative and superlative are formed with {{l|snon|-ir}} and {{l|snon|-ist}} respectively.
 
In modern Scots Norse, adjectives have at most three forms, 2 singulars and a plural. Only the singular changes for gender, where the distinction is through mutation, the masculine causing lenition while the feminine doesn't cause mutation.
 
{{snon-decl-adj|a|ld}}


===Numerals===
===Numerals===
Line 656: Line 642:
Many significant changes have happened to the verb system since Old Norse, notably both the mood and voice distinctions have been lost. The active indicative has descended into the present and past tense, while the active subjunctive was lost entirely. The oppositive happened in the mediopassive, with the subjunctive becoming the future and stative, while the indicative was lost.
Many significant changes have happened to the verb system since Old Norse, notably both the mood and voice distinctions have been lost. The active indicative has descended into the present and past tense, while the active subjunctive was lost entirely. The oppositive happened in the mediopassive, with the subjunctive becoming the future and stative, while the indicative was lost.


The stative doesn't exist for every verb, but the forms are still displayed for convenience's sake.
The original mediopassive indicative only remains in a small set of verbs, acting as a reciprocal, typically physical actions taken towards others, like {{l|snon|}} ("to fight"), {{l|snon|slà}} ("to hit"), {{l|snon|}} ("to embrace"), as well as a few abstract verbs, such as {{l|snon|elsc}} ("to love"). Otherwise it's been replaced by {{l|snon|hinnar}}
 
The original mediopassive indicative only remains in a small set of verbs acting as a reciprocal, typically physical actions taken towards others, like {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to fight"), {{lang|snon|{{term|slà}}}} ("to hit"), {{lang|snon|{{term|}}}} ("to embrace"), as well as a few abstract verbs, such as {{lang|snon|{{term|elsc}}}} ("to love"). Otherwise it's been replaced by {{lang|snon|{{term|hinnar}}}}


Verbs have reduced to such a limited number of forms that analogy and sound changes have leveled them all down to essentially one pattern (excluding a few irregular verbs), which seemingly descends from Old Norse's weak class 2 pattern.
Verbs have reduced to such a limited number of forms that analogy and sound changes have leveled them all down to essentially one pattern (excluding a few irregular verbs), which seemingly descends from Old Norse's weak class 2 pattern.


{{snon-conj|t|àl}}
{{snon-conj|t|àl}}


{{snon-conj|m|èl}}
{{snon-conj|m|èl}}


{{snon-conj|à|gh}}
{{snon-conj|à|gh}}
Line 673: Line 655:
There are very few known suppletive verbs in Scots Norse, the main one being the copula ''{{lang|snon|vèr}}'', and even it has been leveled by many speakers.
There are very few known suppletive verbs in Scots Norse, the main one being the copula ''{{lang|snon|vèr}}'', and even it has been leveled by many speakers.
{{snon-conj-vèr}}
{{snon-conj-vèr}}
"arr" and "varr" are the more prevalent forms, but the regularized forms "vèrarr" and "vèradharr" are also rather common.
"er" and "var" are the more prevalent forms, but the regularized forms "vèrir" and "vèradhir" are also rather common.


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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