Scots Norse: Difference between revisions
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*/w/ > /v/, causing /f/ [v] to merge back with [f], thus "arfa" [ɑr.vɑ] > [ɑr.fə] (modern /əɾf/) | */w/ > /v/, causing /f/ [v] to merge back with [f], thus "arfa" [ɑr.vɑ] > [ɑr.fə] (modern /əɾf/) | ||
*/θ, ð/ > /t, d/, with a few cases of /θ, ð/ > /f, v/ | */θ, ð/ > /t, d/, with a few cases of /θ, ð/ > /f, v/ | ||
*diphthong flattening, /øy, ɒu/ > /øː, oː/ | *diphthong flattening, /øy, ɒu, ɛi/ > /øː, oː, eː/ | ||
*merger of mid-high and mid-low vowels | *merger of mid-high and mid-low vowels | ||
*e > ja occasionally when Proto-Germanic *e (typically becomes ja in Old Norse anyways) | *e > ja occasionally when Proto-Germanic *e (typically becomes ja in Old Norse anyways) | ||
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*development of slender/broad/plain distinction | *development of slender/broad/plain distinction | ||
*front round vowels | *front round vowels break to /jV/ | ||
*short vowels > /ɪ, ɛ, ə, ʊ, ɔ/ | *short vowels > /ɪ, ɛ, ə, ʊ, ɔ/ | ||
*long vowels > /i, e, ɑ, u, o/ | *long vowels > /i, e, ɑ, u, o/ | ||
*(Western only) Loss of all gemination, including sonorants. | |||
*loss of /ə/ between two sonorants (such as /jər/ > /ir/), unless part of an inflectional ending. | *loss of /ə/ between two sonorants (such as /jər/ > /ir/), unless part of an inflectional ending. | ||
*unstressed vowels to /ə/. | *unstressed vowels to /ə/. | ||
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===Modern Scots Norse=== | ===Modern Scots Norse=== | ||
*/v/ > /f/ next to voiceless fricatives, such as /sv/ > /sf/. | |||
::<small>ON.</small> {{l|non|svartr}} /ˈswɑr.tr̩/ > <small>SuNo.</small> {{l|sdno|svarta}} /ˈsvəɾ.tə/ > <small>ScNo.</small> {{l|snon|sfart}} /ˈsfəɾt/ | |||
*mutations develop through the loss of word final sounds | *mutations develop through the loss of word final sounds | ||
**lenition: from being intervocalic | **lenition: from being intervocalic | ||
::<small>ON.</small> {{l|non|agi}} /ˈɑ.ɣi/ > <small>SuNo.</small> {{l|sdno|àgi}} /ˈɑ.ɟə/ > <small>ScNo.</small> {{l|snon|àegh}} /ˈɑj/ | |||
**eclipsis: from nasal clusters | **eclipsis: from nasal clusters | ||
*(Eastern) Loss of all gemination. | |||
*several palatalized sounds shift: | *several palatalized sounds shift: | ||
**/s, z, n, l, k, g, h, ɣ/ > /ʃ, ʒ, ɲ, ʎ, c, ɟ, ç, ʝ/ | **/s, z, n, l, k, g, h, ɣ/ > /ʃ, ʒ, ɲ, ʎ, c, ɟ, ç, ʝ/ | ||
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
(updated up to " | (updated up to "cn") | ||
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" | {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" | ||
! colspan=5 | Consonants | ! colspan=5 | Consonants | ||
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| colspan=2 | broad | | colspan=2 | broad | ||
| {{IPA|/x/}} | | {{IPA|/x/}} | ||
| {{ | | {{l|snon|loch}} {{IPA|/ˈɫɔx/}}, {{l|snon|Fràch}} {{IPA|/ˈfɾɑx/}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=2 | slender | | colspan=2 | slender | ||
| {{IPA|/ç/}} | | {{IPA|/ç/}} | ||
| {{ | | {{l|snon|loech}} {{IPA|/ˈɫɔç/}}, {{l|snon|dìchial}} {{IPA|/ˈdi.çəɫ/}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=3 | '''chd''' | | colspan=3 | '''chd''' | ||
| {{IPA|/xk/}} | | {{IPA|/xk/}} | ||
| {{ | | {{l|snon|}} {{IPA|//}}, {{l|snon|}} {{IPA|//}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=3 | '''cn''' | | colspan=3 | '''cn''' | ||
| {{IPA|/ | | {{IPA|/kɾ/}} | ||
| {{ | | {{l|snon|cnà}} {{IPA|/ˈkɾɑ/}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2 | '''d''' | | rowspan=2 | '''d''' | ||