Ancient Tevvic: Difference between revisions
| (9 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
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|nativename=ťēvvó tâṇva | |nativename=ťēvvó tâṇva | ||
|pronunciation=cɛːʋ.ˈʋɔ ˈtɑː.ɳʋə | |pronunciation=cɛːʋ.ˈʋɔ ˈtɑː.ɳʋə | ||
|ethnicity= | |ethnicity=Tevvics | ||
|states=[[w:Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]] | |states=[[w:Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]] | ||
|fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]] | |fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]] | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
|script1=Latn | |script1=Latn | ||
|ancestor=Proto-? | |ancestor=Proto-? | ||
|creator=[[User:Melinoë|Melinoë]] | |creator=[[User:Melinoë|Melinoë]] | ||
|created=May, 2026 | |created=May, 2026 | ||
| Line 27: | Line 25: | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
==Development== | ==Development== | ||
*/x/ > /h/ | */x/ > /h/ | ||
*/r/ > /ɹ~ɻ/ | */r/ > /ɹ~ɻ/ | ||
*/ɣ/ > /j, w, g/ depending on environment. | |||
*/VjV/ > /V:/ | */VjV/ > /V:/ | ||
*unstressed /i, u, ɑ/ > /ə/, leaving /ʲ, ʷ/ on following consonant, with the last turning consonants retroflex | *unstressed /i, u, ɑ/ > /ə/, leaving /ʲ, ʷ/ on following consonant, with the last turning consonants retroflex | ||
| Line 47: | Line 43: | ||
*/w, v/ > /ʋ/, /hw/ > /ʋ̥/ | */w, v/ > /ʋ/, /hw/ > /ʋ̥/ | ||
*/{rt,tr,rc,cr}, {rd,dr,rɟ,ɟr}, {rn,nr,rm,mr}, {rs,sr,rʃ,ʃr}, {rz,zr,rʒ,ʒr}/ > /ʈ, ɖ, ɳ, ʂ, ʐ/, /rk, kr/ > /ʈ/ in some areas | */{rt,tr,rc,cr}, {rd,dr,rɟ,ɟr}, {rn,nr,rm,mr}, {rs,sr,rʃ,ʃr}, {rz,zr,rʒ,ʒr}/ > /ʈ, ɖ, ɳ, ʂ, ʐ/, /rk, kr/ > /ʈ/ in some areas | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan | ! colspan=2 | | ||
! | ! labial | ||
! | ! alveolar | ||
! | ! retroflex | ||
! palatal | |||
! | ! velar | ||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | nasal | ! colspan=2 | nasal | ||
| m | | m | ||
| n | | n | ||
| ɳ | |||
| ɲ | | ɲ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 78: | Line 64: | ||
! unvoiced | ! unvoiced | ||
| p | | p | ||
| t | | t | ||
| | | ʈ | ||
| c | |||
| k | | k | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| b | | b | ||
| d | | d | ||
| | | ɖ | ||
| ɟ | | ɟ | ||
| ɡ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | fricative | ! rowspan=2 | fricative | ||
! unvoiced | ! unvoiced | ||
| f | | f | ||
| s | | s | ||
| ʂ | |||
| ʃ | | ʃ | ||
| | | h | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| | | | ||
| z | | z | ||
| ʐ | |||
| ʒ | | ʒ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | approximant | ! colspan=2 | approximant | ||
| | | ʋ̥, ʋ | ||
| | | l | ||
| | | ɻ, ɭ | ||
| | | j, ʎ | ||
| | | ɫ~ɰ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | | ! rowspan=3 | | ||
! | ! colspan=4 | front | ||
! colspan= | ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | back | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | unround | ! colspan=2 | unround | ||
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| i | | i | ||
| iː | | iː | ||
| | | y | ||
| | | yː | ||
| u | | u | ||
| uː | | uː | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Mid | ! Mid | ||
| | | ɛ | ||
| | | ɛː | ||
| | | œ | ||
| | | œː | ||
| | | ɔ | ||
| | | ɔː | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Low | ! Low | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| (ə) | |||
| | | | ||
| ɑ | | ɑ | ||
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===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
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====Nouns==== | ====Nouns==== | ||
=====Masculines===== | =====Masculines===== | ||
======a-stem====== | |||
{{inflection-table-top|palette=blue|title=A-stem masculine nouns|tall=yes}} | |||
! rowspan=2 class=outer | | |||
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|úlfah}} ("wolf", acro.) | |||
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|hēzáh}} ("spear", meso.) | |||
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|ṇaháh}} ("stomach", kin.) | |||
|- | |||
! singular | |||
! plural | |||
! singular | |||
! plural | |||
! singular | |||
! plural | |||
|- | |||
! nominative | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ah</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">oh</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">áh</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">óh</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">áh</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">óh</span> | |||
|- | |||
! vocative | |||
| úlf | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">oh</span> | |||
| hêz | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">óh</span> | |||
| ṇáh | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">óh</span> | |||
|- | |||
! accusative | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">va</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">vah</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">vá</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">váh</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">vá</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">váh</span> | |||
|- | |||
! allative | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ōr</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ałḥ</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">ôr</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">áłḥ</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">ôr</span> | |||
| ṇah<span style="color:red">áłh</span> | |||
|- | |||
! genitive | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ah</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">vō</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">áh</span> | |||
| hēz<span style="color:red">vô</span> | |||
| ṇag<span style="color:red">áh</span> | |||
| ṇag<span style="color:red">vô</span> | |||
|- | |||
! ablative | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">eť</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">vah</span> | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! dative | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ē</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">ēuh</span> | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! instrumental | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">o</span> | |||
| úlf<span style="color:red">yeh</span> | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
{{inflection-table-bottom|notes=}} | |||
====Adjectives==== | ====Adjectives==== | ||
====Pronouns==== | ====Pronouns==== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| style="font-style:normal;" | | | style="font-style:normal;" | | ||
| what is your name? | | what is your name? | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="font-style:normal;" | | | style="font-style:normal;" | | ||
| my name is... | | my name is... | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="font-style:normal;" | | | style="font-style:normal;" | | ||
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{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
!1 | !1 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|êṇah}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!2 | !2 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|tvéh}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!3 | !3 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|ṭárah}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!4 | !4 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|ṣṭvár}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!5 | !5 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|pváṣ}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!6 | !6 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|sáhš}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!7 | !7 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|ṣvút}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!8 | !8 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|aẓdvút}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!9 | !9 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|návt}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!10 | !10 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|tóhat}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!11 | !11 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|êṇṭḥvat}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
!12 | !12 | ||
|{{l|tevo|}} | |{{l|tevo|tvêṭḥvat}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||