TolsienS: Difference between revisions

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==Introduction==

TolsienS is one of several versions of Tolsian,and at the time of its creation was meant as a definitive standard. According to documentation :

TolsienS is one of several versions of Tolsian, and at the time of its creation was meant as a definitive standard. According to documentation :

Tolsian is a Romance language, though it is not written with the Latin alphabet. However, the Tolsian script is largely derived from the Latin and Greek alphabets. Syntax and conjugation are very close to those of the French language. However, the phonology is quite different from other Romance languages. The lexicon is mostly of Latin origin, with influences from other European languages, especially English. Tolsian has been evolving for many years before getting to this current "standardized" stage. Its alphabet has been through two main graphical periods, and has had several different versions, that we will assume to be regional variations. The conjugation has also changed a lot over time, becoming more complex. However, just like this standardized Tolsian will leave behind many archaisms, so will it leave behind some grammatical innovations that are deemed unnecessarily complicated. Two main criteria are being considered in order to establish this standardized version of Tolsian : persistence over time of a given grammatical phenomenon, and how consistent it has been (this is meant to be a standardization of modern Tolsian). However, all other forms of Tolsian will stay a part of it.

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-->

==Phonology==

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|colspan="2"|

|colspan="2"| ʀ

|colspan="2"|

|-

!colspan="2"|Flap

|colspan="2"|

|colspan="2"| ɾ

|colspan="2"|

|-

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*The tilde diacritic is also used after a vowel to indicate that it is a long vowel : a~ /a:/.

*The phoneme /ʀ/ is written r°.

*The phoneme /ɾ/ is written r^l.

*A so called "weakening accent" used in the original script to "weaken" a sound (usually making it unpronounced) is romanized with a ^ written after the letter.

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|colspan="2"| ɸ <Æ æ> β <Ù ù>

|colspan="2"| f <F f> v <V v>

|colspan="2"| θ <S s> ð <Ð ð>

|colspan="2"| θ <nowiki><S s></nowiki> ð <Ð ð>

|colspan="2"| s <C c> z <Z z>

|colspan="2"| ʃ <Q q> ʒ <J j> ɧ̙ʷ <Ç ç>

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|colspan="2"|

|colspan="2"| ʀ <R° r°>

|colspan="2"|

|-

!colspan="2"|Flap

|colspan="2"|

|colspan="2"| ɾ <R^l, r^l>

|colspan="2"|

|-

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==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Numerals===

TolsienS has its own number system notation, with symbols for digits 0-9 as well for the values 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 1 000 000, 10 000 000 and 1 000 000 000. Within this sytem, the value written "30" or "11" in the decimal number system would be written with the symbols "3 10" or "10 1", respectively.

<poem>

Numbers 0-9

0 û~a /wa/

1 i~û /ju/

2 r^la /ɾa/

3 kci /ksi/

4 i~e /je/

5 kca /ksa/

6 r^lo /ɾo/

7 kco /kso/

8 r^li /ɾi/

9 r^lu /ɾy/

</poem>

===Adjectives===

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==~~Example texts~~==

==Informal TolsienS==

~~~~

In informal speech, many elisions may happen, for instance with the particles dake? and ke? :

*"dake? one" becomes ''dakone'' or ''dakon'' : ''tû cwac dake? one fëkuô'' /tu swijas dake one fœkɥe/ becomes ''tcwac dakon fëkuô'' /tswas dakon fœkɥe/.

In the original documentation :

''En langage oral courant / familier cependant, on peut faire des contractions, par exemple : " dake? one" devient "dakone" voire "dakon". De toute façon, le langage oral courant / familier s'affranchit assez des règles de prononciation (surtout celles relatives à la prosodie) normalisées. Beaucoup de syllabes ou lettres sont avalées.''

==Other resources==

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ==Introduction==
-TolsienS is one of several versions of Tolsian,and at the time of its creation was meant as a definitive standard. According to documentation :
+TolsienS is one of several versions of Tolsian, and at the time of its creation was meant as a definitive standard. According to documentation :
 Tolsian is a Romance language, though it is not written with the Latin alphabet. However, the Tolsian script is largely derived from the Latin and Greek alphabets. Syntax and conjugation are very close to those of the French language. However, the phonology is quite different from other Romance languages. The lexicon is mostly of Latin origin, with influences from other European languages, especially English. Tolsian has been evolving for many years before getting to this current "standardized" stage. Its alphabet has been through two main graphical periods, and has had several different versions, that we will assume to be regional variations. The conjugation has also changed a lot over time, becoming more complex. However, just like this standardized Tolsian will leave behind many archaisms, so will it leave behind some grammatical innovations that are deemed unnecessarily complicated. Two main criteria are being considered in order to establish this standardized version of Tolsian : persistence over time of a given grammatical phenomenon, and how consistent it has been (this is meant to be a standardization of modern Tolsian). However, all other forms of Tolsian will stay a part of it.
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 -->
 ==Phonology==
 <!-- ***Phonology*** -->
@@ Line 117: / Line 118: @@
 |colspan="2"|
 |colspan="2"| ʀ
+|colspan="2"|
+|-
+!colspan="2"|Flap
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"| ɾ
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
 |colspan="2"|
 |-
@@ Line 223: / Line 235: @@
 *The tilde diacritic is also used after a vowel to indicate that it is a long vowel : a~ /a:/.
 *The phoneme /ʀ/ is written r°.
+*The phoneme /ɾ/ is written r^l.
 *A so called "weakening accent" used in the original script to "weaken" a sound (usually making it unpronounced) is romanized with a ^ written after the letter.
@@ Line 263: / Line 276: @@
 |colspan="2"| ɸ <Æ æ> β <Ù ù>
 |colspan="2"| f <F f> v <V v>
-|colspan="2"| θ <S s> ð <Ð ð>
+|colspan="2"| θ <nowiki><S s></nowiki> ð <Ð ð>
 |colspan="2"| s <C c> z <Z z>
 |colspan="2"| ʃ <Q q> ʒ <J j> ɧ̙ʷ <Ç ç>
@@ Line 291: / Line 304: @@
 |colspan="2"|
 |colspan="2"| ʀ <R° r°>
+|colspan="2"|
+|-
+!colspan="2"|Flap
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"| ɾ <R^l, r^l>
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
+|colspan="2"|
 |colspan="2"|
 |-
@@ Line 350: / Line 374: @@
 ==Morphology==
 ===Nouns===
+===Numerals===
+TolsienS has its own number system notation, with symbols for digits 0-9 as well for the values 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 1 000 000, 10 000 000 and 1 000 000 000. Within this sytem, the value written "30" or "11" in the decimal number system would be written with the symbols "3 10" or "10 1", respectively.
+<poem>
+Numbers 0-9
+û~a /wa/
+i~û /ju/
+r^la /ɾa/
+kci /ksi/
+i~e /je/
+kca /ksa/
+r^lo /ɾo/
+kco /kso/
+r^li /ɾi/
+r^lu /ɾy/
+</poem>
 ===Adjectives===
@@ Line 626: / Line 667: @@
 <!-- etc. etc. -->
-==Example texts==
+==Informal TolsienS==
-<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
+In informal speech, many elisions may happen, for instance with the particles dake? and ke? :
+*"dake? one" becomes ''dakone'' or ''dakon'' : ''tû cwac dake? one fëkuô'' /tu swijas dake one fœkɥe/ becomes ''tcwac dakon fëkuô'' /tswas dakon fœkɥe/.
+In the original documentation :
+''En langage oral courant / familier cependant, on peut faire des contractions, par exemple : " dake? one" devient "dakone" voire "dakon". De toute façon, le langage oral courant / familier s'affranchit assez des règles de prononciation (surtout celles relatives à la prosodie) normalisées. Beaucoup de syllabes ou lettres sont avalées.''
 ==Other resources==
 <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->