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Ancient Tevvic: Difference between revisions

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|fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]]
|fam1=[[w:Indo-European|Indo-European]]
|fam2=Para-Germanic
|fam2=Para-Germanic
|fam3=?
|fam3=Chlesamnic
|fam4=Tevvic
|fam4=Tevvic
|script1=Deva
|script1=Deva
Line 30: Line 30:
==Development==
==Development==
*/ə/ > /i/
*/ə/ > /i/
*/x/ > /h/
*/x/ > /h/, seems to remain /x/ before other consonants, especially fricatives.
*/r/ > /ɹ~ɻ/
*/r/ > /ɹ~ɻ/
*/c, ɟ/ > /t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ/
*/c, ɟ/ > /t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ/
*/wu/ > /u/
*/wu/ > /u/
*/VjV, VwV/ > /V:/
*/VjV, VwV/ > /V:/
*unstressed /i, u, ɑ/ > /ə/, leaving /ʲ, ʷ/ on following consonant, with the last turning consonants retroflex (doesn't affect approximants or affricates)
*unstressed /i, u, ɑ/ > /ə/, leaving /ʲ, ʷ/ on following consonant, with the last turning consonants retroflex (/ɻ, j, w/ or affricates)
** this palatal/labialization often affects the vowel and is then dropped
** this palatal/labialization often affects the vowel and is then dropped
*/ə/ lost where new clusters are easy
*/ə/ lost where new clusters are easy
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{{inflection-table-top|palette=blue|title=a-stem masculine nouns (acrostatic)|tall=yes}}
{{inflection-table-top|palette=blue|title=a-stem masculine nouns (acrostatic)|tall=yes}}
! rowspan=2 class=outer |
! rowspan=2 class=outer |
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|उ॔ल्फंः|tr=úlphạh, "wolf"}}
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|उ॑ल्फंः}}
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|फ॔ह्रंः|tr=pháhrạh, "riverbank"}}
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|फ॑ह्रंः}}
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo||tr=, ""}}
! colspan=2 class=outer | {{l|tevo|}}
|-
|-
! singular
! singular
Line 351: Line 351:
|-
|-
! nominative
! nominative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo| उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ॉः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ॉः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! vocative
! vocative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">्</span> (úlph<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|्}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red"></span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ॉः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">्</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|्}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red"></span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ॉः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">oh</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! accusative
! accusative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red"></span> (úlph<span style="color:red">a</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">a</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red"></span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">a</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">a</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! allative
! allative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ौर्</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ōr</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ौर्}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ōr</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ह्र्</span>(úlph<span style="color:red">ahr</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ह्र्}}</span>(úlph<span style="color:red">ahr</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ौर्</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ōr</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ौर्}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ōr</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ह्र्</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ahr</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ह्र्}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ahr</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! genitive
! genitive
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ां</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạ̄</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ां}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạ̄</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ां</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạ̄h</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ां}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạ̄</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! ablative
! ablative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ॅच्</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ec</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॅच्}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ec</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ॅच्</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ec</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॅच्}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ec</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ah</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! dative
! dative
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ै</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ē</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ै}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ē</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ैसॉ</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ēso</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ैसॉ}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ēso</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ै</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ē</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ै}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ē</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ैसॉ</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ēso</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ैसॉ}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ēso</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
! instrumental
! instrumental
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ॉ</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">o</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉ}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">o</span>)
| उ॔ल्फ<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|उ॑ल्फ}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (úlph<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ॉ</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">o</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ॉ}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">o</span>)
| फ॔ह्र<span style="color:red">ंः</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| {{lang|tevo|फ॑ह्र}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|ंः}}</span> (pháhr<span style="color:red">ạh</span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| <span style="color:red"></span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
| {{lang|tevo|}}<span style="color:red">{{lang|tevo|}}</span> (<span style="color:red"></span>)
|-
|-
{{inflection-table-bottom|notes=}}
{{inflection-table-bottom|notes=}}
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:'''Original (English)'''
:'''Original (English)'''
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
===The Cold Winter is Near===
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! Tevvotanva
!
! English
|-
|
| &emsp;
| style="font-style:italic;" | The cold winter is near, a blizzard will come.
|-
|
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Come in my warm house, o' friend.
|-
|
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Welcome! Come here, sing and dance, eat and drink!
|-
|
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | That is my plan.
|-
|
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | We have water, beer, and fresh milk from the cow.
|-
|
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Oh, and warm soup!
|}


==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
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