Aoid: Difference between revisions

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Aoid has 19 consonant phonemes (''sonáintean''). These consonants are split into two categories; the "strong" (''díoch'') consonants and "lean" (''sbhaelte'') or [[w:Palatalization|palatalised]] consonants (cf. Irish [[w:Irish phonology#Consonants|broad and slender]] consonants).

{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"

! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | !! colspan=2 | Labial !! colspan=2 | Coronal !! colspan=2 | Dorsal

|-

! strong !! lean !! strong !! lean !! strong !! lean

|-

! colspan=2 | Nasal

| m || mʲ || n || ɲ || ŋ || (ŋʲ)

| m || mʲ || n || ɲ || ŋ || (ŋʲ) ||

|-

! rowspan=2 | Stop

! voiceless

| p || pʲ || t || tʲ || k || kʲ

| p || pʲ || t || tʲ || k || kʲ ||

|-

! voiced

| b || bʲ || d || dʲ || g || gʲ~dʒ

| b || bʲ || d || dʲ || g || gʲ~dʒ ||

|-

! rowspan=2 | Fricative

! voiceless

| f || fʲ || s || ʃ || x || ç

| f || fʲ || s || ʃ || x || ç || h

|-

! voiced

| rowspan=2 | ʋ || vʲ || (z) || || ||

| rowspan=2 | ʋ || vʲ || (z) || || || ||

|-

! rowspan=2 | Approximant

! central

| || ɾ || ɾʲ || ||

| || ɾ || ɾʲ || || ||

|-

! lateral

| || || l || lʲ || ||

| || || l || lʲ || || ||

|}

/z/ only appears phonemically in a couple words, such as '''''Z'''ámóftach'' "[[w:Zamenhof Day|Zamenhof Day]]", as well as as an [[#Elition|elition]] of /d/; as an elition of /d/, it can sometimes be pronounced as [[w:Voiced dental fricative|voiced dental fricative]] /ð/, especially among older and/or secular speakers. /ŋʲ/ appears as a nasal assimilative allophone before lean dorsal stops, i.e. /kʲ, gʲ~dʒ/, though the status of this allophone is controversial as some have described the phone as closer to a palatal nasal /ɲ/.

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===Nouns===

Aoid nouns are divided into three classes: class 1, class 2 and class 3.

Class 1 nouns are nouns that use [[w:Ablaut|ablaut]] to pluralise, e.g.:

* {{l|aoid|tach}} "day" > ''t'''ai'''g'' "days"

* {{l|aoid|niabh}} "boy" > ''ni'''au'''bh'' "boys"

* {{l|aoid|dán}} "Dane, idiot" > ''d'''ái'''n'' "Danes"

Class 2 nouns use the suffix {{l|aoid|-ean}} or {{l|aoid|-an}} to pluralise, with regular augmentative infixes ''-(e)(a)c-'' and diminutive ''-(e)t-''.

* {{l|aoid|bhir}} "man" > ''bhir'''ean''''' "men", ''bhir'''t''''' "guy, bro", ''bhir'''c''''' "old man"

* {{l|aoid|aoid}} "child" > ''aoid'''ean''''' "children", ''aoid'''et''''' "sissy, coward", ''aoid'''eac''''' "older child between 7-12 years of age"

* {{l|aoid|uind}} "dog" > ''uind'''ean''''' "dogs", ''uind'''et''''' "puppy", ''uind'''eac''''' "hound"

==Notes==

[[Category:Aoid language]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]]

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 Aoid has 19 consonant phonemes (''sonáintean''). These consonants are split into two categories; the "strong" (''díoch'') consonants and "lean" (''sbhaelte'') or [[w:Palatalization|palatalised]] consonants (cf. Irish [[w:Irish phonology#Consonants|broad and slender]] consonants).
 {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
-! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | !! colspan=2 | Labial !! colspan=2 | Coronal !! colspan=2 | Dorsal
+! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | !! colspan=2 | Labial !! colspan=2 | Coronal !! colspan=2 | Dorsal !! rowspan=2 | Glottal
 |-
 ! strong !! lean !! strong !! lean !! strong !! lean
 |-
 ! colspan=2 | Nasal
-| m || mʲ || n || ɲ || ŋ || (ŋʲ)
+| m || mʲ || n || ɲ || ŋ || (ŋʲ) ||
 |-
 ! rowspan=2 | Stop
 ! <small>voiceless</small>
-| p || pʲ || t || tʲ || k || kʲ
+| p || pʲ || t || tʲ || k || kʲ ||
 |-
 ! <small>voiced</small>
-| b || bʲ || d || dʲ || g || gʲ~dʒ
+| b || bʲ || d || dʲ || g || gʲ~dʒ ||
 |-
 ! rowspan=2 | Fricative
 ! <small>voiceless</small>
-| f || fʲ || s || ʃ || x || ç
+| f || fʲ || s || ʃ || x || ç || h
 |-
 ! <small>voiced</small>
-| rowspan=2 | ʋ || vʲ || (z) || || ||
+| rowspan=2 | ʋ || vʲ || (z) || || || ||
 |-
 ! rowspan=2 | Approximant
 ! <small>central</small>
-| || ɾ || ɾʲ || ||
+| || ɾ || ɾʲ || || ||
 |-
 ! <small>lateral</small>
-| || || l || lʲ || ||
+| || || l || lʲ || || ||
 |}
 /z/ only appears phonemically in a couple words, such as '''''Z'''ámóftach'' "[[w:Zamenhof Day|Zamenhof Day]]", as well as as an [[#Elition|elition]] of /d/; as an elition of /d/, it can sometimes be pronounced as [[w:Voiced dental fricative|voiced dental fricative]] /ð/, especially among older and/or secular speakers. /ŋʲ/ appears as a nasal assimilative allophone before lean dorsal stops, i.e. /kʲ, gʲ~dʒ/, though the status of this allophone is controversial as some have described the phone as closer to a palatal nasal /ɲ/.
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 ===Nouns===
 Aoid nouns are divided into three classes: class 1, class 2 and class 3.
+Class 1 nouns are nouns that use [[w:Ablaut|ablaut]] to pluralise, e.g.:
+* {{l|aoid|tach}} "day" > ''t'''ai'''g'' "days"
+* {{l|aoid|niabh}} "boy" > ''ni'''au'''bh'' "boys"
+* {{l|aoid|dán}} "Dane, idiot" > ''d'''ái'''n'' "Danes"
+Class 2 nouns use the suffix {{l|aoid|-ean}} or {{l|aoid|-an}} to pluralise, with regular augmentative infixes ''-(e)(a)c-'' and diminutive ''-(e)t-''.
+* {{l|aoid|bhir}} "man" > ''bhir'''ean''''' "men", ''bhir'''t''''' "guy, bro", ''bhir'''c''''' "old man"
+* {{l|aoid|aoid}} "child" > ''aoid'''ean''''' "children", ''aoid'''et''''' "sissy, coward", ''aoid'''eac''''' "older child between 7-12 years of age"
+* {{l|aoid|uind}} "dog" > ''uind'''ean''''' "dogs", ''uind'''et''''' "puppy", ''uind'''eac''''' "hound"
 ==Notes==
 <references group="lower-alpha"/>
 [[Category:Aoid language]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]]