Skylandic: Difference between revisions

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| altname = Himmeldeutsch, Ciellandais

| nativename = Chiveduts

| pronunciation = ɕiv.dy

| pronunciation = ɕiv.dy ~ ʃɪv.dʏ

| pronunciationkey = Help:IPA

| creator = Kazu Inoue

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'''Skylandic''' (''Chiveduts''~~, pronounced~~ [ɕiv.dy]) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe. It is the national and official language of Skyland, the floating country above the Germany-France border. It is also the co-official language of Germany, France, Liechtenstein, Austria, Belgium and Switzerland; a recognized minority language in Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Great Britain; and one of the official languages of the European Language Round Table (ELRT) alongside English, German, France, Neallish, Irish, Italian and Spanish.

'''Skylandic''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''Chiveduts''; Skylandic: [[IPA for Skylandic|[ɕiv.dy]]]) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe. It is the national and official language of Skyland, the floating country above the Germany-France border. It is also the co-official language of Germany, France, Liechtenstein, Austria, Belgium and Switzerland; a recognized minority language in Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Great Britain; and one of the official languages of the European Language Round Table (ELRT) alongside English, German, France, Neallish, Irish, Italian and Spanish. It is the only member of the Aerial Germanic subfamily.

It has over 1.5 million native speakers and over 200,000 L2 (or second language) speakers. A majority of its native speakers live in Skyland, Germany and France. It has two major dialects — the '''''Bernstein''''' and '''''Primétoilean''''' dialects. The Bernstein dialect is spoken by the people living in the east German-side of the country while the Primétoilean dialect is spoken in the west French-side of the country. The Bernstein dialect has more native Germanic words and German calques while the Primétoilean dialect has more French loanwords and calques.

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PGmc *swotuz → Skylandic "sœuz" [sø] (sweet)

● Monosyllabic /ə/ from French loans → /ø/

French "que" → Skylandic "que" [kø] (''~~conjunctive~~'' that)

French "que" → Skylandic "que" [kø] (''conjunction'' that)

● *ī /i:/ → ui /ɥi/

PGmc *rīdaną → Skylandic "ruiten" [ʁɥi.tɑ̃] (to ride)

==Phonology==

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'''1.''' /ɕ ʑ/ are often realized and pronounced as [ʃ ʒ], especially by younger native speakers and are nice approximates for learners.

'''2.''' /ʁ/ is often and validly approximated as either [ɾ] or [ɹ]. In fact, dialects outside of Skyland has it as their proper rhotic consonant.

'''3.''' The ELRT discourages approximating /ɥ/ as [w], for there are some minimal pairs involving these phonemes.

'''3.''' /ʁ/ after vowels is often vocalized as [Vɐ̯] diphthongs in the Bernstein dialect, mostly because of its proximity to Germany and a high number of German descents. Thus "maire" (more) is often pronounced in the Bernstein region as [mɛɐ̯].

'''4.''' Syllable- and/or word-final /l/ can be validly approximated as [ɫ]. Though, natives rarely do it.

'''4.''' The ELRT discourages approximating /ɥ/ as [w], for there are some minimal pairs involving these phonemes.

'''5.''' Syllable- and/or word-final /l/ can be validly approximated as [ɫ]. Though, natives rarely do it.

=== Vowel Inventories ===

'''~~Modal Vowels~~'''

'''MODAL VOWELS'''

[[File:SKLmodvowels.png|450px|frameless|none]]

'''~~ALLOPHONES~~'''

'''Allophones'''

'''1.''' The vowels /i u y/ are often realized as [ɪ ʊ ʏ] inside orthographically closed syllables.

'''2.''' The central mid vowel /ə/ is often pronounced as either [ɘ] or [ø] in stressed syllables, and especially in monosyllabic words like « le » and « de ».

'''3.''' The phoneme sequence /ɛʁ/ is pronounced as the vowel [ɐ] when it comes before a consonant or as a syllable coda. This allophone is most prominent in the Bernstein regional dialects.

'''3.''' The phoneme sequence /ɛʁ/ is pronounced as the vowel [ɐ] when it comes before a consonant or as a syllable coda. This allophone is most prominent in the Bernstein regional dialects.

'''~~Nasal Vowels~~'''

'''NASAL VOWELS'''

[[File:SKLNvowels.png|450px|frameless|none]]

'''~~ALLOPHONES~~'''

'''Allophones'''

'''1.''' /ɔ̃/ is sometimes pronounced as [õ], and /ɛ̃/ is sometimes pronounced as a more open [æ̃].

'''2.''' Contrary to some dialects of French, /ɑ̃/ is never rounded and is still pronounced as [ɑ̃]. Though, some dialects ~~proonounce~~ it as a front [ã].

'''2.''' Contrary to some dialects of French, /ɑ̃/ is never rounded and is still pronounced as [ɑ̃]. Though, some dialects pronounce it as a front [ã].

'''3.''' There are a few dialects that pronounced the final « -en » /ɑ̃/ of verbs as [ɐ̃].

=== Liaison and Enchaînement ===

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 | altname = Himmeldeutsch, Ciellandais
 | nativename = Chiveduts
-| pronunciation = ɕiv.dy
+| pronunciation = ɕiv.dy ~ ʃɪv.dʏ
 | pronunciationkey = Help:IPA
 | creator = Kazu Inoue
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 -->
-'''Skylandic''' (''Chiveduts'', pronounced [ɕiv.dy]) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe. It is the national and official language of Skyland, the floating country above the Germany-France border. It is also the co-official language of Germany, France, Liechtenstein, Austria, Belgium and Switzerland; a recognized minority language in Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Great Britain; and one of the official languages of the European Language Round Table (ELRT) alongside English, German, France, Neallish, Irish, Italian and Spanish.
+'''Skylandic''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''Chiveduts''; <small>Skylandic:</small> [[IPA for Skylandic|[ɕiv.dy]]]) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe. It is the national and official language of Skyland, the floating country above the Germany-France border. It is also the co-official language of Germany, France, Liechtenstein, Austria, Belgium and Switzerland; a recognized minority language in Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Great Britain; and one of the official languages of the European Language Round Table (ELRT) alongside English, German, France, Neallish, Irish, Italian and Spanish. It is the only member of the Aerial Germanic subfamily.
 It has over 1.5 million native speakers and over 200,000 L2 (or second language) speakers. A majority of its native speakers live in Skyland, Germany and France. It has two major dialects — the '''''Bernstein''''' and '''''Primétoilean''''' dialects. The Bernstein dialect is spoken by the people living in the east German-side of the country while the Primétoilean dialect is spoken in the west French-side of the country. The Bernstein dialect has more native Germanic words and German calques while the Primétoilean dialect has more French loanwords and calques.
@@ Line 155: / Line 155: @@
 PGmc *swotuz → Skylandic "sœuz" [sø] (sweet) <br> <br>
 ● Monosyllabic /ə/ from French loans → /ø/ <br>
-French "que" → Skylandic "que" [kø] (''conjunctive'' that) <br> <br>
+French "que" → Skylandic "que" [kø] (''conjunction'' that) <br> <br>
+● *ī /i:/ → ui /ɥi/ <br>
+PGmc *rīdaną → Skylandic "ruiten" [ʁɥi.tɑ̃] (to ride) <br> <br>
 ==Phonology==
@@ Line 176: / Line 178: @@
 '''1.''' /ɕ ʑ/ are often realized and pronounced as [ʃ ʒ], especially by younger native speakers and are nice approximates for learners.  <br>
 '''2.''' /ʁ/ is often and validly approximated as either [ɾ] or [ɹ]. In fact, dialects outside of Skyland has it as their proper rhotic consonant. <br>
-'''3.''' The ELRT discourages approximating /ɥ/ as [w], for there are some minimal pairs involving these phonemes. <br>
+'''3.''' /ʁ/ after vowels is often vocalized as [Vɐ̯] diphthongs in the Bernstein dialect, mostly because of its proximity to Germany and a high number of German descents. Thus "maire" (<i>more</i>) is often pronounced in the Bernstein region as [mɛɐ̯].<br>
-'''4.''' Syllable- and/or word-final /l/ can be validly approximated as [ɫ]. Though, natives rarely do it.
+'''4.''' The ELRT discourages approximating /ɥ/ as [w], for there are some minimal pairs involving these phonemes. <br>
+'''5.''' Syllable- and/or word-final /l/ can be validly approximated as [ɫ]. Though, natives rarely do it.
 === Vowel Inventories ===
-'''Modal Vowels'''
+'''MODAL VOWELS'''
 [[File:SKLmodvowels.png|450px|frameless|none]]
-'''ALLOPHONES'''<br>
+'''Allophones'''<br>
 '''1.''' The vowels /i u y/ are often realized as [ɪ ʊ ʏ] inside orthographically closed syllables.<br>
 '''2.''' The central mid vowel /ə/ is often pronounced as either [ɘ] or [ø] in stressed syllables, and especially in monosyllabic words like « le » and « de ». <br>
-'''3.''' The phoneme sequence /ɛʁ/ is pronounced as the vowel [ɐ] when it comes before a consonant or as a syllable coda. This allophone is most prominent in the Bernstein regional dialects.<br>
+'''3.''' The phoneme sequence /ɛʁ/ is pronounced as the vowel [ɐ] when it comes before a consonant or as a syllable coda. This allophone is most prominent in the Bernstein regional dialects.<br><br>
-'''Nasal Vowels'''
+'''NASAL VOWELS'''
 [[File:SKLNvowels.png|450px|frameless|none]]
-'''ALLOPHONES'''<br>
+'''Allophones'''<br>
 '''1.''' /ɔ̃/ is sometimes pronounced as [õ], and /ɛ̃/ is sometimes pronounced as a more open [æ̃]. <br>
-'''2.''' Contrary to some dialects of French, /ɑ̃/ is never rounded and is still pronounced as [ɑ̃]. Though, some dialects proonounce it as a front [ã].
+'''2.''' Contrary to some dialects of French, /ɑ̃/ is never rounded and is still pronounced as [ɑ̃]. Though, some dialects pronounce it as a front [ã].<br>
+'''3.''' There are a few dialects that pronounced the final « -en » /ɑ̃/ of verbs as [ɐ̃].
 === Liaison and Enchaînement ===