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| ***[[Kolasian]]† | | ***[[Kolasian]]† |
| ****[[Erqhomis]] | | ****[[Erqhomis]] |
| ****[[Tonsian]]
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| ***[[Ancient Tevvic]] | | ***[[Ancient Tevvic]] |
| ****[[Tevvic]] | | ****[[Tevvic]] |
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| ===Lexicography=== | | ===Lexicography=== |
| The following is a very brief selection of cognates in basic vocabulary across the Chlesamnic family, which may serve to give an idea of the sound changes involved. This is not a list of translations: cognates have a common origin, but their meaning may be shifted and loanwords may have replaced them. | | The following is a very brief selection of cognates in basic vocabulary across the Chlesamnic family, which may serve to give an idea of the sound changes involved. This is not a list of translations: cognates have a common origin, but their meaning may be shifted and loanwords may have replaced them. |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |- style="font-weight:bold;"
| |
| ! English
| |
| ! Proto-Chleslamic
| |
| ! Classical Maritsan
| |
| ! Ancient Tevvic
| |
| ! colspan="2" | Kolasian
| |
| ! Old Thadish
| |
| ! Old Low Polovic
| |
| ! Old Fylfathic
| |
| |-
| |
| ! I (pronoun)
| |
| | {{lang|chle-pro|*ať}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|ατς}}<br/>({{lang|mari|aț}})
| |
| | {{l|tevo|अ॑च्|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|अ॑च्}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѣк̑ъ}}<br />(''{{lang|thld|ěk’}}'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|атъ}}<br />(''{{lang|plld|at}}'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|اکِ}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|aǩ}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! thou
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*θū}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|θυι}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|θy}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|थू॑|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|थू॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѳꙋ}}<br />(''θu'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|бꙋ}}<br />(''bu'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|ثو}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|ṯu}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! we
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*wais}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|ϝαϊς}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|wais}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|वैः॑|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|वैः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѵѣ}}<br />(''wě'')
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| | {{lang|plld|вѣсъ}}<br />(''věs'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|فيَس}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|fes}}'')
| |
| |-
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| ! you
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*yūs}}
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| | {{lang|mari|ιυις}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|jys}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|युः॑|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|यूः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
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| | {{lang|thld|юу}}<br />(''ju'')
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| | {{lang|plld|юусъ}}<br />(''jus'')
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| | {{l|oflf|يُس}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|üs}}'')
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| |-
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| ! one
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*áinas}}
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| | {{lang|mari|αινας}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|ainas}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|ऐ॑णंः|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|ऐ॑णंः}}'')
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| | colspan="2" | —
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| | {{lang|thld|ѣнѣ}}<br />(''ěně'')
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| | {{lang|plld|ѣнасъ}}<br />(''ěnas'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|يَناس}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|enas}}'')
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| |-
| |
| ! two
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*θwai}}, {{lang|chle-pro|*θwes}}
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| | {{lang|mari|θϝε}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|θwe}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|थ्वॅः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|थ्वॅः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѳѵѣ}}, {{lang|thld|ѳꙋѣ}}<br />(''θwe'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|бесъ}}<br />(''bes'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|سپيَ}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|spe}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! three
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*θráyas}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|θραια}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|θraja}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|ठाः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|ठाः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
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| | {{lang|thld|ѳрѣꙗ}}<br />(''θrěja'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|браꙗсъ}}<br />(''brajas'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|ثراس}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|ṯras}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! who
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*hwas}}
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| | {{lang|mari|χα}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|xā}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|ह्वः॑|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|ह्वः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | —
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| | {{lang|thld|хѵѣ}}, {{lang|thld|хꙋѣ}}<br />(''xwě'')
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| | {{lang|plld|хасъ}}<br />(''xas'')
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| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
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| |-
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| ! what
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*hwat}}
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| | {{lang|mari|χας}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|xa}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|ह्व॑त्|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|ह्व॑त्}}'')
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| | colspan="2" | —
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| | {{lang|thld|хѵѣтъ}}, {{lang|thld|хꙋѣтъ}}<br />(''xwět'')
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| | {{lang|plld|хатъ}}<br />(''xat'')
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| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
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| |-
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| ! eye
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*ahš}}, {{lang|chle-pro|*áham}}
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| | {{lang|mari|ασισια}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|aśśa}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|अ॑ष|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|अ॑ष}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | ཨཧྨ<br />(''áhm'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѣхѧ}}<br />(''ěxę̌'')
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| | {{lang|plld|ашѫ}}<br />(''ašǫ'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! ear
| |
| | {{lang|chle-pro|*óus}}, {{lang|chle-pro|*óusam}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|οουσαν}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|ousą}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|ऊ॑ष|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|ऊ॑ष}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | ཨོཨུས<br />(''óus'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѻсѧ}}, {{lang|thld|ѡсѧ}}<br />(''osę̌'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|ѡсѫ}}<br />(''ōsǫ'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! mouth; lips
| |
| | {{lang|chle-pro|*ốs}}, {{lang|chle-pro|*ốsam}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|ως}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|ōs}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|औ॑ष|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|औ॑ष}}'')
| |
| | ཨཽས<br />(''ōs'')
| |
| | ཨཽསྨ<br />(''ōsm'')
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| | {{lang|thld|ѣсѧ}}<br />(''ěsę̌'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|ꙋсѫ}}<br />(''usǫ'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
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| |-
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| ! cheek
| |
| | {{lang|chle-pro|*wánhas}}, {{lang|chle-pro|*wánham}}
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| | {{lang|mari|ϝανιαν}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|wanją}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|व॑ग्ग|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|व॑ग्ग}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | ཝངྶ<br />(''vángs'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѵѣнхѧ}}, {{lang|thld|ꙋѣнхѧ}}<br />(''wěnxę̌'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|вѫжѫ}}<br />(''vǫžǫ'')
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| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
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| ! nose; nostrils
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*nā́sā}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|νασα}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|nāsā}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|ना॑सा|tr=-}}</br>(''{{xlit|tevo|ना॑सा}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | ནས<br />(''nâs'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|наса}}<br />(''nasa'')
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| | {{lang|plld|наса}}<br />(''nasa'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! red
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*rauδás}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|ϝουρμιθονας}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|wurmiθonas}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|रौधः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|रौधः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | རཝྡས<br />(''ravdás'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|рѣдѣ}}<br />(''rědě'')
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| | {{lang|plld|рѡбасъ}}<br />(''rōbas'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! green
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| | rowspan=2 | {{lang|chle-pro|*halgwás}}
| |
| | {{lang|mari|χρονις}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|xrǫjs}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|षंल्ग्वः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|षंल्ग्वः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | ཧགས྄<br />(''hagás'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|хѣлгѵѣ}}, {{lang|thld|хѣлгꙋѣ}}<br />(''xělgwě'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|жалгасъ}}<br />(''žalgas'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
| |
| ! yellow
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| | {{lang|mari|φλιεϝας}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|fljewas}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|फ्लॅवः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|फ्लॅवः॑}}'')
| |
| | colspan="2" | <br />('' '')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|}}<br />('' '')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|}}<br />('' '')
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| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
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| ! blue
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*hāzwás}}
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| | {{lang|mari|χαζϝα}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|xāzwa}}'')
| |
| | {{l|tevo|हाज़्वः॑|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|हाज़्वः॑}}'')
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| | colspan="2" | ཝས<br />(''vás'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|хаꙁѵѣ}}, {{lang|thld|хаꙁꙋѣ}}<br />(''xazwě'')
| |
| | {{lang|plld|жаꙁвасъ}}<br />(''žazvas'')
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| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |-
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| ! brown
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| | {{lang|chle-pro|*θúsnas}}
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| | {{lang|mari|αρφανς}}<br/>(''{{lang|mari|arfąs}}'')
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| | {{l|tevo|थु॑नंः|tr=-}}<br />(''{{xlit|tevo|थु॑नंः}}'')
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| | colspan="2" | ཏུནས<br />(''túnås'')
| |
| | {{lang|thld|ѳѵꙑсѵѣ}}, {{lang|thld|ѳꙋꙑсꙋѣ}}<br />(''θwyswě'')
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| | {{lang|plld|бꙋснасъ}}<br />(''busnas'')
| |
| | {{l|oflf|}}<br/>(''{{lang|oflf|}}'')
| |
| |}
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| [[Category:Chlesamnic languages]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Language families]][[Category: Indo-European_languages]][[Category: A_posteriori]] | | [[Category:Chlesamnic languages]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Language families]][[Category: Indo-European_languages]][[Category: A_posteriori]] |