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'''Camalanàbha''' (Modern [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Padmanábha|Padmanábha]]: /'kæm.l̩.'niə.b̥e/) or '''Camalapradhàna''' is a [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Camalic|Camalic]] language inspired by Sanskrit. It is a major source of loans in [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Bhadhagha|Bhadhagha]]. | |||
* '' | == Diachronics == | ||
* '' | Camalanàbha should be conservative | ||
PCam -oi, -ia > e, -e > -0, -o > a?, -oyi, -oyī > -aì | |||
e o > a á (stealing from actual Sanskrit diachronics somewhat) | |||
== Lexicon == | |||
* ''shumushumunucunucubhàpubhafha'' = humuhunukunukuāpua'a | |||
* ''sadhbhàvana'' = sweet food, dessert | |||
* ''meadhbh, meadhbhàvana'' = alcoholic drinks | |||
* ''ghamh-, ghaomh-, ghumh, ghuamh-'' = to be (like Irish ''tá'') | |||
** prefixed to verbs for the progressive aspect, like Aramaic ''qa'' | |||
* ''seao-'' = self | |||
* ''seaoghamh'' = self-existing | |||
* ''seaoghamhsa'' = universe, nature | |||
* ''libhe'' "to want" | |||
* ''Camalanàbha'' = Camalic language | |||
* ''sthàna, stha'' = (you polite pronoun) | |||
* ''stèbhana'' = country | |||
* ''sra(n)-'' = agentive | * ''sra(n)-'' = agentive | ||
* ''sraimh'' = person | * ''sraimh'' = person | ||
* '' | * ''èngh'' = to create | ||
* ''sandhacht'' = to specialize | * ''sandhacht'' = to specialize | ||
* ''bhadha'' = sea | * ''bhadha'' = sea | ||
* ''gha'' = edge | * ''gha'' = edge | ||
* '' | * ''evad'' = cat | ||
* ''sphùrta'' = curiosity | * ''sphùrta'' = curiosity | ||
* ''prathama'' = red | |||
* ''antima'' = violet | |||
* ''phrùmlach'' = dulcimer | |||
* ''saphalatà'' = pasta guitar | |||
* ''sumucha'' = flute | |||
* ''bhishe'' = big | |||
* ''sava'' = island | |||
* ''vaonda'' = cave | |||
* ''creaobh'' = sleep | |||
* ''lèdhamh'' = concept, idea | |||
* ''dheaona'' = color | |||
* ''sthàma'' = fury | |||
* ''-adh'' = forms adverbs | |||
* ''abh(i)-'' = -ful | |||
* ''pari(n)-'' = -less, un- | |||
* ''gustav'' = king | |||
* ''rughach'' = love | |||
* ''gangà'' = river | |||
* ''cofh'' = sky | |||
* ''sthusha'' = cloud | |||
* ''dhàrana'' = rain | |||
* ''laesh'' = snow | |||
* ''seoraì'' = frost | |||
* ''uabhtha'' = moon | |||
* ''ètha'' = sun | |||
* ''abhiatha'' = sunny | |||
* ''mhinna'' = star | |||
* ''bhèda'' = flame | |||
* ''sandarbha'' = to end | |||
* ''darbha'' = end | |||
* ''paridarbha'' = endless | |||
* ''pàridarbhav'' = infinity | |||
* ''sambhatsara'' = to burst | |||
* ''àsthàpa'' = world | |||
* ''pratisthàpana'' = (spinning) top | |||
* ''sansthàpana'' = to set in motion | |||
* ''aemhush'' = ant | |||
* ''dhaolba'' = fly (insect) | |||
* ''samasta'' = moth | |||
* ''vàrutha'' = spider | |||
* ''gathsha'' = beetle | |||
* ''pralaobha'' = larva | |||
* ''uarimh'' = yellowjacket | |||
* ''duvar'' = hawk | |||
* ''sepach'' = eagle | |||
* ''mhaedhas'' = robin | |||
* ''sancasrita'' = to nest | |||
* ''dàcha'' = duck | |||
* ''scòbhar'' = bluejay | |||
* ''sthambha'' = crow | |||
* ''gaocha'' = raven | |||
* ''simhiùl'' = heron | |||
* ''snuathrilach'' = elephant | |||
* ''nàlach'' = swan | |||
* ''sphiamh'' = fly (verb) | |||
* ''badhan'' = swim | |||
* ''apròsha'' = drive (verb) | |||
* ''mangala'' = exit (verb) | |||
** ''Mangalàsàsana'' = Brexit | |||
* ''suprabhàta'' = courtyard | |||
* ''nasa'' = space | |||
* ''vinàsa'' = to enlarge | |||
* ''tràna'' = hope | |||
* ''paritràna'' = hopeless | |||
* ''tleao'' = window | |||
* ''dhùrva'' = to twist | |||
* ''sruchal'' = to drag | |||
* ''bhreodh'' = street | |||
* ''om...'' = um... | |||
* ''ghlaev'' = load | |||
* ''dremhach'' = north | |||
* ''rushv'' = west | |||
* ''vaolèr'' = east | |||
* ''tiana'' = south | |||
* ''sthama'' = black | |||
==Todo== | |||
''srutabòdha''; ''pradhàna''; ''pràrambha''; ''pratimanthana''; ''pratibimba'' | |||
''Mèghadùta'', ''Cumàrasambhava'', ''Ritusamhàra'', ''Càlidàsa''? | |||
Scèashar Tàbha: a fictional explorer, like Robinson Crusoe? | |||
''seaothàna''? | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
p ph b bh t th d dh c ch g gh m mh n l r v s sh h (mh sounds like Sanskrit m with underdot) | |||
a e i o u à è ì ò ù ao ae ia ua aì eo èa eà eao iu iù oì uì | |||
==Alphabet== | |||
Camalic uses a native writing system called ''Camalabhadra''. It's a Brahmic-style abugida with separate letters for unaspirated and aspirated consonants. | |||
==Grammar== | |||
Camalanàbha is an agglutinative, ergative, head-final language. | |||
The three core cases are absolutive, ergative, dative, and genitive. Other morphological cases arise from a suffixed preposition on one of these three cases, and many more "case" markers exist that are not morphological cases (read: postpositions). | |||
* ''nàbha'' 'speech (abs)' | |||
* ''nàbhala'' 'speech (erg)' | |||
* ''nàbhe'' 'speech (dat)' | |||
* ''nàbhaì'' 'speech (gen)' | |||
* ''sraimh'' 'person (abs)' | |||
* ''sraimhal'' 'person (erg)' | |||
* ''sraimhi'' 'person (dat)' | |||
* ''sraimhì'' 'person (gen)' | |||
Plurals are formed by ''-ava'' or ''-àna''. | |||
==Cognates in Skézaric== | |||
<!-- | |||
Inspiration: Loosely "Sanskrito-Thai with Tíogall vowels", but the stops shift like p ph b bh -> b v pʰ pʰ rather than b pʰ pʰ pʰ as in Thai | |||
mh -> ŋ | |||
f fh s sh -> f v s z | |||
ch -> IPA /j/ (written y); sch -> IPA /x/ (written χ) | |||
When ch is in the coda of an unstressed syllable though, it disappears. | |||
The unstressed vowels are a e i u | |||
Grammar: specified nouns are marked with an article "i", like Lushootseed "ti"; unspecified nouns are unmarked | |||
--> | |||
ǫ ę ǫ̈ = /ɔ ɛ œ/, acute = long vowel | |||
<!-- final -s in Camalic becomes -d, but final -sV becomes -s --> | |||
* náp Gamal = Camalic language | |||
* stépan = country | |||
* sra- = agentive | |||
* sreŋ = person | |||
* ík = to create -> to make -> to do | |||
* santaid = to specialize | |||
* pat = sea -> water -> drink | |||
* ka = edge -> cliff | |||
* evad = cat | |||
* fúrd = curiosity | |||
* braδam = green | |||
* vrúmla = dulcimer | |||
* savlada = pasta guitar | |||
* sumu = flute | |||
* koz = big (randomly changed) | |||
* sav = island | |||
* vǫ́nd = cave | |||
* grǫ́b = sleep | |||
* lítaŋ = concept, idea | |||
* tö́n = color | |||
* θám = fury | |||
* -ek = forms adverbs | |||
* pi = full of | |||
* bar = without | |||
* stab = king (shortened from *custab) | |||
* rǘka = love | |||
* kaŋ = river | |||
* gov = sky | |||
* θuz = cloud | |||
* táran = rain | |||
* lę́d = snow | |||
* sö́ri = hail | |||
* uavaδ = moon | |||
* éδ = sun | |||
* apiδ = sunny | |||
* ŋin = star | |||
* pét = flame | |||
* santarp = to end | |||
* tarp = end | |||
* bar tarp = without end | |||
* bartarpav = infinity | |||
* sampatsar = to burst | |||
* aθab = world | |||
* radiθab = (spinning) top | |||
* sanθab = to set in motion | |||
* ę́ŋuz = ant | |||
* tǫ́lb = fly (insect) | |||
* samast = moth | |||
* váruδ = spider | |||
* caδaz = beetle | |||
* ralö́p = larva (the prefix pra- always becomes ra-) | |||
* füariŋ = yellowjacket | |||
* tuvar = hawk | |||
* seba = eagle | |||
* ŋétaz = robin | |||
* saŋgasrid = to nest | |||
* tá = duck | |||
* skópar = bluejay | |||
* kǫ́ = raven | |||
** kǫ́δasan = nevermore | |||
* θamp = crow | |||
* sŋǘl = heron | |||
* snuaδrila = elephant | |||
* nála = swan | |||
* fiaŋ = fly (verb) | |||
* patan = swim | |||
* abróz = drive (verb) (or should it be bróz?) | |||
* maŋkal = exit (verb) | |||
* surapád = courtyard <!-- (the -pra- becomes -ra- because it's the prefix) --> | |||
* nas = space | |||
* vinás = to enlarge | |||
* drán = hope | |||
* bar drán = hopeless | |||
* dlǫ̈́ = window | |||
* túrav = to twist | |||
* srúl = to drag | |||
* prid = street | |||
* clę́b = load <!-- note: final -fh becomes -b but final -fhV becomes -v --> | |||
* treŋa = north | |||
* ruzab = west | |||
* vǫ́lir = east | |||
* dian = south | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Tricin]]{{pri}} | |||