Æ: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:32, 27 November 2024

Æ (natively jạrˀ Æ [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ eh) is an Angaian monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese (and the name is inspired by the real-world E language). It belongs to the Rieñ-Zrâtt language family and is related to Trây which is a Khmer-like language with initial clusters condensed into clicks.

Diachronics sketch

Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ

Broad phonology

Initials

b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0 /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/

Medials

-r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.

Vowels

Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/

Finals

-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -ŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -ŋ͡mʔ/

Origins of finals

-0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)
-v comes from older -w (tone A), -wʔ (tone B), -f (tone C), -p -wə(final stop) (tone D)
-j comes from older -j (tone A), -jʔ (tone B), -ç (tone C), -c -jə(final stop) (tone D)
-d comes from older -ð -l (tone A), -ðʔ -lʔ (tone B), -þ (tone C), -t -ðə(final stop) -lə(final stop) (tone D)
-r comes from older -r (tone A), -rʔ (tone B), -s (tone C), -q -rə(final stop) (tone D)
-n from -n -ɲ sometimes -ŋ (add ʔ or final fric as necessary for tones B or C), -nə(final stop) -ɲə(final stop) -ŋə(final stop) (tone D)
-m from -m sometimes -ŋ (add ʔ or final fric as necessary for tones B or C), -mə(final stop) -ŋə(final stop) (tone D)

(Posttonic syllables after nonresonants are lost without a trace)

Tones

8 tones, 2 of which have stød

Tone box

Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)

	A (null/voiced coda)	B (glottal stop coda)	C (fricative coda)	D (voiceless stop coda)
Modal initial	a	á	ả	áˀ
Breathy initial	à	ạ	ã	ạˀ

Narrow phonology

Steal from Danish narrow phonology as much as possible

Initials

Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.

Rimes with no -r- medial

		Nucleus
		/æː/	/æ/	/ɛ/	/œ/	/ɔ/	/e/	/ø/	/o/	/i/	/y/	/u/	/ɨː/	/ɨ/
Coda	/0/	[ɛː] a	-	[eː] æ	[œ̝ː] æ̊	[ɔ̽ː] å	[e̝ː] e	[øː] ø	[o̝ː] o	[iː] i	[yː] y	[uː] ů	[ɨː] u	-
	/j(ʔ)/	[ɛːj] aj	[ɑ̈j] ăj	-	-	[ɒ̽ːj] åj	-	-	[oːj] oj	-	-	[uːj] ůj	[ɨːj] uj	[əj] ŭj
	/w(ʔ)/	[ɛːw] av	[æw] ăv	[eːw] æv	[œːw] æ̊v	[ɔ̽ːw] åv	[e̝ːw] ev	[øːw] øv	-	[iːw] iv	[yːw] yv	-	[ɨːw] uv	[əw] ŭv
	/ð(ʔ)/	[ɛːð̠˕ˠ] ad	[æð̠˕ˠ] ăd	[eːð̠˕ˠ] æd	[œ̝ːð̠˕ˠ] æ̊d	[ɔ̽ːð̠˕ˠ] åd	[e̝ːð̠˕ˠ] ed	[øːð̠˕ˠ] ød	[o̝ːð̠˕ˠ] od	[iːð̠˕ˠ] id	[yːð̠˕ˠ] yd	[uːð̠˕ˠ] ůd	[ð̩˕˗ˠː] ud	[əð̠˕ˠ] ŭd
	/ɐ̯(ʔ)/	[ɑ̈ː] ar	[ɑ̈ː] ăr	[eːɒ̯̽] ær	[œːɒ̯̽] æ̊r	[ɒ̝ː] år	[e̝ːɒ̯̽] er	[øːɒ̯̽] ør	[o̝ːɒ̯̽] or	[iːɒ̯̽] ir	[yːɒ̯̽] yr	[uːɒ̯̽] ůr	[ɨːɒ̯̽] ur	[əɒ̯̽] ŭr
	/ŋ(ʔ)/	[ɛ̃ː] an	[ãː] ăn
	/ŋ͡m(ʔ)/	[ɛ̃ːw̃~ɛːw̃] am	[æ̃w̃~æw̃] ăm
	/ʔ/	[ɛːʔ] aˀ	[æʔ] ăˀ

Grammar

Polar questions

Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.

Mæ̣rˀ húd med blảj Æ? / Mæ̣rˀ húd blảj Æ med?

2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP

Are you Æ?

Poetry

Lục bát (with the same rules as in Vietnamese lục bát) is the most common poetic form

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Frjeongeor''' is a Pfiunic language inspired by Sino-Korean and Swedish.
+:[[Æ/Lexicon]]
-==Todo==
+'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrˀ Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is an [[Verse:Angai|Angai]]an monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese (and the name is inspired by the real-world E language). It belongs to the Rieñ-Zrâtt language family and is related to [[Trây]] which is a Khmer-like language with initial clusters condensed into clicks.
--ý > -a (e.g. Germanic Frjeongeor: vý > wa 'woe', ''sný'' > ''sna'' 'snow', ''tvý'' > twa 'two')
-==Frjeongeormin==
+== Diachronics sketch ==
-*Capital = Homan
+Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ
+== Broad phonology ==
+=== Initials ===
+'''b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/
+=== Medials ===
+-r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.
+=== Vowels ===
+Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/
+=== Finals ===
+-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -ŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -ŋ͡mʔ/
+==== Origins of finals ====
+* -0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)
+* -v comes from older -w (tone A), -wʔ (tone B), -f (tone C), -p -wə(final stop) (tone D)
+* -j comes from older -j (tone A), -jʔ (tone B), -ç (tone C), -c -jə(final stop) (tone D)
+* -d comes from older -ð -l (tone A), -ðʔ -lʔ (tone B), -þ (tone C), -t -ðə(final stop) -lə(final stop) (tone D)
+* -r comes from older -r (tone A), -rʔ (tone B), -s (tone C), -q -rə(final stop) (tone D)
+* -n from -n -ɲ sometimes -ŋ (add ʔ or final fric as necessary for tones B or C), -nə(final stop) -ɲə(final stop) -ŋə(final stop) (tone D)
+* -m from -m sometimes -ŋ (add ʔ or final fric as necessary for tones B or C), -mə(final stop) -ŋə(final stop) (tone D)
+(Posttonic syllables after nonresonants are lost without a trace)
+=== Tones ===
+tones, 2 of which have stød
+==== Tone box ====
+Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)
+{| class="wikitable"
+!
+!A (null/voiced coda)
+!B (glottal stop coda)
+!C (fricative coda)
+!D (voiceless stop coda)
+|-
+!Modal initial
+|a
+|á
+|ả
+|áˀ
+|-
+!Breathy initial
+|à
+|ạ
+|ã
+|ạˀ
+|}
+== Narrow phonology ==
+Steal from Danish narrow phonology as much as possible
+=== Initials ===
+Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.
+=== Rimes with no -r- medial ===
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
+|-
+! rowspan=2 colspan=2 |
+! colspan="13"|Nucleus
+|-
+!/æː/
+!/æ/
+!/ɛ/
+!/œ/
+!/ɔ/
+!/e/
+!/ø/
+!/o/
+!/i/
+!/y/
+!/u/
+!/ɨː/
+!/ɨ/
+|-
+! rowspan="8"|Coda
+! /0/
+| [ɛː]<br/>''a''
+| -
+| [eː]<br/>''æ''
+| [œ̝ː]<br/>''æ̊''
+| [ɔ̽ː]<br/>''å''
+| [e̝ː]<br/>''e''
+| [øː]<br/>''ø''
+| [o̝ː]<br/>''o''
+| [iː]<br/>''i''
+| [yː]<br/>''y''
+| [uː]<br/>''ů''
+| [ɨː]<br/>''u''
+| -
+|-
+! /j(ʔ)/
+| [ɛːj]<br/>''aj''
+| [ɑ̈j]<br/>''ăj''
+| -
+| -
+| [ɒ̽ːj]<br/>''åj''
+| -
+| -
+| [oːj]<br/>''oj''
+| -
+| -
+| [uːj]<br/>''ůj''
+| [ɨːj]<br/>''uj''
+| [əj]<br/>''ŭj''
+|-
+! /w(ʔ)/
+| [ɛːw]<br/>''av''
+| [æw]<br/>''ăv''
+| [eːw]<br/>''æv''
+| [œːw]<br/>''æ̊v''
+| [ɔ̽ːw]<br/>''åv''
+| [e̝ːw]<br/>''ev''
+| [øːw]<br/>''øv''
+| -
+| [iːw]<br/>''iv''
+| [yːw]<br/>''yv''
+| -
+| [ɨːw]<br/>''uv''
+| [əw]<br/>''ŭv''
+|-
+! /ð(ʔ)/
+| [ɛːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ad''
+| [æð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ăd''
+| [eːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''æd''
+| [œ̝ːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''æ̊d''
+| [ɔ̽ːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''åd''
+| [e̝ːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ed''
+| [øːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ød''
+| [o̝ːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''od''
+| [iːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''id''
+| [yːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''yd''
+| [uːð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ůd''
+| [ð̩˕˗ˠː]<br/>''ud''
+| [əð̠˕ˠ]<br/>''ŭd''
+|-
+! /ɐ̯(ʔ)/
+| [ɑ̈ː]<br/>''ar''
+| [ɑ̈ː]<br/>''ăr''
+| [eːɒ̯̽]<br/>''ær''
+| [œːɒ̯̽]<br/>''æ̊r''
+| [ɒ̝ː]<br/>''år''
+| [e̝ːɒ̯̽]<br/>''er''
+| [øːɒ̯̽]<br/>''ør''
+| [o̝ːɒ̯̽]<br/>''or''
+| [iːɒ̯̽]<br/>''ir''
+| [yːɒ̯̽]<br/>''yr''
+| [uːɒ̯̽]<br/>''ůr''
+| [ɨːɒ̯̽]<br/>''ur''
+| [əɒ̯̽]<br/>''ŭr''
+|-
+! /ŋ(ʔ)/
+| [ɛ̃ː]<br/>''an''
+| [ãː]<br/>''ăn''
+|-
+! /ŋ͡m(ʔ)/
+| [ɛ̃ːw̃~ɛːw̃]<br/>''am''
+| [æ̃w̃~æw̃]<br/>''ăm''
+|-
+! /ʔ/
+| [ɛːʔ]<br/>''aˀ''
+| [æʔ]<br/>''ăˀ''
+|}
+== Grammar ==
+=== Polar questions ===
+Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.
+:''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd blảj Æ med?''
+: 2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP
+: Are you Æ?
+== Poetry ==
+Lục bát (with the same rules as in Vietnamese lục bát) is the most common poetic form
+[[Category:Languages]]

Æ: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:32, 27 November 2024

Contents

Diachronics sketch

Broad phonology

Initials

Medials

Vowels

Finals

Origins of finals

Tones

Tone box

Narrow phonology

Initials

Rimes with no -r- medial

Grammar

Polar questions

Poetry

Navigation menu

Æ: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:32, 27 November 2024

Diachronics sketch

Broad phonology

Initials

Medials

Vowels

Finals

Origins of finals

Tones

Tone box

Narrow phonology

Initials

Rimes with no -r- medial

Grammar

Polar questions

Poetry

Navigation menu

Search